This is a dictionary of 4834 words with compact definitions; for use search with the FIND of your browser (CMDf and CMD g). There is also includes a Parser which will separately identify "endings". The compact definitions are newly written and cover the wide span of uses of each work in Latin literature. The numbers which follow each definition give an approximation of the frequency in Latin overall; the frequency range is from "1" as very common, through "5" as quite rare if not a hapax legomenon.

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.a, ab, abs., prep. with abl. ----from, away from; by means of. 1

.abdico, - dicere -dixi -dictum ----to disapprove of. (the -i- is long). 5

.abdo, -dere -didi -ditum ----to put away, to hide. 1

.abduco, - ducere -duxi -ductum, ----to lead away. 2

.abeo, - ire -ii -itum ----to go away; to depart. 2

.abhorreo, - ere ----to shrink back from, (as if with hair on end:=horridus) 2

.abicio, - icere -ieci -iectum ----to throw down or away, Transf., to break off 2

.abies, -etis, f. ----the silver fir, Transf. a ship. 4

.abluo, - luere -lui -lutum ----to wash off, to wash away. 3

.abnego, -are ----to deny, refuse. 3

.abnuo, - nuere -nui, (fut. act.partic. -nuiturus) ----to deny. 3

.aboleo, -ere -evi -itum ----to do away with, abolish. 3

.abripio, - ripere -ripui -riptum ----rip off, tear off. 3

.abrumpo, - rumpere -rupi -ruptum ----to break off. 2

.abscido, - cidere -cidi -cisum ----to cut off, shear off. 3

.abscindo, -scindere -scidi -scissum ----to cut off. 3

.abscondo, - condere -condi (-condidi) -conditum (-consum) ----hide, put away. 3

.absimilis, - e ----unlike. 3

.absisto, - sistere -stiti, (a) ----to go away. (b) desist. 3

.absolutio, - onis, f. ----acquittal, (legal). 3

.abstineo, - tinere -tinui -tentum ----hold back, hold myself back. 2

.abstraho, - trahere -traxi -tractum ----to drag away. 2

.abstrudo, -trudere -trusi -trusum ----to push away, conceal. 4

.absum, abesse., afui. ----to be absent; fail to help. to be free from fault. 2

.absumo, -sumere -sumpsi -sumptum ----consume. 2

.abundantia, - ae, f. ----abundance, wealth. 3

.abutor, -uti -usus, dep., with abl. ----use fully, use up, waste. 3

.acanthus, -i m. ----the (plant) acanthus 2

.accedo, -cedere -cessi -cessum ----approach, come to, come (in addition to) 2

.accerso ----see arcesso

.accendo, -cendere -cendi -censum ----to kindle, set alight, set on fire. to fire, inflame, excite. 2

.accensus, - a -um (partic. from accenseo) ----reckoned with ; m. as subst., 4

.accessus, -us, m. ----approach. 3

.accido, -cidere -cidi -cisum ----cut into, hack at, weaken (-i- is long) 3

.accido, -cidere -cid ----fall down. Transf. happen, come about. (-i- is short) 2

.accingo, - cingere -cinxi cinctum ----bind on (a weapon-belt), in pass., to arm oneself 3

.accipio, -cipere -cepi -ceptum ----to take, accept. 2

.accitus, - us, m. ----a summons (legal). 2

.acclivis, - e ----inclined. 5

.acclivitas, -tatis, f. ----slope. 5

.accommodo, - are ----to fit out, to fit, to furnish. 3

.accubo, - are ----recline on couch at dinner. (lit. lie forward). 4

.accumbo, -cumbere -cubui -cubitum ----to recline (at dinner on couch),or lie sick in bed. Go to bed with. 3

.accumulo, - are ----collect, bring together, amass; give in abundance. 4

.accuratus, -a -um, partic. from accuro; ----careful, hence) accurate. 5

.accuro, - are ----care for, take care of. 4

.accuso, - are ----to accuse; prosecute (legal). 3

.acer, - cris -cre ----sharp, cutting, keen, shrill. (the -a- is long) 1

.acerbitas, - atis, f. ----bitterness. 3

.acerbiter. adv.. ----bitterly 2

.acerbus, - a -um ----sharp, bitter, harsh, severe, morose. 1

.acernus, - a -um ----made of maple wood (see acer) 5

.acerra, - ae, f. ----incense box. 5

.acervus, -i, m. ----a heap, pile. 3

.acies, -ei, f. ----edge, sharpness of sight or mind; battle line ;sword 2

.acriter, adv. ----sharply, keenly. 2

.acroama, -atis, n. ----an entertainment on stage, or musical performance 4

.acta, -ae, f. ----seashore, beach, (Greek akte). 4

.actuarius, -a -um ----swift, (hence used for a ship, also a stenographer in court 4)

.acuo, -uere -ui -utum ----to sharpen, whet. 4

.ad, prep. with acc. ----to, toward, near, at, for, (motion in a forward direction, space, time, . 1

.adaequo, -are:. ----to make equal; to compare; to match. 3

.adamas, -antis, m. ----the hardest substance known, hard steel 4

.adamo, -are ----to fall in love with. 4

.addico, -dicere -dixi -dictum ----sign over, assign, sell, surrender also give a good sign in augury. 4

.addo, addere addidi additum ----add attach, put in addition to. 4

.adduco, -ducere -duxi -ductum ----bring forth, bring on, induce, adduce. 3

.adeo, adv. ----to that point, so far, so long, so much, (hence) furthermore 2

.adeo, adv. ----to that point, so far, so long, so much, (hence) furthermore (extending) or just so much 3

.adeps, -ipis, c. ----animal fat ; greasy verbal style. 5

.adequito, -are ----to ride up on a horse (mil.). 5

.adhaeresco, -haerescere -haesi -haesum ----to hang on to. 4

.adhibeo, -ere -ui -itum ----supply, furnish. 2

.adhortor, -ari, dep. ----to encourage, (esp. of soldiers). 3

.adhuc, adv. ----to this point, to this time (now). 1

.adicio, (adiicio.) -icere -ieci -iectum ----throw at, towards, add, attach. 2

.adigo, -igere -egi -actum ----drive forth, hurl at, wound, compel, force. 1

.adimo, -imere -emi -emptum ----take away, deprive. 2

.adipiscor, -ipisci -eptus, dep. ----get, acquire, get one s hands on. 2

.aditus, -us, m. ----approach, way in, doorway, access, attack (mil.). 2

.adiumentum, -i, n. ----aid, assistance. 3

.adiungo, -iungere -iunxi -iunctum ----join on, add on, assign (mil.), (in writing, add on an idea) 2

.adiutor, -oris, m. ----a helper. 3

.adiuvo, -iuvare -iuvi -iutum ----to aid, help. 1

.administer, -stri, m. ----attendant, assistant. 5

.administro, -are ----direct, administer. 3

.admiratio, -onis, f. ----surprise, astonishment, admiration, a marvel. 3

.admiror, -ari, dep. ----be surprised at, wonder at, admire. 3

.admitto, -mittere -misi -missum ----send in, send forth, admit someone, permit, allow 2

.admodum, adv. ----to a great measure, really, quite, altogether, fully; precisely (as an answer) 2

.admoneo, -ere -ui -itum ----warn, admonish, rebuke. 2

.admonitio, -onis, f. ----a reminding. 4

.admonitus, -us, m. = ----admonitio 4

.admoveo, -movere -movi -motum ----move towards, move on to, turn attention towards, pay attention to... 3

.admurmuratio., - onis, f. ----murmuring. 5

.adoleo, -ere -ui ----make a burnt offering, cremate, burn up. 4

.adolescentia, - ae f. ----growing up, maturing; youth 2

.adolescentulus, -i m. ----youth, young man 2

.adolesco, -olescere -olevi ----to grow up. 2

.adoperio, -ire -ui -ertum ----cloak, cover up 2

.adorior, -oriri -ortus, dep. ----rise up against, attack, come to grips with... 2

.adorno, -are ----prepare, honor, decorate, embellish. 3

.adoro, -are ----plead to, beg of, implore (a god, king), formally salute.... 2

.adquiro, -quirere -quisivi -quisitum ----get, acquire. 3

.adulter, -ri m ----an adulterer 2

.adulterium, -i n. ----adultery 2

.adsum, adesse. adfui. ----be present, be right at hand, be at hand 2

.adveho, -vehere -vexi -vectum ----to carry, bring ; pass. to ride on...(horseback 3

.advelo, - are ----cover over, (velum, veil). 5

.advena, -ae, c. ----a stranger, foreigner. 2

.advenio, -venire -veni -ventum ----to come to, arrive. 2

.adventicius, -a -um ----arising from external circumstances, adventitious. 3

.advento, -are ----to approach, come near. 3

.adventus, -us m. ----approach, arrival 2

.adversio -onis, f. ----a turning; directing of the attention (adv. animi) 2

.adversor, -ari, dep. ----resist, oppose, counteract. 3

.adversus, -a -um, partic. from adverto; ----turned to, towards, facing, (of hills, weapons, troops). 2

.adverto, (advorto.) -vertere -verti -versum ----turn toward, (ships, arms), to notice, "turn the mind toward... " 2

.advesperascit, -avit, (impersonal verb) ----evening falls. 5

.advoco, -are ----call on, summon, consult an advocate (legal). 2

.advolo, -are ----fly to. 3

.advolvo, -volvere -volvi -volutum ----roll to, (hence) genuflect, bow to.... 3

.adytum, -i, n. ----sanctuary, shrine, (Greek word). 3

.aedes, (aedis.) -is, f. ----building, sanctuary, tomb, rooms. 2

.aedificium, -i, n. ----a building. 2

.aedifico, -are ----to build, erect, create. 2

.aeger, -gra -grum ----sick, ailing, debilitated, weary, mentally ill, depraved 2

.aegre, adv. from aeger; ----sickly, depravedly. 3

.aemulus, -a -um ----rivalling, emulous. 3

.aeneus., (ahenus.) -a -um = aeneus (aheneus) ----made of bronze. 3

.aequaevus, -a -um ----having "the same age". 5

.aequalis, -e ----equal, equalized, i.e., smooth, flat, uniform, general. 2

.aequalitas, -atis, f. ----equality, uniformity, smoothness. 3

.aequinoctialis, -e ----equinoctial. 3

.aequinoctium, -i, n. ----the equinox. 3

.aequitas, -atis, f. ----evenness, flatness; fairness, even-handedness. 2

.aequo, -are ----make level, line up, match, evaluate, consider (as equal...). 3

.aequor, -oris, n. ----a level, a plain, (esp.) the open sea, ocean. 1

.aequus, -a -um ----level, smooth, flat, equal, fair (legal), matching, favorable to..., calm, likely. 1

.aer, aeris., m. ----the air, (a Greek borrowing). 1

.aerarius, -a -um ----made of bronze (coin, object), also a bronze- worker. 3

.aeratus, -a -um ----bronzed, of bronze. 3

.aereus, -a -um ----of bronze ; see aeneus. 3

.aeripes, -pedis ----having feet of bronze. 5

.aerius, (aereus.) -a -um ----aerial, airy. 3

.aes, aeris., n. ----bronze, money, pay fee, an implement, a statue (cast), a bronze-worker, see aes, aeris bronze) 3

.aestas, -atis, f. ----heat, (hence) summer season. 2

.aestimo, (aestumo.) -are ----to value, evaluate, account, consider. 2

.aestuarium, -i, n. ----a floodable bay, estuary. 4

.aestuarius, -a -um ----pertaining to the tides 2

.aestus, -us, m. ----heat, summer, fever, boiling of the waves, tide, tumult 3

.aetas, -atis, f. ----age, time of living, human life, any length of time, an aeon 2

.aeternus, -a -um ----eternal, permanent. 1

.aether, -eris, acc. -era, m. ----the air, sky, heaven, (a Greek word). 1

.aetherius, -a -um ----air-borne, airy, heavenly, ethereal. 3

.aethra, -ae, f. ----brightness, the heavens. 4

.aevum, -in, n. ----time, age, century, length of a human life, life (as such), old age 2

.affabilis, -e ----easy to address, friendly 2

.affatus, - us m ----speech, address 2

.affecto, - are ----seize, grip, grasp 2

.affero, - rre -tuli -latum ----bring forth, bear a report; excite 1

.afficio, ere -feci -fectum ----apply, affect; apply to 2

.affigo, - ere -fixi fixum ----fasten onto, apply 2

.affingo, - ere -finxi -fictum ----add onto, apply falsely ; bestow 2

.affinis, -e ----neighboring, adjoining, connected with 2

.affinitas, - tatis f. ----affinity, contiguity; relationship 2

.afflicto, - are ----beat, hit, hammer on 2

.affligo, - ere -xi -flictum ----beat, strike on, hit 2

.afflo, - are ----blow on 2

.affluo, - ere -xi ----flow to, come together 2

.affor, -ari -fatus ----speak to, address 2

.ager, agri, m. ----field, cultivated land, estate, countryside 1

.agger, -eris m. ----a (cultivated) earth ridge, rampart (mil.), breakwater, dam 2

.aggero, -are ----pile up into a mound, (see agger). 3

.aggero, -gerere -gessi -gestum ----bring together; pile up 2

.agglomero, - are ----crowd together, whirl together 2

.aggredior, -i -ssum ----approach, go towards; attack 2

.aggrego, -are ----crowd together 2

.agitor, -oris, m. ----shepherd, (also) charioteer. 3

.agito, -are ----move, drive, arouse (an idea), disturb, agitate, spend one s time 3

.agmen, -inis, n. ----line, stream of water, column of soldiers, series of persons 3

.agnosco, -noscere -novi -nitum ----recognize, acknowledge as one s own, recognize 3

.agnus, -i, m. ----lamb. 3

.ago, agere. egi. (-e- is long), actum. ----drive (anything) on, force along, do something, accomplish, 1

.agrarius, -a -um ----of the land, the fields, agrarian 4

.agrestis, -is, m. ----countryman. 3

.agricola, -ae, m. ----farmer.

.aio, defective verb. ----say, say yes, talk about, 1

.ala, -ae, f. ----wing of a bird, upper arm of a mammal or person; wing of troops 3

.alacer, -cris -cre ----quick, keen, sharp. 2

.alacritas, -atis, f. ----quickness, liveliness. 3

.alarius, -a -um, and alaris -e ----auxiliary cavalry. 5

.alatus, -a -um ----winged. 5

.albesco, -ere ----become white, light, gleam, glow. 3

.albus, -a -um ----white, translucent, light-skinned; white with age, pale, sick 3

.alea, -ae, f. ----dice, game of dice, (hence) chance, chanciness. 2

.aleator, -oris, m. ----gambler. 5

.ales, alitis ----winged (adj.), bird (noun). 3

.alienigena, -ae, m. ----a foreigner. 3

.alienus, -a -um ----strange, foreign, inappropriate, unconnected, hostile 3

.aliger, -gera -gerum ----winged. 3

.aliquam, aliquamdiu, aliquammultus, adverbs ----in some other way, somewhat 2

.aliquando, adv. ----at some time (whenever), at some time in past, at some time 2

.aliquantus, -a -um ----of some size. 4

.aliquis, aliquid., pron. ----some one...or other, a particular (unnamed) person 3

.aliquot, indecl. numeral ----several, a number of.... 1

.alius, -ia -iud. ----other, another, the other, 1

.allabor, -i -psus ----glide toward, sail toward 2

.allicio, -ere -xi -ectum ----entice, attract 2

.alligo, -are ----bind fast, tie up ; constrain 2

.alloquor, -i -utus ----speak to, address 2

.almus, -a -um ----nourishing, (actually) breast feeding, kindly, gentle 3

.alo, alere alui altum (or alitum) ----nourish, support, nurture, allow to grow 2

.altaria, - ium, n. pl. ----altars, burnt offerings on altars. 3

.alter, -tera -terum ----either (one...or the other), of a pair, second in a series, the other one. 1

.alternus, -a -um ----one after the other, (or) alternating i.e. skipping, 2

.altitudo, -inis, f. ----height, high social position. 2

.altus, -a -um ----high of mind or style, (also) profound, deep of sea,etc.. 1

.alumnus, -a -um, adj., used as noun ----nursling, foster-child; hence, pupil. 3

.aluta, -ae, f. ----soft leather; a shoe, purse; a leather patch. 4

.alveolus, -i m. ----dice board for gaming 2

.alveus, -i m. ----boat 2

.alvus, -i, f., (a convex form;) ----stomach, womb, hull of a ship 3

.amaracus, -i, c. and amaracum, -i, n. ----a sweet smelling herbal plant, 2

.amarus, -a -um ----sharp and bitter, harsh (sound), harsh, sarcastic. 2

.ambages, abl. -e, f., (of sing. only abl. found) ----a round-about path, beating around the bush hence trickery. 2

.ambedo, -esse -edi -esum ----eat around (of fire burning, water) eroding, insects devouring etc. 3

.ambiguus, -a -um ----uncertain, shifting, ambiguous. 2

.ambio, -ire -ivi or ii itum ----go around, solicit, surround, encircle, wrap around 3

.ambo, -ae -o ----both (of a natural pair, eyes, ears, etc.), both parties, both sides 1

.amens, -entis ----out of one s mind, distracted, (finally) insane. 3

.amentia, -ae, f. ----madness. 3

.amicio, -icire -icui or -ixi -ictum ----toss (a coat) on (the shoulders), 4

.amicitia, -ae f. ----friendship. 1

.amictus, -us, m. ----mantle coat, dress in general, drapery 3

.amicus, -a -um ----a friend 2

.amitto, -mittere -misi missum ----send away, dismiss, release, let slip, omit 2

.ammentum ----see amentum 3

.amnis, -is, m. ----river. 1

.amo, -are ----love, like, favor, have a good feeling toward.... 1,

.amoenitas, - atis, f. ----pleasantness (of places). 4

.amoenus, -a -um ----lovely to behold (of nature), pleasant, enjoyable. 3

.amor, -oris, m. ----love (sexual or fondness), Amor/Cupid, son of Venus 1

.amoveo, -movere -movi -motum ----remove, put out of mind, allay a fear, 3

.amplector, -plecti -plexus, dep. ----embrace (physically, also mentally), "grasp, include 3

.amplexus, -us, m. ----embracing, inclusion. 3

.amplifico, -are ----increase, add and advance, loudly praise, develop (rhetoric) 3

.amplitudo, -inis, f. ----size, bulk, amplitude 2

.amplus, -a um ----big, large, ample. 1

.an, conj.: in direct questions ----or whether. 1

.anceps, -cipitis ----two headed, Janus-like, (hence) ambivalent. 3

.ancora, -ae, f. ----anchor (naval), hook. 3

.ango, -ere ----(physically) choke, confine, vex. 2

.anguis, -is, c. ----snake. 1

.angulus, -i, m. ----angle, corner. 3

.angustiae, -arum, f. pl. ----narrowness, confinement, scantiness 3

.angustus, -a -um ----narrow, small, brief, poor, petty, tight. 2

.anhelitus, -us, m. ----puffing, shortness of breath. 3

.anhelo, -are ----puff, breathe heavily. 2

.anhelus, -a -um ----puffing, panting. 5

.anilis, -e ----belonging to or like an old woman. 5

.anima, -ae, f. ----breath, (hence) life, spirit, soul, ghost, air 2

.animadversio, -onis, f. ----notice, perception, attention. 3

.animadverto, (animadvorto.) -vertere -verti -versum ----turn to, toward 2

.animal, -alis, n. ----anything having an "anima", living beings, 1

.animus, -i, m. ----the "rational" or thinking part of the mind (not anima "soul" 1

.annalis, -e ----history volumes by the year, e.g. Tacitus 3

.annitor, -i -nisus ----push hard, strain at... 2

.anno -nare ----swim up to 2

.annona, -ae, f. ----produce, marketable crops, wheat ; price 4

.annotinus, -a -um ----just one year old. 5

.annosus, -l -um ----old, aged; full of years 3

.annuo, -ere ----nod to; give the nod (="yes") to... 2

.annus, -i, m. ----a year (solar), the course of a given historical year, a date 1

.annuus, -a -um ----yearly, annual. 2

.ante, adv. of place and time ----before. 1

.ante, adv of place and time ----before. 1

.antea, adv. ----before (in time specifically). 1

.antecedo, -cedere -cessi -cessum ----walk before, precede, be older than, 3

.antecello, -ere ----precede in excellence, surpass. 3

.antecursor, -ris m. ----forward scout (mil.) 2

.anteferro, -ferre -tuli -latum ----put in front, prefer, anticipate. 3

.antelucanus, -a -um ----(of time) just before the dawn. 5

.antemna, or antenna. -ae, f. ----rope on a ship s sail; sheet (naut.) 2

.antepono, -ponere -posui -positum ----put before (physically), give preference to 2

.antequam, conj. ----before, (ante + quam) 1

.antiquitas, -atis, f. ----oldness, men of older times, antiquity, ancient history 2

.antiquitus, adv. ----in olden times. 3

.antiquus, -a -um ----old, ancient, living long ago, prehistoric, time-honored, 2

.antrum, -i, n. ----a cave, grotto, abode of an oracle, den of wild animals, 2

.aper, apri., m. ----wild boar (pig), roast pig 3

.aperio, aperire aperui apertum. ----open up (of a door, a wall), evacuate land 3

.apex., -icis, m. ----tip-top, highest point, summit, apex; (also) priest s headdress 3

.apis, or apes. -is, f. ----a bee, (also rare dim. apicula). 3

.appareo, -ere -ui -itum ----appear, show up as being, become evident 3

.appello, -are ----speak to, to, address, make a (legal) appeal, call by name 3

.appello, -pellere -puli -pulsum ----drive, move, turn to..., 2

.appeto, -ere -ivi or -ii -itum ----reach out for, seek, desire, seek (in marriage 2

.applico, -are -avi -atum and -ui -itum ----place near or beside, bring in close 3

.appono, -ponere -posui -positum ----place near, serve food, apply (medicine) 3,

.apporto, -are ----bring forth, take someone (somewhere), bring news, go forth to.... 3

.approbo, -are ----prove good, demonstrate as OK, approve. 3

.appropinquo, -are ----approach, be close to. 3

.apricus, -a -um ----sunny, warmed by the sun, (only physical, never of personal qualities, personality) 3

.apto, -are ----fit together, join, join together 3

.aptus, -a -um ----well adjusted, fittingly, suitably; (also),put in place 3

.apud, prep. with acc. ----at, near, in somebody s house (like Fr. chez), 1

.aqua, -ae, f. ----water. 1

.aquatio, -onis, f. ----drawing water, (hence) a well etc. 5

.aquila, -ae, f. ----eagle, the constellation Aquila, the eagle as standard of a legion 3

.aquilifer, -fera -ferum ----bearing the "eagle =military standard 2

.aquilo, -onis, m. ----NE or NNE wind, bad weather from north, (see aquilus "dark"). 3

.aquosus, -a -um ----watery, well watered, rainy. 3

.ara, - ae, f. ----a raised base used for an altar, (hence) protection, 2

.aratrum, -i, n. ----plow (made of wood with metal tip 2

.arbiter, -tri, m. ----an onlooker, (hence) an overseer, arbitrator, judge, 2

.arbitrium, -i, n. ----decision, choice, jurisdiction (legal), control, wishes, 2

.arbitro, -are and arbitror -ari, dep. ----judge, consider, decide, think. 2

.arbor, (arbos) -oris, f. ----tree, wood, wooden objects (mast, beam) 1

.arboreus, -a -um ----tree-like, wooden. 3

.arcanus, -a -um ----secret, hidden, mysterious, arcane, (arca "box"). 2

.arceo, -ere -ui ----keep closed up, keep away, keep at a distance, 3

.arcesso, (accerso.) -ere -ivi -itum ----summon up (mil., legal) order import,

.arcus, -us, m. ----a bow (for arrows), an arch, anything curved or arch-shaped 3

.ardeo, ardere arsi. ----be on fire, burn, glow, gleam, be eager to..., be "hot, violent, frenzied 2

.ardesco, -ere ----catch fire, become enraged, passionate. or. violent. 3

.ardor, -oris, m. ----burning, gleam, flash, heat, eagerness, love-and-hate. 1

.arduus, -a -um ----high (mountains), steep (ascent), difficult, sublime 3

.areo, -ere ----be dry (dehydrated), thirsty, parched (feeling..). 3

.argenteus, -a -um ----silvered, silvery; financial. 3

.argentum, -i, n. ----silver (as metal, also money). 3

.argila, -ae f. ----clay 2

.argumentum, -i, n. ----argument, proof, theme, story, example 3

.arguo, -uere -ui -utum ----make clear, show up, prove out ; convict (legal word) 3

.aridus, -a -um ----dry, arid (used of land, crops, persons) 3

.aries, -ietis, m. ----ram (male sheep), battering-ram (mil.), zodiac Aries, 3

.arma, -orum, n. pl. ----weapons, arms, military force, defenses (mil.) 2

.armamenta, -orum, n. pl. ----equipment on a ship, tackle, any implements (gen.) 3

.armatura, -ae, f. ----equipment. 4

.armentum, -i, n. ----a herd of cattle, (also) a single domesticated animal. 2

.armiger, -gera -gerum ----bearing arms. 4

.armipotens, -entis ----powerful in arms. 4

.armisonus, -a -um ----resounding with arms. 5

.armo, -are ----outfit with arms, equip, put into the field (mil.), incite to war 3

.armus, -i, m. ----shoulder of beef; a man s shoulder. 4

.aro, -are ----plow, plow up, cultivate land, (also) wrinkle the brow, 2

.arrigo ----see adrigo. 3

.arripio ----see adripio. 3

.arroganter, adv. ----arrogantly 2

.arrogantia, -iae f. ----arrogance, insolence 3

.ars, -tis, f. ----skill, technical craft, craft of a painter, poet 1

.artifex, -ficis, m., (also used as adj.) ----craftsman, workman, creator,

.artus, (arctus.) -a -um ----joint of a body, arm, leg, the body (pl.). 2

.artus, -a -um ----narrow, tight, dense 2

.arvum, -i, n. ----a ploughed field, farmland, countryside. 3

.arx, -cis, f. ----citadel, a fortress, fort, retreat, asylum,the tip-top 2

.as, assis., m. ----a penny (copper), a pound (weight), a unit. 2)

.ascendo, -scendere -scendi -scensum ----climb up (a hill), up, embark on (a ship.) 4

.ascensus, -us, m. ----rising up, progress, advancement. 3

.ascisco, asciscere ascivi ascitum. ----take on, take over, take an opinion, adopt 3

.ascribo, -scribere -scripsi -scriptum ----add on in writing, enrol, ascribe, assign 4

.aspargo ----=. aspergo 3

.aspecto, -are ----look at, look at respectfully, face (geographically) 3

.aspectus, -us, m. ----seeing, vision, appearance (of face), a vision 2

.asper, -era -erum ----rough to the touch, jagged, harsh 1

.aspero, -are ----make rough, harsh, violent. 3

.aspicio, -ere -exi -ectum ----look at, see, spy 2

.aspiro, -are ----breath, blow (winds), infuse an idea of emotion 2

.asporto, -are ----carry away, remove. 3

.assentio, -ere -ensi -sensum ----agree 2

.assequor, -qui -cutum ----follow up; pursue 3

.asservo, -are ----guard, watch 2

.assido, - dere -sedi ----sit down 3

.assiduitas, -tatis f. ----assiduity, persistence 2

.assiduus, -ua -um ----constant, frequent; persistent 3

.assimilis, -e ----like, similar to... 3

.assuefacio, -ere -feci -fectum ----train, domesticate, get used to... 3

.assuesco, -ere -evi -etum ----get used to, become accustomed to... 3

.assultus, -us m. ----leaping upon, assault 2

.assurgo, -ere -exi -extum ----rise up 3

.asto, -are (=ad-sto) ----stand by 3

.astrum., -i, m. ----star, planet, constellation, heavens. 2

.asylum, -i, n. ----sanctuary, (not "asylum" as mental hospital). 3

.at, (ast.) ----but, yet, moreover. 1

.ater, atra. atrum. ----black, dark, stained; dreadful, gloomy. 1

.atque, and ac ----and, and also, and indeed. 1

.atrium, -i, n. ----foyer, ante-room, house, office-room. 2

.atrocitas, -atis, f. ----horror, barbarousness; severity. 3

.atrox, -ocis ----terrible, awful, atrocious. 2

.attendo, -tendere -tendi -tentum ----pay attention, observe, stretch forth, .. 3

.attenuo, -are ----thin out, weaken, exhaust. 3

.attexo, -texere -texui -textum ----weave onto.., add on. 5

.attingo, -tingere -tigi -tactum ----touch, control, join onto, extend to, 3

.attollo, -tollere -tondi -tonsum ----raise up, lift up, set up, raise a building 3

.attono, -tonare -tonui -tonitum ----strike with lightning ; drive crazy 3

.attrecto, -are ----touch, handle, deal with. 3

.attribuo, -uere -ui -utum ----assign, allot, appoint, refer to. 2

.auctionarius, -a -um ----auctioneering. 5

.auctor, -oris, m. ----grower, maker, authority, writer (as an authority) 2

.auctoritas, - atis, f. ----authority, ownership (legal), leadership, esteem and respect 3

.audacia, -ae, f. ----boldness ;literary boldness of expression 3

.audax, -acis ----bold (good and bad), audacious. 2

.audeo, -ere -ausus (semi dep.) ----dare, have the courage to... 1

.audio, -ire ----listen, hear, understand, hear lectures, give attention to... 2

.auditio, -onis, f. ----hearing, hearsay, a lecture, discourse. 3

.aufero, auferre abstuli. ablatum. ----carry away, remove, steal, "rip off", 3

.augeo., augere auxi. auctum. ----make larger, cause to grow (larger), increase 3

.augur, -uris, c. ----a bird-observing priest, a seer, 2

.augurium, -i, n. ----Augury (art and practice), a prediction, foreboding 3

.augustus, -a -um ----Magnified, Most Worthy, (title of emperor Octavianus). 2

.aula, -ae, f. ----courtyard, inner court of a Mediterranean house 3

.aulaeum, -i, n., usually plur. ----curtain of a theater, tapestry in general, 2

.aura, -ae ----air, breeze, odor or fragrance. 1

.aureus, -a -um ----golden, gilt, splendid, of the "Golden Age" 4

.auricomus., -a -um ----golden-tressed. 5

.auriga, -ae, f. ----charioteer; as a constellation, The Waggoner. 3

.auris, -is, f. ----the ear, hearing; a "good ear". 1

.aurora, -ae, f. ----dawn, daybreak, goddess Aurora, the East 2

.aurum, -i, n. ----gold, money, decorative jewelry, 1

.auspex., -icis, c. ----bird watcher (religious), priest at ceremony of augury 3

.auspicium, -i, n. ----divination by bird observation, omen reading. 2

.aut ----either..... or. 1

.autem, adv. ----on the other hand, however. 1

.autumnus, -i m. ----autumn, fall season 2

.auxiliaris, -e ----helping, aiding, auxiliary troops (mil.). 5

.auxilior, - ari, dep. ----give aid, help. 3

.auxilium, -i, n. ----aid, help (often military). 1

.avaritia, -ae (and avarities -ei, f. ----greed, miserly greed. 3

.avarus, -a -um ----greedy, miserly, hungering for. 3

.ave ----hello" (See vale "goodbye") 1

.aveho, -vehere -vexi -vectum ----carry off, carry something off. 4

.avello, -vellere -velli and -vulsi (-volsi) -vulsum (-volsum) ----pluck off, tear off, rip away 4

.averto, (avorto.) -vertere -verti (-vorti) -versum (-vorsum) ----turn away, divert the eyes 3

.avidus, -a -um ----greedy for, hungry for, passionate, lustful for 3

.avis, -is, f. ----bird (from chicken to Harpy), bird of omen, omen. 1

.avitus, - a -um ----of a grandfather, ancestral. 3

.avius, -a -um, ; ----pathless, trackless 3.

.avoco, -are ----call aside, call away ( 3

.avunculus, -i, m. ----uncle on mother s side. 3

.avus, -i, m. ----grandfather, forefather. 3

.axis, (or assis.) -is, m. ----axle, the north pole (axis), a part of the heavens, sky (poet.). 2

.baca, (bacca) -ae, f. ----berry, pearl (from the berry-like shape). 3

.bacatus, -a -um ----pearl-studded. 5

.bacchor, -ari, dep. ----act like a bacchant, rave, rage. 2

.balteus, - i, m. and balteum -i, n. ----belt, armor-belt; girdle of a girl. 3

.barathrum, -i, n. ----a pit, the pit of hell, the pit of the stomach 3

.barba, -ae, f. ----beard of men, of goats. 2

.barbaria, -ae (barbaries, f. ----foreignness, barbarousness. 3

.barbaricus, -a -um ----foreign, i.e., not Greek or Roman. 3

.barbarus, -a -um ----foreign, strange, lacking in "couth" ignorant, savage 2

.barbatus, -a -um ----bearded. 3

.bellatrix, -icis, f. ----lady warrior. 4

.bellicosus, -a -um ----warlike, bellicose 2

.bello, -are and bellor -ari, dep. ----to wage war, fight. 2

.bellum, -i, n. ----war, fighting, battle contention, army. 1

.beneficium, -i, n. ----a favor, a political favor, benefit by law. 2

.benevolentia, -ae, f. ----good will. 3

.benignitas, -atis, f. ----kindness, generosity. 3

.benignus, - a -um ----generous, liberal, fair, favorable, abundant. 2

.beo, -are ----make happy, enrich, make wealthy. 3

.bestia, -ae, f. ----beast of prey (gladiatorial), "animal", (used of people!) 2

.bibo, bibere bibi bibitum ----to drink, get drunk, absorb. 1

.bibulus, - a -um ----fond of drinking, alcoholic, ;porous, absorbant. 3

.bicolor, -oris ----of two colors. 3

.bidens, -entis ----having two teeth, two prongs, sheep, (with two protruding teeth). 3

.biduum, - i, n. ----period of two days. 2

.biennium, -i, n. ----a space of two years. 3

.biformis, -e ----having two forms 3

.bigae, -arum f. pl. (and sing. biga -ae) ----a pair of horses (with a chariot). 2

.bi-iugis, -e and bi-iugus -a -um ----yoked in double (horses, oxen). 4

.bilinguis, - e ----having two tongues i.e. bilingual, (hence) double-talking, deceitful. 3

.bini, -ae ----two each, two in a pair, double, doubles. 2

.bipartito, adv. ----in two parts 2

.bipatens, -entis ----open in two directions. 5

.bipedalis, -e ----two feet long, broad, thick, or high. 3

.bipennis, -e ----an axe with two blades. 3

.biremis, -e ----double oared, i.e. having two tiers of rowers. 4

.bis ----twice. 1

.bonus, -a -um ----good, good-hearted, healthy, sound in mind, 1

.bos, bovis, c. ----bull, cow. 1

.bracchium, -i, n. ----forearm, arm, forefoot of an animal, 2

.bractea, (brattea) -ae, f. ----gold-leaf, sheet metal. 3

.brattea ----= bractea 4

.brevis, -e ----small in size, short in time, concise in style, a "short" syllable. 1

.brevitas, -tatis f. ----shortness, brevity 4

.bruma, -ae, f. ----the shortest day of winter, (brevissima), i.e. winter 2

.brumalis, -e ----relating to the shortest day in winter. 3

.bubo, - onis, m. ----owl, (from the sound of its hoot). 5

.cado, cadere cecidi ----fall down, collapse, fall back, drop 1

.caducus, a- um ----dropping, falling, falling in battle, ripe 2

.cadus, -i, m. ----a jar for wine, food, dye, or cremated remains. 3

.caecus, -a -um ----blind, (mentally) blind, dark as night, concealed. 1

.caedes, -is, f. ----slaughter (sacrifice), a battle, victims of a battle. 2

.caedo, caedere cecidi caesum ----strike, hit, knock down, murder, smash. 1

.caelestis, -e ----belonging to heaven, celestial; (as noun) a god, the gods. 2

.caelicola, -ae ----dwelling in heaven; (as noun : god). 5

.caelo, -are ----engrave, sculpt in relief. 3

.caelum, -i, n. ----the heavens, sky, home of the gods, sky = climate, universe. 1

.caenum, -i, n. ----mud, filth, scum; (of people) ;"scum" of society. 3

.caesaries, -ei, f. ----long hair. 3

.caespes, (cespes) -itis, m. ----sod of turf, a turf rampart (mil.), a grave. 2

.caestus, -us, m. ----boxing glove (with metal studs!). 4

.calamitas, -atis, f. ----disaster (of crops, warfare, life). 2

.calcar, -aris, n. ----spur of a cock, spur for horses. 3

.caleo, -ere -ui ----be warm, get hot, be "hot" for, be ardent. 1

.calidus, (caldus) -a -um ----warm, hot, (of persons, climate, thoughts),

.caligo, -inis, f. ----darkness, smog, gloom, darkness of mind, obscurity. 2

.caligo, -are ----darken, obscure (the sky, the atmosphere) 4

.callidus, -a -um ----smart (from experience), clever, wily 2

.callis, -is, m. ----footpath, small road over bad country. 3

.calo, -onis, m. ----a (mil.) servant, aide; (low level),helper. 5

.calor, -oris, m. ----warmth, heat, fever, zeal, passion; life. 2

.calx, - cis, f. ----heel, hoof. 2

.caminus, -i, m. ----furnace, forge, stove, volcano. 3

.campus, -i, m. ----field, plain, open land, field for battle, (poet.) the sea. 1

.candeo, -ere -ui ----shine, be bright, gleam, gleam with heat. 3

.candidus, -a -um ----white, fair-skinned, pretty; lucid (in style). 2

.candor, -oris, m. ----whiteness, brightness ; kindness. 3

.caneo, -ere -ui ----be gray, white headed, hoary, ancient. 3

.canis, -is, c. ----dog, watchdog, hound, the star Sirius; bad throw of dice (dog eyes). 1

.canistrum, -i n. ----a wicker basket 4

.canities, acc. -em ----grayness = old age of persons. 3

.cano, canere cecini cantum ----sing, chant, write of in verse; foretell. 1

.canorus, -a -um ----resonant, sweet sounding, toneful (of birds, animals, people). 2

.canto, -are ----sing, play an instrument, recite; sing incantations. 2

.cantus, -us, m. ----song, playing, poetry, instrumental music. 2

.canus, -a -um ----white-grey, old, aged, age-old. 2

.capesso, - ere -ivi and -ii -itum ----grasp at, grasp (mentally); adopt a stance. 2

.capillus, -i, m. ----a single hair, hair, fur, fiber (rare). 2

.capio, capere cepi (-e- is long), captum ----grasp, take in the hands, grab,capture (mil.), choose 1

.capitalis, -e ----pertaining to the head, deadly, first-rate = capital ; as noun: "capital punishment). 2

.capra, -ae, f. ----she-goat, star in Auriga. 4

.caprigenus, -a -um ----born of goats. 5

.captivus, -a -um ----captive, captured, siezed in war. 3

.capto, -are ----grasp at, seek for, try to get, captivate. 2

.captus, -us, m. ----act of grasping. 3

.capulus, -i, m. ----handle of an implement, sword, (capio "grasp"); coffin. 3

.caput, -itis, n. ----head, = life, a person, the top of anything, beginning. 1

.carbasus, -i, f. ----clothes, canvas, sail, awning, linen. 3

.carcer, -eris, m. ----jail, prison, cages. 1

.carchesium, -i n. ----a large drinking cup 5

.cardo, -inis, m. ----pivot, axis, axis of earth, hinge on a door 2

.careo, - ere -ui ----be lacking in (abl. object), be without, be deprived of. 1

.carina, -ae, f. ----keel (of a ship), (fig.) a ship. 3

.caritas, -atis, f. ----dearness (of affections), dearness (of price) 3

.carmen, -inis, n. ----song, poem, song of any sort; (with malum) evil incantation. 1

.caro, carnis f. ----meat, flesh, body tissue. 2

.carpo, carpere carpsi carptum ----pluck (as fruit), pick off, select, 1

.carrus, -i, m. ----a waggon (Gaulish word). 5

.carus, -a -um ----dear, loving; dear= costly. 2

.casa, -ae, f. ----little house, cottage, small shop (as against domus, villa, ). 3

.cassus, -a -um ----lacking, hollow, empty, vain. 2

.castellum, -i, n. ----a fort, mil. garrisoned settlement, castle. 3

.castigo, -are ----reprove, blame. 2

.castrensis, -e ----pertaining to a camp. 4

.castrum, -i, n. (usually castra -orum, n. pl.) ----military camp, encampment, war, active service, campaigns. 1

.castus, - a -um ----pure, moral, chaste; decent (of style). 2

.casus, -us, m. ----falling, dropping, an accident, danger 1

.catena, -ae, f. ----chain, restraint, bond or any attachment. 2

.caterva, -ae, f. ----crowd, band of followers, cluster of people. 1

.catulus, -i, m. ----young of any mammalian, puppy, whelp.. 3

.cauda, (coda) -ae, f. ----tail, the extreme end, 3

.causa, (caussa) -ae, f. ----cause, case (legal), reason for., situation; with genitive: "for the sake of...".. 1

.cautes, -is, f. ----a rock, a hard place ; a whetstone. 3

.cautus, -a -um ----wary, cautious, secure (of financial dealings). 2

.cavea, -ae, f. ----a birdcage; a fence ; the audience in the theater. 3

.caveo, cavere cavi cautum ----be careful, refrain from., shun, 2

.caverna, -ae, f. ----cave, cavern, the open sky, a hole; a ship s hold. 2

.cavo, -are ----hollow out, perforate, carve out. 2

.cavus, -a -um ----hollow, hollowed out, empty; con-cave 2

.cedo, cedere cessi cessum ----go, proceed, walk forth; withdraw, concede. 1

.celeber, -bris -bre ----crowded, frequented, famous; notorious. 2

.celebritas, -atis, f. ----busy-ness, crowding in public; fame. 3

.celebro, -are ----throng together, crowd, have a feast, honor. 2

.celer, -eris -ere ----quick, agile, fast-thinking, fast occurring. 1

.celeritas, -atis, f. ----speed, quickness. 2

.celero, - are ----hurry, hasten. 3

.cella, -ae, f. ----a small room, storeroom, chamber. 2

.cello, -ere ----raise up, elevate, raise on high 3

.celo, -are ----conceal, hide, keep secret. 2

.censeo, censere censui censum ----think, reckon, have an opinion, evaluate. 1

.censor, -oris, m. ----a judge, censor (of morals, etc.); the magistrate "censor" 2

.census, -us m. ----censor s list of population = "census" 2

.centum ----a hundred, hundreds (as a round number). 3

.centumgeminus, -a -um ----hundred-fold 4

.centuria, -ae, f. ----things characterized by having 1 0 0 parts; a platoon the comitia centurata; a plot of 1 0 0 acres. 3

.centuriatus, -us, m. ----divided into centuriae, hundredths. 4

.centurio, -onis, m. ----centurion (a sort of master sergeant). 3

.cerebrum, -i, n. ----brain, skull; common sense, 2

.cerno, cernere crevi cretum ----to see, perceive, discern with eye or mind, examine. 1

.certamen, -inis, n. ----struggle, battle, a contest of the arts, a dispute. 2

.certatim, adv. ----competitively. 3

.certo, adv. ----see certe. 2

.certo, -are ----contend for, struggle for, fight, contend (legal), compete (political). 2

.certus, -a -um ----definite, fixed, firm, indisputable, steady.. 1

.cerva, -ae, f. ----deer (female, but can also be male). 3

.cervix, -icis, f. ----the neck. 2

.cervus, -i, orig. deer ----stakes in a military fortification (like deer-horns). 5

.cesso, -are ----be still, be inactive, motionless. 2

.ceterus, -a -um ----other, the other, the other part (left over). 1

.cetus, - i, m., and cetos, n.; plur. cete; ----a whale, dolphin, sea-monster. 5

.ceu, adv. ----as if, just so..., (often introduces similes in poetry) 2

.chaos, n. ----Chaos, mythological father of Night and Erebus (Darkness) 3

.chlamys, -ydis, f. ----a cloak (Greek word) mil. or equestrian. 4

.chorea, -ae f. ----dance 3

.chorus, -i, m. ----singing, dancing sequence in a play, choral passage in (Greek) drama 2

.cibus, -i, m. ----food, fodder, a meal, sustenance. 2

.cieo, ciere civi. citum. ----move, make to move, rouse up, stir 4

.cingo, cingere cinxi. cinctum. ----encircle, belt-around, bind up, ring-around. 1

.cingulum, -i, n. ----belt, sword-belt, dog-collar. 3

.cinis, -eris, m. ----ashes, embers, ashes from the funerary pyre, 1

.circa, adv. ----about ; prep. with acc., around, "round-about". ( 1-)

.circiter, adv. and prep. with acc. ----about. 3

.circuitus, -us, m. ----circle, circuitous passage. 4

.circulus, (circlus) -i, m. ----circle, ring, an audience (in a circle). 2

.circum, adv. ----around; prep with acc., around. 1

.circumcido, -cidere -cidi -cisum ----cut in a ring around, girdle a tree, circumcise a man, whittle down 2

.circumcludo, -cludere -clusi -clusum ----surround (with fortifications, troops). 5

.circumdo, -dare -dedi -datum ----place around, grow around, clothe, cloak, encircle (mil.). 2

.circumduco, -ducere duxi ductum ----lead around, manuever around (mil.), encircle. 2

.circumeo, (circueo.) -ire -ii or -ivi, circuitum ----to go around encircle, surround (mil.). 2

.circumfero, -ferre -tuli -latum ----to carry around, pass around at dinner, spread (war, famine). 2

.circumflecto, -flectere -flexi -flexum ----to turn a course (in horse racing). 5

.circumfundo, -fundere -fudi -fusum ----to pour around, flow around, encircle (military). 3

.circumicio, -icere -iecio -iectum ----to fling around (weapons), throw up defenses, surround. 3

.circummitto, -mittere -misi -missum ----to send around embassies, encircle (mil.). 5

.circummunio, - ire ----to surround with a wall. 5

.circumplector, -plecti -plexus, dep. ----surround, enclose, embrace (bodily). 5

.circumscribo, -scribere -scripsi -scriptum ----to draw a line around; restrict; cheat. 2

.circumscriptor, -oris, m. ----a cheat. 5

.circumsedeo, -sedere -sedi -sessum ----settle around, besiege (mil.). 3

.circumsisto, -sistere -steti or -stiti ----to gather around, stand around, crowd around. 3

.circumspicio, - spicere -spexi -spectum ----to look all around, survey, examine carefully. 2

.circumsto, - stare -steti ----to stand around, be present ; beset. 3

.circumtextus, - a -um ----embroidered elaborately. 5

.circumvenio, -venire -veni -ventum ----surround, attack, persecute; get around = cheat. 2

.circumvolo, -are ----fly around, flutter around. 3

.circumvolvo, -volvere -volvi -volutum ----to rotate, revolve, coil up. 5

.circus, -i, m. ----circle, ring, horse racing ring, "circus". 2

.citatus, -a -um ----speedy, fast-moving, speeded-up. 3

.citerior, -ius ----nearer, closer, previous.. Gallia citerior is lower France. 3

.cithara, -ae, f. ----lyre (Greek word). 5

.cito, adv. ----quickly, sooner than, rather than..... 2

.cito, -are ----to set in motion, excite, cite (legal or literary). 2

.citra (abl. f. from citer). adv. ----on the nearer side, on this side of.... 2

.citro, adv. ----on this side, on the nearer side. 2

.citus, -a -um, partic. from cieo ----fast, fast-moving, speedy 3

.civilis, -e ----relating to a Roman citizen or civis, civil (war), civil (law). 1

.civis, -is, c. ----a (Roman) citizen, any citizen, countryman, "paisano". 1

.civitas, -atis, f. ----citizenship, the state as such (guardian of citizenship). 1

.clades, -is, f. ----any disaster (earthquake, plague); a significant military defeat, slaughter. 1

.clam, adv. ----silently, secretly. 1

.clamito, -are ----to shout out again and again, clamor, call out. 2

.clamo, -are ----to shout, roar, shout out.... 2

.clamor, -oris, m. ----a loud shout, clamor. 2

.clangor, -oris, m. ----shout, resounding sound, blast, blare. 3

.claresco, clarescere clarui. ----to become loud, clear, ; be notorious. 5

.clarus, -a -um, ----clear, bright, famous; infamous. Vir Clarus ="Sir" 2

.classis, - is, f. ----a class of society, (Rome had five); the draft (military); the fleet (military); any class. 2

.claudo, claudere clausi clausum. ----to close, shut off, conceal, blockade (military) terminate. 1

.claudus, -a -um ----lame, defective, halting (of poetry, speech)... ! 3

.claustrum, -i, n. ----a bolt to lock a door, prison, a barrier. 2

.clavus, -i, m. ----nail, hobnail, spike, the tiller of a ship, purple band on the senatorial toga, 5

.clemens, -entis ----mild, lenient, gentle. 2

.clementia, -ae, f. ----mildness, gentleness, mercy. 3

.cliens, -entis, m. ----dependent, client. 2

.clientela, -ae ----clientship, clients as a group. 2

.clipeus, -i, m. and clipeum -i, n. ----a small (metal) round shield. 3

.coacervo, -are ----to pile up, heap up in a pile. 5

.coactus, -a -um ----contrived, forced, compulsory (legal). 3

.coemo, -emere -emi -emptum ----to buy up. 3

.coeo, -ire -ii -ivi -itum ----to come together, be contracted or compressed, 1

.(coepio) coepere coepi, coeptum. ----to begin. 1

.coerceo, -cere -cui -citum ----to force, restrain, constrict, control. 2

.coetus, (coitus.) -us, m. ----coming together, a gang, group, society. 2

.cogitatio, -onis, f. ----thinking, reflection, mind, opinion. 2

.cogito, -are ----to think, consider, imagine. 1

.cognatio, -onis, f. ----blood relationship, kinship, affinity. 3

.cognatus, -a -um ----kindred, related, (Engl. cognate). 3

.cognitio, -onis ----knowing, learning, an investigation (legal). 3

.cognitor, -oris, m. ----one who knows, an attorney. 4

.cognomen, -inis, n. ----last name, family name. 1

.cognominis, -e ----synonymous, same-named. 4

.cognosco, -gnoscere -gnovi -gnitum ----to know, learn about, investigate (legal), get acquainted with, 1

.cogo, cogere coegi. coactum. ----to bring together, gather (troops), coerce, force. 1

.cohaereo, -haerere -haesi -haesum ----to cohere, stick together. 5

.cohibeo, -ere -ui -itum ----to hold together, constrain,restrain. 4

.cohors, -tis, f., -tis, f. ----a troop of soldiers, cohort, bodyguard, staff of an official 1

.cohortatio, -onis, f. ----encouragement. 3

.cohortor, -ari, dep. ----to encourage. 3

.collaudo, -are ----praise strongly, extoll, sing the praises of.. 2

.collectio, -onis f. ----a gathering together 3

.collega, -ae m. ----colleague, associate 3

.collegium, -ii n. ----board, association; review board 3

.colligo, -are ----tie, bind together 3

.colligo, -ere ----bring together, ; collect 2

.collis, -is, m. ----hill, hillock, hilly ground. 2

.colloco, -are ----establish; place as a loan or investment ; give in marriage 2

.colloquium, -ii n. ----conference, talking together, discussion 1

.colloquor, -i ----talk together, discuss; confer on a topic 2

.colluceo, -ere ----shine, be aglow, resplendent 3

.collum, -i, n. (collus -, m.) ----neck (of a person), any neck-like shape (stem of flower, neck of a bottle, ). 2

.collustro, -are ----look at, watch, look over... 3

.colo, colere colui. cultum. ----to live in, cultivate land, cultivate a deity by worship. 1

.colonia, -ae, f. ----a settlement, colony. 2

.colonus, -i, m. ----a farmer, member of a planned Roman "settlement" on the frontiers. 3

.color, (colos) -oris, m. ----color, coloring, shade, hue. 1

.coluber, -bri, m. ----snake. 3

.columba, -ae, f. ----dove ; (bird of Venus) "my lovey-dove!". 3

.columna, -ae, . ----a pillar, column. 4

.coma, -ae, f. ----a head of hair, locks, fleece, foliage. 3

.comans, -antis ----having long hair, crested, covered with foliage, a comet (trail like hair). 4

.comburo, -urere -ussi -ustum ----to burn up completely cremate. 2

.comes, -itis, c. ----companion, an assistant, associate. 1

.comissatio, -onis, f. ----feasting, revelling. 4

.comitatus, - us, m. ----escort, train, retinue. 2

.comitium, -i, n. ----voting assembly (legal, judicial). 2

.comitor, -ari, dep. ----to accompany, attend, escort. 2

.commeatus, -us, m. ----going back and forth, trade, commerce 2

.commemoratio, -onis, f. ----recalling, recollection, recalling (legal). 3

.commemoro, -are ----to recall, refer back to, record. 3

.commendatio, -onis, f. ----entrusting (legal), recommendation. 3

.commendo, -are ----to entrust, recommend, point out the agreeable characteristics of.... 2

.commeo, -are ----to travel back and forth (as of salesman); be carried back and forth (products). 5

.comminus, adv. ----near, face to face, at close hand (hunting, fighting, arguing). 2

.commisceo, -miscere -miscui -mixtum ----to mix together, combine, make love; mix (racially). 3

.committo, -mittere -misi -um ----to bring together, engage (in battle), entrust to... (legal). commit 2

.commodus, -a -um ----convenient, easy, useful, nice. 2

.commonefacio, -facere -feci (-e- is long), -factum ----to remind, warn (a person), recall (a thing). 3

.commoror, -ari, dep. ----to delay, dally, remain, dwell (verbally) on 3

.commoveo, -movere -movi -motum ----to arouse, disturb, cause a commotion (war), bother. 1

.communico, -are ----to share, unite, hold in common, discuss. 2

.communio, -ire ----to surround with walls (mil.), reinforce. 5

.communio, -onis, f. ----sharing, partnership, common possession. 3

.communis, -e, adj. ----in common (legal), public, common to the public. 1

.commmutatio, -onis, f. ----exchange 3

.commuto, -are ----to change entirely, alter, exchange, substitute. 2

.como, comere compsi. comptum. ----, do up the hair; fancify, beautify in writing. 3

.compages, -is, f. ----bond, joining, joint, framework. 2

.comparatio, -onis, f., ----buying, preparation-making, (From vb. paro buy.) 3

.comparatio, -onis, f. ----comparison, (this word is from par equal) 2

.comparo, -are ----to buy, prepare. 1

.comparo, -are ----to compare. 2

.compello, -pellere -puli -pulsum ----to drive together (cattle, armies, winds, waves), constrict, coerce. 2

.compello, -are ----to speak out, speak to..., accuse, reprove 2

.comperio, -ire -i -itum ----to find out, investigate, learn, prove. 2

.competitor, -oris, m. ----rival candidate (politics). 4

.complector, - i -plexus, dep. ----to put the arms around, embrace, grasp. 1

.compleo, - plere -plevi -pletum ----to fill up, fill out make complete. 1

.complexus, -us, m. ----embrace, grasp, comprehension (mental), combination. 2

.complures, -ium ----several, quite a few, many. 3

.compono, -ponere -posui -positum ----to place together, put together, draw up (troops), arrange. 1

.comporto, -are ----to carry into one place, collect. 3

.comprehendo, -prehendere -prehendi -prehensum (-prendo -prendere -prendi ----to sieze, grasp, bind together, comprehend. 1

.comprimo, -primere -pressi -pressum ----to compress, restrain, be restrained; rape. 2

.comprobo, -are ----to approve, prove, prove something. 2

.conatus, - us, m. ----an effort, attempt, push. 3

.concavus, -a -um ----hollow or sunken, concave. 3

.concedo, -cedere -cessi -cessum ----to withdraw, give away, yield, admit. 1

.concelebro, -are ----to honor publicly, throng, make known publicly. 3

.concerto, -are ----to contend, dispute. 5

.concha, -ae, f. ----shell, shellfish, sea-shell ; the murex which provides the purple dye of royalty). 3

.concido, -cidere -cidi ----to fall, collapse, fall (empires), fail 2

.concido, -cidere -cidi -cisum ----to cut up, chop into pieces 2

.concilio, -are ----to bring together, introduce for an association, fix it up with. . . 5

.concilium, -i, n. ----popular assembly, a society or club, a council. 2

.concipio, -cipere -cepi -ceptum ----to conceive (sexually), conceive (ideas), perceive. 2

.concito, -are ----to stir up, arouse, bother, incite. 2

.concitus, -a -um ----fast moving, headlong 5

.conclamo, -are ----to shout out, yell out a signal (mil.), lament. 2

.concludo, -cludere -clusi -clusum ----to close up, close off, conclude (mentally). 2

.concordia, -ae, f. ----agreement, peace, an agreement, concord. 2

.concors, -dis ----agreeing, concordant with, harmonious. 2

.concretus, -a -um ----ground together, melted; fused 4

.concupisco, -piscere -pivi or -pii -pitum ----to desire, lust after, covet. 3

.concurro, -currere -curri (or -cucurri) -cursum ----to run together, engage in battle, come together (i.e. agree). 1

.concurso, -are ----to run together, course back and forth. 3

.concursus, -us, m. ----crowd, assemblage, concourse, attack (military). 2

.concutio, -cutere -cussi -cussum ----to strike, smash against, drive into action. 2

.condemno, -are ----to condemn (legal), convict; blame (non-legal). 2

.condensus, -a -um ----dense. 4

.condicio, -onis, f. ----agreement (political), contract (legal), arrangement. 2

.condo, -dere -didi -ditum ----to put away (food), bury, hide, found a city, originate a custom, 1

.condono, -are ----to give as a gift, free from an obligation, hand over, pardon. 3

.conduco, -ducere -duxi -ductum ----to collect, bring together, hire, rent, be profitable, bear on (ideas). 2

.confero, - ferre -tuli -latum ----to bring together, share, compare, 1

.confertus, -a -um ----crowded together 4

.confessio, -onis, f. ----admission, confession. 3

.confestim, adv. ----immediately, without delay. 3

.conficeo, -ficere -feci -fectum ----to do, perform, bring to completion, finish; finish off (kill). 1

.confido, -fidere -fisus sum ----to trust. 5

.configo, -figere -fixi -fixum ----to fasten together, transfix (military). 2

.confinium, -i, n. ----a common boundary, a border (geographical). 3

.confio, -ieri ----to be done, happen, be made manifest. 3

.confirmatio, -onis, f. ----firming up, confirmation (ideas), proof (legal or rhetoric). 3

.confirmo, - are ----to make firm, strengthen (military), confirm, affirm. 2

.confiteor, -fiteri -fessus sum, dep. ----to confess, admit, disclose a fact. 2

.conflagro, -are ----to burn down, be destroyed (by fire), become enraged. 3

.conflictatus, -a -um ----harassed; assailed 3

.confligo., - fligere -flixi -flictum ----to smash together, disagree verbally. 3

.conflo, -are ----(blow together: not so used), to blow on a flame, blow up a lie, stir up anything, 2

.confluo, -fluere -fluxi ----to flow together (rivers), flock together (people, supplies). 2

.conformatio, -onis, f. ----shape, nature, form (rhetoric). 4

.conformo, -are ----to shape, fashion, cast into a certain mold, educate. 3

.confringo, -fringere -fregi -fractum ----to break up, break down. 3

.confugio, -fugere -fugi ----to flee, get away, find away, find a refuge. 2

.confundo, -fundere -fudi -fusum ----to mingle (liquids), spread around, disorder, confuse. 1

.congemo, -gemere -gemui ----to groan. 5

.congero, -gerere -gessi -gestum ----to bring together, pile up, confer (honor, shame.). 2

.congredior, -gredi -gressus ----to approach, approach (mil.) for battle, contend (legal). 3

.congrego, -are ----to bring together, collect. 3

.congressus, -us, m. ----meeting, compact, encounter (mil.). 3

.conicio, -icere -ieci -ectum ----to hurl together, shoot a weapon, aim at something. 2

.coniectura, -ae, f. ----conjecture, surmise, prophecy. 2

.conifer, -fera -ferum ----(cone-bearing) pine tree (a gymnosperm). 5

.conitor, -niti -nisus or nixus, dep. ----to strain, try very hard to, (physical or mental effort). ()

.coniugium, -i, n. ----marriage, union of man and woman. 3

.coniunctio, -onis, f. ----any joining together, literary composition, a bond between friends. 2

.coniungo, - iungere -iunxi -iunctum ----to join together, marry, join forces, communicate. 1

.coniunx, (coniux.) -iugis, c. ----marriage partner, 4

.coniuratio, -onis, f. ----conspiracy bound by an oath. 3

.coniuro, - are ----to swear together, conspire. 2

.coniveo, (conniveo) -nivere -nivi or nixi ----to squint, close the eyes, (hence) connive, overlook a purpose. 3

.conor, -ari, dep. ----to try, make an attempt to. . .. 1

.conquiesco, -quiescere -quievi -quietum ----to rest from...., repose, cease activity. 2

.conquiro, -quirere -quisivi -quisitum ----to search out, investigate. 3

.consanguineus., -a -um ----of a blood relative. 3

.consanguinitas, - atis, f. ----relationship by blood. 4

.consceleratus, -a -um ----wicked, criminal. 4

.conscendo, -scendere -scendi -scensum ----get up on (a ship, horse, mountain, high position). 2

.conscientia, -ae, f. ----awareness of something, (also) inner awareness =conscience. 2

.conscisco, -sciscere -scivi and -scii -scitum ----to decide, decree. 5

.conscius, -a -um ----having knowledge of, aware of; guilty-minded. 2

.conscribo, - scribere -scripsi -scriptum ----to write down, write about, write to someone; conscribe soldiers (enlist). 3

.consecro, -are ----to make sacred, immortalize, holify; forfeit as under a curse 2

.consector, -ari, dep. ----to pursue, follow after,persecute. 3

.consensio, -onis, f. ----an agreement. 4

.consensus, -us, m. ----agreement. 3

.consentio, -sentire -sensi -sensum ----to agree with, harmonize with, have sympathy with, 2

.consequor, -sequi -secutus, dep. ----to follow after, follow logically, seek after, pursue. 3

.consero, -serere -sevi -situm ----to sow seed, plant. 3

.conservo, -are ----to preserve, keep unchanged, observe.... 2

.consessus, -us, m. ----an assembly. 4

.considero, -are ----to consider, contemplate, observe closely 2

.consido, -sidere -sedi -sessum ----to sit down, take up a settled position (mil.), settle down (on land). 2

.consiliarius, -a -um ----advising; (m. as subst.) adviser. 4

.consilium, -i, n. ----counsel, counselling, debate, a council, a decision. 1

.consimilis, -e ----similar. 3

.consisto, - sistere -stiti -stitum ----to take a stand (i.e. come to a stop), settle down, remain, 2

.consolor, -ari, dep. ----to console. 3

.consono, -sonare -sonui ----to sound together (harmoniously), make a good sound; harmonize (in principle). 3

.conspectus, -a -um ----visible, obvious. 4

.conspicio, -spicere -spexi -spectum ----to see, perceive, observe, grasp mentally. 2

.conspicor, -ari, dep. ----to catch sight of. 3

.conspiratio, -onis, f. ----agreement, conspiracy (illegal). 3

.conspiro, -are ----to agree, be in accord; conspire (illegally). 2

.constanter, adv. ----resolutely, firmly 4

.constantia, -ae, f. ----firmness, resoluteness, persistence. 2

.consterno, -sternere -stravi -stratum ----to cover over (as with a rug or blanket); strew.. 3

.consterno, - are ----to confuse, drive frantic, 3

.constipo, -are ----to crowd together. 5

.constituo, -stituere -stitui -stitutum ----to place, locate, dispose (troops), establish (a state, colony, 2

.consto, -stare -stiti -statum ----to stand still (i.e. stop), exist, stand together with... (i.e. agree). 1

.constringo, -stringere -strinxi -strictum ----to tie together, bind, firm up (the muscles). 3

.consuesco, -suescere -suevi -suetum ----to become accustomed to..., used to... have a habit of.... 1

.consuetudo, -inis, f. ----custom, habit, familiarity, use. 2

.consul, -sulis, m. ----a consul (two elected top magistrates),

.consularis, -e ----consular, (see consul). 2

.consulatus, -us, m. ----consulship. 3

.consulo, -sulere -sului -sultum ----to consult, decide, make an important decision, 3

.consumo, -sumere -sumpsi -sumptum ----to consume, use up, waste, destroy, spend money... on. 2

.consurgo, -surgere -surrexi -surrectum ----to rise up (from bed), rise up (of a group), rise up (from seed), rise up(mil.). 2

.contabulo, -are ----to cover with boards (tabulae), put up a bridge (of wood). 5

.contactus, -us, m. ----contact, touching, contagion. 3

.contamino, -are ----to contaminate, ruin, dishonor. 2

.contego, -tegere -texi -tectum ----to cover over, (hence) hide, conceal. 2

.contemno, -temnere -tempsi -temptum ----to despise, look down at, avoid, 2

.contemptio, -onis, f. ----scorn, disregard. 4

.contemptus, -a -um ----scorned, despicable. 4

.contemptus, -us, m. ----contempt, disdain. 4

.contendo, -tendere -tendi -tentum ----to stretch out, extend oneself, press forth, contend... with, . 2

.contentus, -a -um ----(from contineo), content, satisfied. 4

.contentio, -onis, f. ----straining, competing, dispute, contention. 2

.conterreo, -ere ----to scare, terrify. 4

.contestor, -ari, dep. ----call up as a witness, litigate (legal). 4

.contexo, -texere -texui -textum ----to weave together, intertwine, connect, 2

.conticesco, (conticisco.) -ticescere -ticui ----to become silent, stand by (idly) in silence. 3

.continentia, -ae, f. ----self-control. 4

.contineo, -tinere -tinui -tentum ----hold closely together, retain, maintain, 1

.contingo, -tingere -tigi -tactum ----to touch, contact, get in touch with ; affect touchingly; come to pass. 1

.continuatio, -onis, f. ----extension, continuance, a continuum, a continuous sentence structure. 3

.continuus, -a -um ----continuous, unbroken. 2

.contio, -onis, f. ----a public meeting (political or religious), audience at a meeting. 2

.contionator, -oris, m. ----speaker in public assembly (pejorative), agitator. 5

.contorqueo, -torquere -torsi -tortum ----to twist up, spin around, whirl, 2

.contra, adv. ----opposite, against, otherwise ; As prep. with acc., opposite. 1

.contraho, -trahere -traxi -tractum ----to draw in, contract, compress; depress (emotionally). 1

.contrarius, -a -um ----contrary, opposing (mil.), hostile 2

.contremisco, -tremiscere -tremui = contremesco ----to tremble with fear. 4

.controversia, -ae, f. ----dispute, argument; debate theme 4

.contumelia, -ae, f. ----an insult. 2

.contundo, -tundere -tudi -tusum ----to crush to a pulp, beat, subdue (mil.). 3

.contus, -i, m. ----a pole, spear; pole used to propel gondola-like skiffs. 4

.conubium, -i n. ----second-class marriage.. 1

.conus, -i m. ----the cone or pointed tip on top of a helmet 5

.convallis, -is, f. ----a glen. 5

.convecto, -are ----to collect. 5

.convello, -vellere -velli -vulsum ----to tug at, pluck at, shake up, subvert (political.). 2

.convenio, -venire -veni -ventum ----to come together, come together in agreement, converge (geom.) 1

.conventus, -us, m. ----coming together, assembly, a (legal or political) assembly. 3

.converto, -vertere -verti -versum ----to rotate, turn over, turn over, turn backwards. 2

.convexus, -a -um ----convex, curved, hollowed out (=concave). ()

.convicium, n. ----a shout, yell, insult (verbal), abuse, attack. 3

.convinco, -vincere -vici -victum ----to convict (legal), convict of a mistake. 2

.convivium, -i, n. ----banquet, party. 2

.convoco, -are ----to call together, collect. 4

.convolvo, -volvere -volvi -volutum ----to roll up together, twist up, wrap about. 3

.coorior, -oriri -ortus, dep. ----to arise, be borne, rise up (mil.) = attack. 3

.copia, -ae, f. ----store, supply, abundance, a force (mil.), supply (of words). 1

.copiosus, -a -um ----rich, abundant, eloquent. 2

.copula, -ae, f. ----bond, link, tie, connective. 3

.cor, cordis n. ----the heart (as an organ) the heart as seat of the emotions 1

.coram, adv. ----face to face. 1

.corneus, -a -um ----made of cornel-wood. 5

.corneus, -a -um ----made of horn See cornu. 4

.cornipes, -pedis ----horn-footed, i.e. hoofed. 5

.cornu, -us, n. ----horn (of an animal), trumpet, horn of land (promontory), wing of an army (mil.). 1

.cornum, -i, n. ----the cornel-cherry. 5

.corona, -ae, f. ----wreath, crown ;a ring of soldiers, bystanders. 1

.corono, -are ----to give garlands,flowers, to, form a ring around 2

.corporeus., - a -um ----corporeal, fleshy. 4

.corpus, - poris, n. ----body, corpse, the body (as against head and limbs), any "body" or group. 1

.corrigo, -rigere -rexi -rectum ----to correct, straighten out, fix up. 2

.corripio, -ripere -ripui -reptum ----to grasp, sieze, attack, make smaller, contract. 2

.corroboro, -are ----to strengthen, back-up, corroborate. 3

.corrumpo, -rumpere -rupi -ruptum ----to ruin, spoil, degenerate, corrupt (politically or sexually). 2

.corruo, -ruere -rui: intrans. ----to collapse, fall down, rush together. 3

.corruptela, -ae, f. ----corrupting, bribery, seduction. 4

.corruptor, -oris, m. ----corruptor. 4

.cortex, -ticis, m. and f. ----cork (the bark of the Spanish cork tree), bark, skin or rind. 2

.cortina, -ae, f. ----a boiling cauldron, pot. 4

.corusco, -are: transit. ----to shake back and forth (objects), glitter. 3

.coruscus, -a -um ----quivering, flashing. 5

.costa, -ae f. ----a rib (of the body) ; rob of a boat, side, flank. 4

.cothurnatus, -a -um ----in buskins; hence tragic, elevated. 4

.cotidianus, or cottidianus. ----daily. 5

.cotidie, adv. ----daily, every day 1

.crassitudo, -inis, f. ----thickness, density. 3

.crassus, -a -um ----thick, fat (of persons), coarse, stupid, crass 2

.crastinus, -a -um ----pertaining to tomorrow. 3

.cratera, -ae, f. and crater -eris, m. ----a punch-bowl, any bowl-like depression (volcano), a constellation... 5

.crates, -is ----a wicker enclosure, sheep-fold, a harrow, a framework for ditching, for walling (mil.). 2

.creatrix, -icis, f. ----creator. 5

.creber, - bra -brum ----crowded, dense, packed-in, numerous. 2

.crebresco, (crebesco.) -escere -ui ----to become frequent. 5

.credo, -dere -didi -ditum ----to believe, trust, believe in, hold a belief, 1

.cremo, -are ----to burn, cremate. 3

.creo, -are ----to create, produce, create an office (political). 2

.crepito, -are ----to make a noise (which is snapping, crackling,popping; etc.). 2

.crepo, -are -ui -itum ----to make a noise (cf. crepito), characterized by a crackling sharpness, 2

.cresco, crescere crevi.(-e- is long), cretum. ----to grow, grow into existence, grow up, swell up, grow financially. 1

.crimen, -inis, n. ----accusation, arrangement before a court, crime. 1

.criminor, -ari, dep. ----to bring charges against..., accuse(legally). 3

.crinis, -is, m. ----locks of hair, a head of hair; tail of a comet. 2

.crinitus, -a -um ----having long hair, (of a comet), be-haired. 3

.crispo, -are ----to curl (hair), shake weapons; quiver in a sneer, Peers.). 5

.crista, -ae, f. ----crest of hair on a bird, helmet. 3

.cristatus, -a -um ----crested (of a bird; helmet). ()

.croceus., - a -um ----saffron (a perfume, cooking spice; bright yellow dye for textiles. 4

.cruciatus, -us, m. ----torture, pain (med.), agony (emotional). 3

.crudelis, -e, adj. ----cruel, unfeeling, merciless. 2

.crudelitas, -atis, f. ----cruelty. 3

.crudus, -a -um ----raw, uncooked-undigested, coarse (food), coarse (manners) 1

.cruentus, -a -um ----bloody, blood-thirsty, blood-colored. 2

.cruor, -oris, m. ----blood, slaughter, bloodshed. 2

.cubile, -is, n. ----bed, the marriage bed, den of an animal, base of a statue, or a wall. 2

.cubitum, -i n. ----the elbow; length of a forearm = one "cubit" 3

.culmen, -inis, n. ----top, roof, peak; a high social pre-eminence. 2

.culpa, -ae, f. ----blame, reproach, responsibility, crime. 1

.culpatus, -a -um ----guilty 3

.culter, -tri, m. ----knife. 3

.cultrix, -icis, f. fem. cultor ----cultivator, worship-er 3

.cultura, - ae, f. ----(agri)culture, culture, cultivation. 3

.cultus, -us, m. ----cultivation of land, of the mind, smartness of dress. 2

.cum, (older form quom.) conj. ----when; whenever; since. 1

.cum, prep., with abl. ----with, together with. 1

.cumulo, -are ----to heap up, pile up, increase, heighten. 4

.cumulus, -i m. ----a heap, pile 3

.cunabula, - orum, n. pl. ----cradle; origin of a people (cradle from which raised), 5

.cunctatio, -onis, f. ----delay, hesitation. 3

.cunctor, -ari, dep. ----delay, linger, hesitate, "drag one s feet". 2

.cunctus, -a -um ----all, each and every, all of them. 1

.cuneus, -i, m. ----wedge, a wedge shaped military formation. 2

.cuniculus, -i, m. ----a rabbit; rabbit hole; a conduit for water piping. 3

.cupiditas, -atis, f. ----desire, longing, lust, greedy wishing for..... 3

.cupido, -inis f. ----longing, sexual desire, Cupid(Venus son); cupidity, greed. 1

.cupidus, -a -um ----desiring, lusting after, eager for.... 2

.cupio, cupere. cupivi. or -ii -itum ----desire, want, lust for, long for; ;favor. 1

.cupressus, -i, (-us), f. ----cypress tree, wood (used at funerals), 2

.cur, (archaic quor) ----why?, wherefore?. 1

.cura, -ae, f. ----care, worry, care-taking, guardianship, (legal). 1

.curia, -ae, f. ----assembly house of the senate, the senate. 2

.curo, -are ----care for, cure (med.), attend to., take care or charge of. 1

.curriculum, -i, n. ----course, running-course, course of action, a track; chariot for racing. 2

.curro, currere. cucurri. cursum. ----run, rush, run through. 1

.currus, -us, m. ----chariot, the chariot (as symbol of triumph). 2

.cursus, -us, m. ----a running, attack (mil.), onrush (of a river, etc.), speed, a journey. 2

.curulis, -e ----curule (of administrative rank ; pertaining to the sella curulis. 3

.curvus, -a -um ----curved, bent with age, winding (rivers, etc.), "crooked" i.e. wrong 2

.custodia, -ae, f. ----a watching-over, guard, protection, watch (mil.), prison. 2

.custodio, -ire ----keep watch over, guard, protect, guard, act cautiously. 2

.custos, -odis, c. ----guard, guardian (legal), watchman, prison guard. 3

.cycnus, or cygnus. -i, m. ----the swan. 4

.cymba, -ae, f. = cumba; ----a little boat 3.

.cymbium, -i, n. ----a wine-cup (Greek word). 5

.cyparissus, -i m. ----the cypress tree (or cupressus) 3

.damnatio, -onis, f. ----conviction in court suit; conditions (legal) of a will. 3

.damno, -are ----render a decision in court, convict, condemn. 1

.daps, dapis, f. ----a sacrificial meal; feast, banquet. 2

.dator, -oris, m. ----giver. 5

.de, prep. with abl. ----from, away from, out of... ; about, concerning, in regard to.... 1

.dea, -ae, f. ----goddess. 1

.debello, - are ----battle, beat down, conquer. 4

.debeo, -ere -ui- itum ----owe (money), be bound (legally) to., be under obligation to.. 1

.debilis, - e ----weak, enfeebled, incompetent. 2

.debilito, - are ----weaken, enfeeble. 2

.decedo, - cedere -cessi -cessum ----go away, yield, withdraw, depart (from a position, mil.),

.decem, indecl. ----ten. 2

.decerno, -cernere -crevi -cretum ----distinguish, decide, make a (legal) decision, decide on... (pol.), offer a determination. 1

.decerpo, -cerpere -cerpsi -cerptum ----pluck off (fruit), pick off, snatch, steal. 2

.decerto, -are ----fight it out, fight to the finish, compete. 3

.decessus, -us, m. ----retirement (from office), "passing on" = death 4

.decet, - ere -uit, impers. 3 p.sing. only ----it is fitting,suitable, good 1

.decido, -cidere -cidi -cisum ----fall, fall over, collapse, die, (cf. cado "fall"). 2

.decimus, (older decumus) -a -um ----tenth. 3

.decipio, -cipere -cepi -ceptum ----deceive, cheat, foil. 2

.declaro, -are ----declare, make manifest, clear, testify. 2

.declinatio, -onis, f. ----swerving aside (astron.), avoiding (a topic, person). 3

.declino, -are ----swerve aside, divert one s direction, sink, decline. 2

.declivus, -e ----inclined downwards (in geog., astronomy). 3

.decoctor, -oris, m. ----spendthrift, one who boils off his estate. 5

.decor, -oris, m. ----grace, loveliness, beauty, appropriateness, 2

.decoro, -are ----decorate, honor 2

.decorus, -a -um ----good looking, decorous, nice, acceptable. 2

.decretum, -i ----a strong opinion, a decision. 2

.decumanus, (decimanus) -a -um; ----or. decimanus.

.decumates= -ium, pl. adj. ----1 0 part land divisions in prehistoric Germany 5

.decuria, -ae, f. ----an administrative committee of ten. 3

.decurro, -currere -cucurri or -curri -cursum ----run down, hurry along, flow down. 1

.decus, -oris, n. ----honor, high distinction, beauty 1

.dedecus, -oris, n. ----disgrace, dishonor, disreputable appearance. 2

.dedico, -are ----declare, state conclusively, dedicate, devote to a purpose. 2

.dedignor, -ari, dep. ----scorn, reject. 3

.deditio, -onis ----surrender (mil. legal and pol.). 3

.dedo, dedere -didi -ditum ----give over, hand over, i.e. surrender; turn oneself over to.... 2

.deduco, -ducere -duxi -ductum ----lead away, drag away, draw off, lead someone away; divert the mind. 1

.defatigatio, -onis, f. ----exhaustion. 5

.defatigo, - are ----tire-out. 3

.defectio, -onis, f. ----deficiency; defection; revolt; an eclipse. 3

.defendo, -fendere -fendi -fensum ----ward off, defend; defend a case (legal). 1

.defensio, -onis, f. ----defense, legal defense, defense of one s position (= Gr. apologia). 2

.defensor, -oris, m. ----defender (political, also legal). 3

.defero, -ferre -tuli -latum ----carry down, bring in, transport, convey, hand over information, "rat on". 1

.defessus, -a -um ----tired out, worn out, fatigued 2

.deficio, -ficere -feci -fectum ----fail, run short, run out of., fade away, die, defect (pol.). 2

.defigo, -figere -fixi fixum ----jam down, stick into, fix one s mind on.... 2

.definio, -ire ----mark out the boundaries of., limit, finish off (i.e. kill), define, state definitively. 2

.deflagro, -are ----burn up, desiccate, de destroyed by fire. 4

.defleo, -flere -flevi -fletum ----weep for, bewail. 3

.defluo, -fluere -fluxi ----flow away (rivers), flow from, flow away ; disappear, 2

.deformis, -e ----deformed, ugly, repulsive, offensive. 2

.defungor, -fungi -functus, dep. ----finish up, use up, end, die. 3

.degener, -eris ----degenerate, weak, not pure-bred ; fearful, timorous. 2

.dego, degere degi ----spend one s time, life. 3

.dehinc ----from here, hence. 2

.dehisco, -ere ----gape open (of the mouth, in amazement) 2

.deicio, -icere -ieci -iectum ----hurl, throw down, knock down, kill, drive out. 2

.deiectus, -a -um ----cast down (lit.), cast down in spirits. 4

.deiectus, -us, m. ----a slope of terrain, a flood of water. 5

.deinceps ----successively, one after another. 2

.deinde, and abbrev. dein ----then, afterwards, nest. 2

.delabor, -labi -lapsus, dep. ----fall down, away, slip away, sink (i.e. lose control). 2

.delectatio, - onis f. ----pleasure, delight, enjoyment 2

.delecto, -are ----delight, fascinate, allure 2

.deleo, -lere -levi -letum ----destroy, obliterate, exterminate, put an end to. 2

.deliberatio, -onis, f. ----deliberation (mental or verbal). 5

.delibero, -are ----deliberate, consider carefully, make a thoughtful decision about..., 2

.delicatus, -a -um ----pretty, nice, elegant, over-elegant, luxurious, pampered (as a pet), spoiled. 2

.deligo, -ligere -legi -lectum ----pick out, select. 3

.deligo, -are ----tie up, bind, restrain. 3

.delitesco, -litescere -litui ----hide, disappear, vanish. 3

.delphinus, -i, and delphin -inis, m. ----dolphin 4

.delubrum, -i, n. ----a shrine, temple. 5

.deludo, -ludere -lusi -lusum ----trick, delude. 4

.demens, -mentis ----crazy, demented. 3

.dementia, -iae f. ----craziness, insanity 2

.demeto, =ere ----reap (a harvest 3

.demigro, -are ----mow fields, gather fruit, vegetables, mow down (mil.). 5

.deminuo, -minuere -minui -minutum ----lessen, diminish, reduce, deprive. 2

.deminutio, -onis, f. ----lessening, diminution. 2

.demitto, -mittere -misi -missum ----drop, let drop, let fall, make fall, let hang down. 1

.demo, demere dempsi demptum ----take away, remove. 2

.demonstro, -are ----point out, indicate, demonstrate, indicate that.... 2

.demoror, -ari, dep. ----delay (oneself or another), hang around, hold up. 3

.demum ----at (long) last, finally. 2

.denego, -are ----deny, refute. 3

.deni, -ae -a ----by tens. 3

.denique, adv. ----at last, finally, as a last point (in an argument); to sum up, 2

.denoto, -are ----mark, point out, mark down, find fault with. 4

.dens, dentis, m. ----tooth (as such), anything tooth-shaped. 1

.densus, -a -um ----thick, compressed, condensed; frequent. 2

.denuntio, -are ----denounce, give warning that... 2

.depasco, -pascere -pavi -pastum and depascor -pasci, dep. ----feed on, eat up, devour, graze on, consume (by fire). 3

.depello, -pellere -puli -pulsum ----push away, drive off, make...yield. 2

.dependeo, -ere ----hang down; depend on, be derived from. 3

.dependo, -pendere -pendi -pensum ----weigh out, pay out (money), expend (effort). 4

.deperdo, -perdere -perdidi -perditum ----lose, (pass.) be lost (i.e. be destroyed). 3

.depereo, -perire -perii ----perish, die, die (of love), be desperately in love. 3

.deploro, -are ----weep for, lament, despair of.... 3

.depono, ponere posui (posivi) positum ----place, locate, set, pitch (camp, mil.); place (money out at loan) 2

.depopulo ----or depopulor 3

.depopulor, -ari, dep. ----strip (a country of population), strip bare, ravage; ruin. 3

.deporto, -are ----carry away, deport (from one place to another), transport. 2

.deposco, -poscere -poposci ----demand strongly request, make a requisition. 2

.depravo, - are ----distort, deform, twist a meaning. 3

.deprecator, -oris, m. ----an intercessor in the name of clemency. 4

.deprecor, -ari, dep. ----pray, pray for, beg mercy. 2

.deprehendo, and deprendo -endere -endi -ensum ----sieze, come up and grab, discover as a surprise. 2

.deprimo, -primere -pressi -pressum ----push down, weigh down, sink, reduce in position. 2

.depromo, -promere -prompsi -promptum ----bring out, bring forth (a bottle of wine, an arrow, an idea). 3

.derectus, -a -um ----straight, exact 2

.derelinquo, -liquere -liqui -lictum ----leave behind, neglect, leave (in a will), abandon. 3

.deriguit ----became rigid with fear, (perfect only!) 5

.deripio, -ripere -ripui -reptum ----pull, tear down, remove, rip-off. 3

.desaevio, -ire -ii -itum ----rage, seethe with violence. 5

.descendo, -scendere -scendi -scensum ----go down, descend, slope, descend to..., go "downtown". 1

.descensus, -us, m. ----descent. 5

.describo, -scribere -scripsi -scriptum ----make a drawing of, describe in words, 2

.desero, -serere -serui -sertum ----withdraw, desert, abandon, be deserted by.... 2

.desiderium, -i n. ----longing, desire, yearning for; O My Love! 1

.desidero, -are ----desire, want, long for 1

.desido, -sidere -sedi ----settle down, subside, sink. 5

.designo, -are ----design, trace out, indicate, appoint, plan for. 2

.desilio, -silire -silui -sultum ----jump down, dismount (from a horse). 3

.desino, -sinere -sii -situm ----leave off, cease, come to the end of.... 2

.desisto, -sistere -stiti -stitum ----cease, desist from., avoid (a person). 5

.despecto, -are ----look over, down over, overlook. 4

.despectus, -a -um ----despised. 5

.despectus, -us, m. ----viewed from above; viewed with contempt (nose up, looking down at..). 4

.desperatio, -onis, f. ----despair. 4

.despero, -are ----despair of..., lose all hope, (the word at the entry to Dante s Hell. 4

.despicio, -spicere -spexi -spectum ----look down, survey, gaze over; despise, "look down at". 2

.despolio, -are ----rob, plunder, strip (the clothes off). 5

.destino, -are ----fix fast, aim, intend to..., destine, designate. 1

.destitutus, -a -u ----abandoned, destitute 3

.destringo, -stringere -strinxi -strictum ----scrape down (bathing), graze, strip off (clothes), strip out (a sword). 2

.destruo, -struere -struxi -structum ----destroy, ruin. 4

.desuesco, -suescere -suevi -suetum ----become unaccustomed to... 4

.desum, -esse -fui ----be lacking, fail. 1

.desuper, adv. ----from above. 3

.deterior, -ius, genit. -oris, ----worse, (in all senses of this word: physical, eugenic, moral, political). 2

.deterreo, -terrere -terrui -territum ----frighten off, scare, terrify, deter (by fright). 3

.detestor, -ari, dep. ----lay a curse on someone; hate, abhor. 3

.detineo, -tinere -tinui -tentum ----hold on to, detain, retain, keep, keep going (as against finishing it). 2

.detorqueo, -torquere -torsi -tortum ----twist away, turn aside, dis-tort. 2

.detraho, -trahere -traxi -tractum ----draw away, drag off, pull apart, dislodge troops (mil.), remove. 5

.detrimentum, -i, n. ----harm, loss damage. 5

.detrudo, - trudere -trusi -trusum ----push off, thrust away, compel. 2

.deturbo, -are ----tumble down, topple over. 3

.deus, - i, m. ----a god; God; a dead and deified Emperor. See divus. 1

.devenio, -venire -veni -ventum ----come upon, visit, chance upon, fall into. 2

.devincio, -vincere -vici -victum ----tie up, bind, bind together, dominate, put under obligation. 2

.devoco, -are ----call away, down. 4

.devolo, -are ----swoop down, fly down, rush, hurry. 5

.devolvo, -volvere -volvi -volutum ----roll down, cause to roll down, roll back. 3

.devoveo, -vovere -vovi -votum ----offer to a deity; lay down a curse; doom to a given fate. 5

.dexter, -tera -terum, (or -tra -trum) ----right handed, on the right, lucky, favorable. 1

.dicio, -onis, f. ----power, rule. 4

.dico, -are ----indicate, dedicate, consecrate, devote to... 2

.dco, dicere dixi dictum ----speak, say, declare, name, make a statement (leg.). 1

.dictator, -oris, m. ----dictator (in the Roman sense only). 3

.dictio, -onis, f. ----(public) speaking, an utterance, a speech, word. 3

.dictito, -are ----repeat, say over and over; plead cases 3

.diduco, -ducere -duxi -ductum ----take apart, pull apart, separate. 2

.dies, -ei, m. ----the day, a day, daylight, 1

.differo, differe distuli dilatum ----carry away, disperse, spread about, put off (an appointment, etc.); differ, be different; confuse. 2

.difficilis, -e ----hard to do, difficult, difficult (of people). 2

.difficultas, -atis, f. ----difficulty; intractability (of persons). 5

.diffido, -fidere -fisus sum ----have no confidence in, distrust. 3

.diffugio, -fugere -fugi -fugitum ----flee, scatter. 3

.diffundo, -fundere -fudi -fusum ----pour out, diffuse, spread (of a liquid), expand. 2

.digero, -gere -gessi -gestum ----scatter, disperse, distribute. 2

.digitus, -i, m. ----finger, (toe), width of one finger = inch, (Note that dactylus, often used in Latin= digitus is the Greek equivalent of digitus). 2

.dignitas, -atis, f. ----worthiness, rank, status, a particular high position, importance. 2

.dignor ----or digno 2

.digno, -are, and dignor -ari, dep., ----consider worthy; deign to.., 2

.dignus, -a -um ----worthy, deserving. 1

.digredior, -gredi -gressus, dep. ----go away, depart; leave the topic = digress. 3

.disgressus, -us m. ----departure 3

.diiudico, -are ----distinguish, judge; settle a suit by judging. 3

.dilabor, -labi -lapsus, dep. ----flow, slip away, run off, escape, disintegrate. 2

.dilatio, -onis, f. ----postponement. 5

.dilectus, -a -um ----dear, beloved. 3

.dilectus, - us, m. ----choice; selection of soldiers (mil.). 3

.diligens, -entis ----diligent, careful, parsimonious; fond of. 3

.diligentia, -ae, f. ----attentiveness; thrift. 4

.diligo, -ligere -lexi -lectum ----prize, value, love; (also) like. 2

.dilucesco, -lucescere -luxi ----to dawn, become light. 4

.dimetior, -metiri -mensus, dep. ----measure out; weigh. 3

.dimicatio, -onis, f. ----fight, struggle, battle. 3

.dimico, -are, -avi ----fight, contend, battle with... 3

.dimidius, -a -u ----half 2

.dimitto, -mittere -misi -missum ----send away, dismiss, dismiss an army, divorce (a wife), release.. 2

.dimoveo, -movere -movi -motum ----separate, move apart, remove, shuffle. 3

.dinumero, -are ----number up, count 2

.directe, adv. ----in a straight line 2

.direptio, -onis ----plundering. 4

.dirigo, -rigere -rexi -rectum ----set in a line, arrange, direct, shoot = direct (weapons); identify mentally. 2

.dirimo, -imere -emi -emptum ----take away, separate, pull apart, destroy. 2

.diripio, -ripere -ripui -reptum ----rip apart, grab, steal, seize (loot). 2

.dirus, -a -um ----awful, dreadful, frightful. 2

.dis, ditis ----rich, wealthy, 2

.discedo, -cedere -cessi -cessum ----depart, disperse, go away, cease from.... 1

.discerno, -cernere -crevi -cretum ----separate (mentally), distinguish. 2

.discessus, -us, m. ----3

.disciplina, - ae, f. ----training, a discipline as study, discipline. 2

.discludo, -cludere -clusi -clusum ----dis-include, i.e. bar out, keep out.. 3

.disco, discere didici ----learn, get to be acquainted with, know, learn, i.e. be informed of. 1

.discolor, -oris ----of several colors, (not Eng. "discolored"), (More common but equal in meaning is varius -a -um, "many colored"). 4

.discordia, -ae, f. ----discord, difference of ideas. 3

.discors, -cordis ----discordant, incongruous, not fitting well together. 2

.discribo, -scribere -scripsi -scriptum ----lay out, apportion, divide up, distribute. 3

.discrimen, -inis, n. ----division, the dividing line 2

.discumbo, -cumbere -cubui -cubitum ----lie down, go to bed, go to dinner (on couches) 3

.discurro, -currere -cucurri and -curri -cursum ----run off in various directions. 3

.disicio, disicere didieci disiectum ----break up, throw out on all sides; dis-pell. 2

.disiungo, (diiungo) -iungere -iunxi -iunctum ----unyoke, separate, dis-join, separate (mentally). 2

.dispar, -paris ----unequal, dissimilar. 2

.dispello, -pellere -puli -pulsum ----drive away, separate in two. 4

.dispendium, -i, n. ----expense, cost, loss of time. 5

.dispergo, -spergere -spersi -spersum ----spread about, scatter, extend. 3

.dispertio, -ire and dep. dispertior -iri ----divide up, distribute into groups. 3

.dispicio, -spicere -spexi -spectum ----look with care, inspect, see. 2

.dispono, -ponere -ponui -positum ----place, order, locate, put in any order, arrange, ordain. 2

.disputatio, -onis, f. ----argument, debate. 3

.disputo, -are ----argue, reason out, debate. 2

.dissemino, -are ----broadcast (as seed), distribute. 4

.dissensio, -onis, f. ----disagreement, discrepancy. 3

.dissentio, -sentire -sensi -sensum ----disagree, differ. 2

.dissilio, -sillire -silui ----leap apart. 5

.dissimilis, -e ----unlike, dissimilar. 3

.dissimulo, -are ----conceal, disguise (something), fake. 2

.dissipo, or dissupo -are ----spread around, scatter (rumors), waste and dissipate. 2

.dissolvo, -solvere -solvi -solutum ----dissolve, break up, solve, pay off a debt (financial), wear down, dissolve. 2

.distendo, -tendere -tendi -tentum ----stretch apart, stretch out, strain the mind. 2

.distineo, -tinere -tinui -tentum ----hold apart, hold off, split up, distract (i.e.) hold apart. 5

.disto, -are ----stand apart, be far from, be different from; (impersonal: distat = there is a difference). 2

.distribuo, -uere -ui -utum ----divide up, distribute, divide into subsets. 2

.distringo, -stringere -strinxi -strinctum ----stretch apart, pull apart, pull in different directions (of the mind). 5

.diu, adv. ----by day, (rare word, opposite of noctu, "by night"). 5

.diu, adv. ----for a long time, further, longer. 1

.diurnus, -a -um ----of the day time, daylight; daily. 3

.diutinus, -a -um ----long-lasting, of long standing. 3

.diuturnitas, -atis, f. ----the course of time, longevity, long-lastingness. 3

.diuturnus, -a -um ----long-lasting. 3

.divello, -vellere -velli -vulsum (-volsum) ----pull apart,separate.from, break up (an association). 2

.diversus, -a -um ----turned into two or more directions; separate, distant from each other, differing 1

.dives, -vitis ----rich, rich in..., wealthy. 2

.divido, -videre -visi -visum ----divide, keep away, divide up, distribute, separate. 1

.divinitus, adv. ----by divine inspiration. 3

.divinus, -a -um ----divine, godlike, religious; prophesizing. 1

.divitiae, -arum, f. pl. ----wealth (monetary), wealth of natural resources in a country. 2

.divus, -a -um ----a god; deified emperor (after death and Senate s ratification). 3

.do, dare dedi datum ----give, give (the right to...), grant, give...(in marriage), any act of "giving" 1

.doceo, docere docui doctum ----tell, inform, teach, instruct as to how to. 1

.doctrina, -ae, f. ----teaching, a branch of learning, study. 3

.doleo, dolere dolui ----hurt, grieve, (impersonal) it grieves.one. 1

.dolor, -oris, n. ----pain, grief, resentment. 2

.dolus, -i, m. ----trick, deceit, guile. 2

.domesticus, -a -um ----belonging to the household, domestic 2

.domestici n. pl. ----"domestics, servants"). 2

.domicilium, -i, n. ----dwelling, home, domicile. 3

.dominor, -ari, dep. ----rule, rule over. 3

.dominus, -i, m. ----master, manager, ruler, lord, M lord. 2

.domitor, -oris, m. ----tamer. 5

.domo, domare domui domitum ----subdue (mil.), dominate, tame animals, cultivate (land). 1

.domus, -us, f. ----house, home, 1

.donec, (older donicum), adv. ----until, so long as; while. 2

.dono, -are ----give as a gift, hand over to..., condone = excuse (give the gift of amnesty). 1

.donum, -i, n. ----gift, present, a great benefit, a prize. 2

.dormio, -ire ----sleep, rest; be asleep = idle. 2

.dorsum, -i, n. ----the back (of men, animals, for carrying), any back-like ridged surface. 3

.dotalis, -e ----belonging to or forming a dowry. 3

.draco, -onis, m. ----a snake. 4

.dubitatio, -onis, f. ----doubt, unsureness, hesitation. 3

.dubito, -are ----question, doubt that..., be of two minds about..., wonder about.... 2

.dubius, - a -um ----uncertain, doubtful, questioning, hesitant, of doubtful outcome. 1

.ducenti, -orum ----two hundred 1

.duco, ducere duxi ductum ----lead, lead oneself to..., marry (ducere in matrimonium), lead troops (mil.), think,consider, ponder 1

.ductor, -oris, m. ----leader (mil.); captain of a ship. 5

.ductus, -us, m. ----command, leadership, aqueduct (with aquae..), movement. 2

.dudum, adv. ----once, a while ago; "iam-dudum" for some time now. 2

.dulcis, -e ----sweet in taste, sweet water(not salty), sweet in sound, pleasant, kind. 1

.dum, adv. ----in the meantime. 1

.dum, conj. ----while, since, as long as (conditional), until. 1

.dumus, -i, m. ----brier. 4

.duo, - ae -o ----two. 1

.duodecim ----twelve. 3

.duodecimus, -a -um ----twelfth. 4

.duodeni, -ae -a ----twelve at a time or twelve each. 4

.duodeviginti ----two from twenty (literally) = eighteen! 2

.duplex, -plicis ----double, doubled, dual. 2

.duplico, -are ----double, fold double. 2

.duro, -are ----harden (liquids, feelings, etc.), to harden oneself (emotionally), endure, continue. 1

.durus, -a -um ----hard, harsh, tough, insensitive, stiff, hard to endure, (A word of the people, like Eng. "It s tough"). 1

.dux, ducis, c. ----leader (mil., pol.), a leader, driver of a vehicle, shepherd. 1

.e, ex prep. with abl. ----out of, from, away from 1

.ebriosus, -a -um ----alcoholic (of persons). 4

.ebur, -oris, n. ----ivory. 3

.eburneus, or eburnus -a -um ----made of ivory. 4

.ecce, interj. ----behold!, (takes nom. not acc. "object"). 2

.ecquis, ecquid, interrog. ----is it (true) that? can it be that?. 3

.edax, -acis, f. ----eating, gluttonous. 3

.edico, -dicere -dixi -dictum ----declare, give public notice, proclaim an edict. 4

.edissero, -serere -serui -sertum ----to set forth, relate. 5

.edo, -ere or esse, edi (-e- is long), esum ----to eat, consume, devour, (note 3rd sg. pres. is st !). 4

.edo, -dere- didi -ditum ----put forth, bring forth, produce 1

.edoceo, -docere -docui -doctum ----to instruct thoroughly. 3

.educo, - are ----lead forth (mil.), draw forth, bring forth (offspring), lead up from childhood) or educate 4

.effemino, -are ----emasculate, make unmanly; castrate. 3

.effero, -are ----wild beast). 3

.effero, (ecfero) efferre extuli elatum ----to bring out, display, show off, carry away, 1

.efferus, -a -um ----wild, savage. 3

.effetus, -a -um ----having given birth (fetus), feeble, effete. 4

.efficio, -ficere -feci -fectum ----to make, manufacture, cause, effect, produce. 1

.effigies, -ei or effigia -ae, f. ----statue, painting, copy; appearance; ghost. 2

.effingo, -fingere -finxi -fictum ----fashion, mould, form, portray (in artwork), portray (in words), copy, reproduce. 2

.effodio, -fodere -fodi -fossum ----to dig, dig up, dig out, gouge out. 2

.effor, (ecfor) -fari -fatus ----to speak out, say, proclaim, (the form effor is not attested). 3

.effrenatus, -a -um ----lit. "unbridled", unchecked, wild. 5

.effringo, -fringere -fregi -fractum ----to break open, break up. 4

.effugio, -fugere -fugi -fugitum ----flee, escape, flee from = avoid; it flees from (one s,memory). 2

.effugium, -i, n. ----fleeing, flight. 3

.effulgeo, -fulgere -fulsi ----to shine forth, be conspicuous (socially). 3

.effundo, (ecfundo) -fundere -fudi -fusum ----to pour out, pour down, pour out (tears, blood, urine, vomit!). 1

.egenus, - a -um ----needy, poor, without resources, (takes abl. or gen. object). 3

.egeo, -ere -ui ----to lack, want, need. 2

.egestas, -atis, f. ----poverty, need, lack of. 3

.ego ----I; plur. nos. (we). 1

.egredior, -gredi -gressus ----march out (mil.), go forth, stray off, digress, transgress. 1

.egregius, -a -um ----outstanding, distinguished 2

.egressus, -us, m. ----going out, egress; digression. 3

.ei, or hei, interj. ----(expressing angry pain). 4

.eia, and heia, interj. ----"Darn it!", "Well now, alright!"; "C mon now, let s.... (in a hurry)". 5

.eicio, - icere -ieci -iectum ----to hurl out, shoot out, draw out, expel, banish. 2

.eiecto, -are ----to eject. 5

.elabor, -labi -lapsus, dep. ----to slide, slip away, steal off; slip out (of one s memory). 2

.elaboro, -are ----work out 3

.elephantus, -i, m. ----an elephant; ivory. 5

.elicio, -licer -licui -lictum ----to coax out, elicit (information), call out, arouse, awaken. 2

.elido, -lidere -lisi -lisum ----to smash, knock, eject, get rid of 2

.eligo, -ligere -legi -lectum ----to pick out, choose. 3

.eloquor, -loqui -locutus, dep. ----to speak, give a speech, tell about. 2

.eludo, -ludere -lusi -lusum ----to trick, deceive, evade (danger), evade (a question); defy, flout opinion. 2

.eluo, -luere -lui -lutum ----to wash, wash out, wash out (troubles, etc.); to be washed clean or cheated 2

.emergo, -mergere -mersi -mersum ----"emerge" out of the water, surface, come to light, escape. 2

.emetior, -iri -mensus, dep. ----measure out, travel over a road, measure out (a term, a life, etc.). 2

.emico, -micare -micui -micatum ----flash forth (fire), dart forth, leap forth. 5

.emigro, -are ----emigrate. 5

.emitto, -mittere -misi -missum ----send out, dispatch, release, let fly, let run out, emit, ; manumit or free a slave,

.emo, emere emi emptum ----buy, purchase, bribe, gain. 1

.emorior, -mori -mortuus, dep. ----die, die off, die out. 3

.emoveo, -movere -movi -motum ----remove, expel. 3

.en ----ever, (did you) ever?; hey, look over there, = ecce. 2

.enascor, -nasci -natus, dep. ----grow, spring forth (a generally biological word, not literary. 5

.enim, conj. ----indeed, to be sure, .. indeed, yes (as an answer), actually, 1 1

.eniteo, -ere -ui ----shine brightly forth. 5

.enitor, -niti -nisus or -nixus, dep. ----struggle, push, give birth, work hard to. 2

.eno, -are ----swim forth, sail forth. 3

.ensis, -is, m. ----sword. 2

.enumero, -are ----count up (money), list, enumerate. 3

.enuntio, -are ----announce, reveal, disclose. 3

.eo, ire ivi and ii itum ----go, proceed, pass, go after (fight), go to 1

.eo, adv. ----to this point, so far, thus far; (abl.) for this reason, therefore. 1

.ephippiatus, -a -um ----using a saddle cloth : see ephippium.

.ephippium, -i, n. ----saddle for horse riding (among the Gauls a cloth saddle.) 4

.epigramma, -atis, n. ----an inscription on stone; a literary epigram 3

.epistula, (or epistola) -ae, f. ----a letter (personal or official), (Greek word). 3

.epulae, -arum, f. pl. ----banquet, feast. 2

.epulor, -ari, dep. ----dine, feast on.... 4

.eques, -itis, m. ----horseback rider; cavalryman; member of the "equestrian" order = knight. 1

.equester, -stris -stre ----equestrian (cf. to horsemen); "equestrian" class of Roman nobility. 3

.equidem, adv. ----indeed, to be sure, as I see it..., 2

.equitatus, -us, m. ----cavalry; the "equestrian" order (pol.). 3

.equus, -i, m. ----horse 2

.erga, prep. with acc. ----toward, in the direction of..., against; in connection with.... 3

.ergo, adv. ----therefore, then, well then..., 1

.erigo, -rigere -rexi -rectum ----raise up, sit up, move troops up, erect (a structure), arouse 1

.eripio, -ripere -ripui -reptum ----tear away, sieze, kidnap, withdraw, "rip-off", 2

.erro, -are ----wander, ramble about, move (in an undirected fashion); be in doubt; be in error. 1

.error, -oris, m. ----wandering (lost and wandering), confusion, error, insanity. 2

.erubesco, -ere -ui ----become red, blush 2

.eructo, -are ----belch, belch up, puke; (also used also in transferred senses). 5

.erudio, -ire ----teach, train, instruct, 2

.erumpo, -rumpere -rupi -ruptum ----burst forth, break out, shoot forth (plants), let slip out, break out (warfare). 2

.eruo, -ruere -rui -rutum ----rush violently out; root up, dig out, unearth, discover, demolish and eradicate (a town). 2

.eruptio, -onis, f. ----bursting forth (fire, water, etc.), a forward assault (mil.), sprouting of plants. 3

.erus, (herus) -i, m. ----master, lord, estate owner, master of a horse, 3

.escendo, -scendere -scendi -scensum ----climb, ascend, rise up, (e- and scando "climb"). 3

.essedarius, -i, m. ----Gaulish charioteer, (cf. essedum). 5

.essedum, -i, n. ----a war chariot of the Gauls (Gaulish word). 5

.et ----and, (et.... et.... = Engl. "both...and...."). 1

.etenim, adv. ----for indeed. 3

.etiam ----still, and yet, besides this, also. 3

.et-si ----even if, although, and yet.... 3

.euhan ----The cry of bacchants in the cult of Dionysos. 5

.euhans, -ntis c. ----crying out "euhan", (of Bacchants in the cult of Dionysos. 5

.evado, -vadere -vasi -vasum ----go out, come away, cross over, evade, escape. 1

.evanesco, -vanescere -vanui ----vanish, disappear, lose strength, weaken. 3

.eveho, -vehere -vexi -vectum ----carry away, export, be transported (emotionally). 2

.evello, -vellere -velli -vulsum ----pluck out, root out. 3

.evenio, -venire -veni -ventum ----come forth, come about ("event"), happen, turn out as.... 2

.eventus, -us, m. ----outcome, consequence, success. 2

.everto, -vertere -verti -versum ----turn upside down, overturn, capsize, expel, ruin (pol.). 2

.evincio, -vincire -vinxi vinctum ----bind with wreathes, bind with chains. 4

.evinco, -vincere -vici -victum ----defeat, overcome completely. 2

.evocator, -oris, m. ----sergeant. 3

.evoco, -are ----call out, summon, subpoena (leg.), arouse, call to arms. 2

.evolo, -are ----fly, fly up or away, hurry, flee. 2

.evolvo, -volvere -volve -volutum ----roll out, unroll, unroll (a story), unwrap, discover. 2

.evomo, -ere -ui -itum ----vomit out, puke up; release feelings.. 3

.ex, or e, prep. with abl. ----out of, from, away from; according to...; from the date... 1

.exaestuo, -are ----boil over; seethe (emotionally). 5

.exaggero, -are ----pile up, heap up (objects); magnify, amplify (in writing). 3

.exagito, -are ----shake up, agitate, bother. 2

.exago ----or exigo

.examino, -are ----to weigh; to consider. 3

.exanimis, - e, and exanimus -a -um ----without anima = life, dead; unconscious, faint. 3

.exanimo, -are ----kill, kill with fear, incapacitate. 3

.exanimus = ----exanimis

.exardesco, -ardescere -aris -arsum ----catch fire, turn hot; be fired (with anger), burst out.... 2

.exaudio, -ire ----hear, listen, give ear to; heed. 2

.excedo, -cedere -cessi -cessum ----go away, retire, withdraw, trespass, exceed. 1

.excello, -ere ----stand out, above, stand higher, be pre-eminent. 3

.excidium, -i, n. ----destruction. 3

.excido, -cidere -cidi ----fall out, drop away, fall away, fall short, lose the thread, 3

.excieo, and excio -cire -civi and cii -citum ----rouse up, awaken, summon up, arouse. 3

.excipio, -cipere -cepi -ceptum ----take out, pick out, pick up; receive (attack, blows, assault). 1

.excito, -are ----make to rise up, rouse up, awaken, set in motion, raise up, stir up. 2

.exclamo, -are ----cry out, exclaim. 3

.excludo, -cludere -clusi -clusum ----shut out, exclude, separate off..., leave out;. 2

.excogito, -are ----think out, develop, invent. 3

.excolo, -colere -colui -cultum ----cultivate (land), cultivate (the mind), decorate. 2

.excrucio, -are ----torture. 5

.excubiae, -arum, f. pl. ----guard, watch (mil.), vigil. 4

.excudo, -cudere -cudi -sucum ----hammer out, forge, produce. 4

.excursio, -onis, f. ----journey, sally (mil.). 4

.excuso, -are ----excuse, give as an excuse, excuse oneself from... 4

.excutio, -cutere -cussi -cussum ----shake out, off; throw off (a horse), shoot (mil.) 2

.exedo, -esse -edi -esum ----eat up, consume (war, fire, etc.), hollow out. 3

.exemplum, -i, n. ----a sample, an example = warning, a pattern, a copy. 2

.exeo, -ire -ii (-ivi) -itum ----go out, come out, emerge, escape, pass away = die, transgress, exceed. 1

.exerceo, -ere -ui -iyum ----exercise, train, keep busy, lend out (money), move (a legal action). 2

.exercitatio, -onis, f. ----exercise, practice, motion. 3

.exercitium, -i, n. ----exercise, practice; skill. 4

.exercito, -are ----train, exercise; bother, irk. 4

.exercitus, -a -um, ----partic. of exerceo. 2

.exercitus, -us, m. ----training (early comedy); a trained military force, army (mil.). 2

.exhaurio, -haurire -hausi -haustum ----drink up, suck up, drain dry (money), drain off resources, "exhaust". 2

.exigo, -igere -egi -actum ----drive on, force forward, reach forth; spend time, pass one s life; 1

.exiguitas, -atis, f. ----littleness. 5

.exiguus, -a -um ----scanty, little, brief, small, trivial. 2

.eximius, -a -um ----excepted; (hence) outstanding, remarkable. 5

.eximo, -imere -emi -emptum ----take away, remove. 2

.exinde, (exin, exim), adv. ----thereafter, next, thence, therefore. 2

.existimatio, - onis, f. ----opinion, estimate, evaluation of.a person). 3

.existimo, (existumo) -are ----put a value on, price; evaluate, judge, value 2

.exitialis, -e ----deadly. 5

.exitiosus, -a -um ----deadly, death-inviting. 4

.exitium, -i, n. ----death and destruction. 2

.exitus, -us, m. ----departure, a way out, conclusion, fate. 2

.exopto, -are ----long for, want, hanker after. 4

.exordior, -ordiri -orsus, dep. ----begin, start off. 3

.exordium -i, n. ----inception, start, (formal) beginning of a speech (rhet.). 3

.exorior, -oriri -ortus, dep. ----rise up, appear, rise (of stars); come into being, 2

.exorno, -are ----furnish, equip; adorn, enhance. 2

.exoro, -are ----beg, entreat, win over by prayer. 3

.exorsus, -a -um, ----rising up ppartic. of exordior; q.v.

.exorsus, -us, m. ----a beginning. 5

.exosus, -a -um ----hating. 5

.expedio, - ire -ivi and ii -itum ----to free from fetters; let loose, solve a problem, expedite,

.expeditio, -onis, . ----a military expedition. 4

.expello, -pellere -puli -pulsum ----drive out, force forth, dislodge the enemy (mil.), expel. 2

.expendo, -pendere -pendi -pensum ----weigh out; pay; pay a penalty; weigh (in the mind). 3

.experior, -periri -pertus, dep. ----try, test, test (at court, legal), experience. 2

.expers, -pertis ----having no experience in...; having no part in.... 2

.expeto, -ere -ii and -ivi -itum ----request, ask for, seek out, make an effort to abstain, seek after. 2

.expilo, -are ----to plunder, rob. 4

.expio, -are ----expiate, propitiate deities, expiate an omen. 3

.expleo, -ere -ivi -etum ----fill out completely 2

.explico, -are -avi -atum, and -ui -itum ----uncoil, unfold, explain, explicate, reveal, demonstrate. 2

.explorator, -oris, m. ----scout, spy. 2

.exploro, -are ----explore, inquire, search out; reconnoiter (mil.). 2

.expono, -ponere -posui -positum ----set out, put off ship, expose (children to death), expose to danger etc.. 1

.exporto, -are ----carry away; market, export. 4

.exposco, -poscere -poposci ----demand, requisition, request. 2

.exprimo, -primere -pressi -pressum ----squeeze out, press out (liquids), put pressure on someone, compel. 1

.expromo, -promere -prompsi -promptum ----bring forth (as from a wine cellar, pantry), bring forth (reveal). 3

.expugnatio, -onis, f. ----capture of a town (mil.). 4

.expugno, -are ----capture (a town) (mil.), plunder, destroy, break down;. 2

.exquiro, (exquaero -quirere -quisivi -quisitum ----ask, inquire about.; search for, seek out, find out. 3

.exsanguis, (esanguis) -e ----bloodless, pale, weak, exhausted. 3

.exsaturabilis, -e ----incapable of being satisfied 3

.exscindo, -scindere -scidi -scissum ----cut, tear down, eradicate. 5

.exsecror, -ari, dep. ----curse; detest. 3

.exsequor, -sequi -secutus, dep. ----follow, follow a funeral; pursue, persecute. 1

.exserto, -are ----to stretch out. ( 6

.exsertus, -a -um ----pushed out, thrust out 3

.exsilium, (exilium) -i, n. ----exile, banishment. 2

.exsisto, (existo) -sistere -stiti -stitum ----stand forth, be, exist, arise, come into being. 2

.exsolvo, -solvere -solvi -solutum ----untie, loosen; set free, discharge (promises), pay (debts). 2

.exsomnis, -e ----un-sleeping, awake; insomniac. 5

.exsors, -sortis ----having no share in, (. sors sortis, f. "lot, portion"). 5

.exspectatio, -onis, f. ----waiting, suspense. 3

.exspecto, -are ----wait for, await, expect, hope for, await expectantly 2

.exspergo, -spergere -spersum ----scatter about. 5

.exspiro, -are ----breathe out, exhale; breathe one s last = expire = die. 5

.exstinguo, -stinguere -stinxi -stinctum ----extinguish (fire), obliterate, kill off, 2

.exsto, -are -steti ----stand forth, stand out 2

.exstruo, -struere -struxi -structum ----pile up, heap up; construct (a building). 3

.exsul, (exul) -sulis, c. ----an exile. 2

.exsulto, (exulto) -are ----leap up, dance about, exult, let oneself go. 2

.exsupero, -are ----rise above, transcend, exceed, surpass, "out-do"; dominate. 2

.exsurgo, -surgere -surrexi ----rise up, get up in the morning, rise up (pol.), arise = happen. 2

.exta, -orum, n. pl. ----"innards" of animals, used in augury. 5

.extemplo, (extempulo), adv. ----right away, right off, immediately. 3

.extendo, -tendere -tendi -tensum ----stretch out, lie outstretched (dead), strain, extend oneself, 1

.extermino, -are ----send away beyond the termina or boundaries, banish; put an idea out of one s mind. 3

.externus, -a -um ----external, extraneous, foreign, alien. 3

.exterreo, -terrere -terrui -territuum ----frighten out of the wits scare. 5

.exterus, -a -um ----on the outside, furthest out, extreme, foreign 1

.extimesco, -timescere -timui ----become scared, frightened. 3

.extorqueo, -torquere -torsi -tortum ----twist, wrench off, extort (financially), dislocate, deform (a person). 5

.extorris, -e ----of a person exiled from his land, (. ex + terra "land"). 4

.extra, adv. ----outside, beyond, outwardly, besides (= in addition). 2

.extraho, -trahere -traxi -tractum ----drag out, pull down (a wall), draw out (persons) draw out of danger. 1

.extrudo, -trudere -trusi -trusum ----push out, force out, "extrude". 4

.exuo, -uere -ui -utum ----take off (clothes), remove, set free from..., strip off (possessions, etc.), remove (habits). 2

.exuro, -urere -ussi -ustum ----burn, burn up, parch, burn (with fever, poison). 2

.exuviae, -arum, f. pl. ----trophies, spoils stripped off bodies in battle; hides from animals; "relics" and sacred objects. 2

.faber, -bra -brum ----ingenious, skilful. 3

.faber, -bri ----craftsman, metalworker; building trades artisan. 3

.fabricator, -oris, m. ----maker. 5

.fabrico, -are, (fabricor) -ari, dep. ----make, construct,fabricate. 2

.facesso, facessere facessi facessitum ----perform duties, bring a case: depart. 3

.facies, ei, f. ----appearance, figure, look; looks, beauty, form; the face. 1

.facilis, -e ----easy (to do), easy to get, work, purchase; easy in manner = "laid-back"; moving easily. 1

.facilitas, -atis, f. ----ease (of doing something); ease, fluency; easy-mindedness. 2

.facinorosus, -a -um ----wicked, criminal. 5

.facinus, -oris, n. ----any deed; a bad deed, crime. 3

.facio, facere feci (-e- is long), factum (the pass. is fio; q.v.). ----do, make, build, form, create, bring into being 1

.factio, -onis, f. ----making, doing; a group, faction; a political party or faction. 2

.facultas, -atis, f. ----faculty, power, ability; resources. 2

.fagus, - i, f. ----beech tree. 5

.falcarius, -i, m. ----a sickle maker; a quarter of the city of Rome. 5

.fallax, -acis ----tricky, deceptive, false, fake. 2

.fallo, fallere fefelli falsum ----deceive, trick, mislead, trick the eyes ; be unnoticed, disguised. 2

.falx falcis, f. ----scythe, a knife with a hooked blade; a curved sword. 2

.fama, -ae, f. ----talk, rumor, reputation (good or bad), fame, glory. 1

.fames, -is, f. ----hunger, starvation; hunger (for anything). 5

.familia, -ae ----a household ; household servants; any group, an estate, (leg). 1

.familiaris, -e ----belonging to the household, personal (i.e. not civic), familiar, friendly.. 2

.familiaritas, -atis, f. ----friendship (through long association), 3

.famul, ----or famulus 5

.far, farris, n. ----barley. 5

.fas, n. ----that which is (religiously) right, in accordance with divine law; 1

.fascis, -is, m. ----a tied up bundle of sticks; the lictors "rods of office", any bundle. 3

.fastigatus, -a -um ----sloping, inclined 4

.fastigium, -1, n. ----point, tip, top, rooftop, summit, top of the hill, or of social structure. 2

.fastus, -us, m. ----pride, haughtiness, uppity-ness. 3

.fastus, -a -um ----lawful, acceptable (with a divine meaning), 5

.fatalis, -e ----fate-ful, destined, fatal, deadly. 5

.fateor, fateri, fassus, dep. ----admit, admit as true, confess, assent. 2

.fatigo, -are ----tire, wear out, make weary, bother, exhaust, wear down. 2

.fatisco, -ere and fatiscor -i, dep. ----split open; be exhausted. 5

.fatum, -i, m. ----"that which is said", i.e. Fate, destiny; Doom. 1

.fauces, -ium (pl. only) ----mouth, throat, "jaws", gullet; a gulley (geog.). 1

.faveo, favere favi fautum ----fawn, be favorably disposed toward, devoted to, partial to. 2

.favilla, -ae, f. ----ashes, fly-ash; anything burned up; powder. 4

.favor, -oris, m. ----favor,partiality, support, enthusiastic, applause 2

.fax, -cis f. ----torch, marriage-torch (in ritual), torch of love, 1

.febris, is, f. ----fever; the goddess Febris = Our Lady of Fevers. 3

.fecundus, -a -um ----fertile (genetic), fruitful, abundant 2

.felicitas, -atis, f. ----good luck, happiness, success. 2

.felix, -icis ----fruitful, luck-bringing, fortunate, prosperous. 1

.femina, -ae, f. ----woman, wife, any female. 1

.femineus, -a -um ----woman s, womanly, womanish, 2

.femur, -oris (or -inis), n. ----the thigh, thighbone. 2

.fenestra, -ae, f. ----a window, opening in a wall (mil.). 3

.feralis, -e ----funereal, deathly, deadly. 2

.ferax, - acis ----bearing, (of land) fruitful, productive. 3

.fere, adv. ; also ferme ----almost, just about, virtually; generally. 2

.feretrum, -i, n. ----(funerary) bier, casket. 5

.ferinus, -a -um ----of wild animals. 4

.ferio, -ire ----strike, hit, smash 3 t

.fero, ferre, with perf. tuli, latum ----bear, carry ; betake oneself, bear up and endure; bear (crops, fruit); bear (news); tell. 1

.ferox, -ocis ----fierce, wild, savage, defiant. 2

.ferramenta, -orum, n. pl. ----iron tools. 4

.ferratus, -a -um ----"iron working", chain gang (slaves) 5

.ferreus, - a -um ----made of iron, steel; (hence) hard as iron = inhuman, unfeeling. 2

.ferrugineus, and ferruginus -a -um ----rust colored, a hue from purple to black (= Gr. kyaneos). 3

.ferrum, -i, n. ----iron/steel, an iron object, knife, sword; a gladiatorial contest. 1

.fertilis, -e ----fertile, productive (animals and earth), 2

.fertilitas, -tatis f. ----fertility 2

.ferus, -a -um ----wild (of animals), savage, inhuman, barbarous, violent. 2

.fervefacio, -facere -feci -factum ----make boil, heat up, melt. 5

.ferveo, fervere ferbui (also fervo fervere fervi) ----boil, be hot, seethe (of the sea) boil with activity, burn with passion. 1

.fessus, -a -um ----tired, weary, exhausted, depressed,

.festino, -are: intransit. ----hurry, rush, hasten. (- 2)

.festus, -a -um ----holy day, holiday-like, festive. 2

.fetus, -a -um, adj. ----having given birth (of females), pregnant, "fruitful". 3

.fetus, -us, m. ----bringing forth, bearing; offspring, "the young", fruit of plants, grain, etc., 2

.fibra, -ae, f. ----fibrous sheath of plants; the viscera, "innards", bowels. 2

.fibula, -ae, f. ----a pin (for sewing garments), "safety pin" ; bolt, pin (in buildings), 2

.fidelis, -e ----faithful, trustworthy, loyal. 2

.fides, -ei, f. ----faith, trust, good-faith, a commitment, good-reputation, honesty, 1

.fides, -is, f. ----the lyre, lyre-strings, 1

.fido, fidere fisus sum ----be confident, be confident that... 5

.fiducia, -ae, f. ----trust, confidence; a trust (legal), guaranteed transfer of funds. 2

.fidus, -a -um ----faithful, trustworthy, trusty, honest, etc... 2

.figo, figere fixi fixum ----fix, fasten (by driving a pin through), nail up, nail down, fix in the mind, 1

.figura, -ae, f. ----form, shape, appearance, a portrait; form 1

.filius, -i, m. ----son. 2

.filum, -i, n. ----thread, string; the "thread of one s character, appearance, . 2

.fimus, -i, m. and fimum -i, n. ----dung, manure. 5

.findo, findere fidi fissum ----split apart, split (as wood), cleave, halve. 2

.fingo, fingere finxi fictum ----mould, shape, form (of clay, etc.), create, ; compose writings, imagine 2

.finio, -ire ----mark boundaries, set limits ; stop, cease, come to the end. 1

.finis, -is, m. ----boundary; territory; a limit, termination, death 1

.finitimus, and finitumus -a -um ----near, adjacent, neighboring, (as noun in pl.) neighbors). 2

.fio, fieri factus sum, (used as pass. of facio). ----happen, take place, occur 1

.firmamentum, -i n. ----propping up, shoring up, strengthening, support 2

.firmitudo, -dinis f. ----strength, firmness 2

.firmo, -are ----make strong, firm; confirm laws; strengthen a position (mil.);. 1

.firmus, -a -um ----firm, strong, reliable. 3

.fissilis, -e ----that which can be split; also split. 5

.fistuca, -ae, f. ----a stalk, tube, Pan s pipe, waterpipe; whistling (disapproval at theater. 2

.flagellum, -i, n. ----a whip, lash; tendrils of a plant. 2

.flagitiosus, -a -um ----disgraceful, shocking. 3

.flagitium, -i, n. ----disgrace, public dishonor, criminal act, an outrage. 2

.flagito, -are ----demand, request strongly 2

.flagro, -are ----burn, flame, shine out; be in revolution (pol.), be (emotionally) ablaze. 2

.flamen, -inis, n. ----a high priest. 3

.flamma, -ae, f. ----flame, fire, torch, heat; passion 1

.flatus, -us, m. ----blowing, wind, breath, "blowing one s horn" = pride. 2

.flaveo, -ere ----be yellow, shine yellow, golden 3

.flavus, -a -um ----yellow; blond-haired 3

.flecto, flectere flexi flexum ----curve, deflect, turn aside, direct (attention); alter. 2

.fleo, flere flevi fletum: intransit. ----weep, cry, wail. 1

.fletus, -us, m. ----weeping, lamentation. 5

.flexilis, -e ----flexible, curled, curlable. 5

.flo, flare flavi flatum ----blow, breath; blow in a wind-instrument;. 1

.floreo, -ere -ui ----flower, bloom, be colorful, develop fuzz (whiskers on an adolescent male); flourish. 2

.floreus, -a -um ----flowery, flowering 3

.flos, floris m. ----flower, brightness, flower of youth, (a "florescent" adolescent beard), youthful beauty 1

.fluctuo, - are ----surge (of waves), be tossed by waves, be unsure, vacillate. 2

.fluctus, -us, m. ----waves (of the sea, flood, a rush of waves. 5

.fluentum, -i, n. ----stream, flood. 5

.fluidus, -a -um ----flowing, fluid; soft and formless. 3

.fluito, -are ----flow; float, be floated; flow (of hair, garments); wobble. 2

.flumen, -inis, n. ----river; flow, flood; torrent of words. 1

.fluo, fluere fluxi fluxum ----flow, pour out, stream forth, melt and flow, 1

.fluvialis, -e., and fluviatilis -e ----of a river. 5

.fluvius, -ii, m. ----river, stream, flood (of blood, sweat, tears, etc.). 2

.focus, -i, m. ----hearth, fireplace (for cooking), hearth and home, altar. 2

.fodio, fodere fodi (-o- is long), fossum ----stick, jab, prick; dig, plow land, dig up, 2

.foederatus, -a -um ----confederate, allied. 5

.fo(-e- is long),, -are ----to foil, spoil, hurt, disgrace. 2

.foedus, -a -um ----foul, filthy, ugly; disgraceful, 2

.foedus, -eris, n. ----treaty, formal international agreement, (then) any contract. 2

.folium, - i, n. ----a leaf, leaves, petal. 3

.fomes, -itis, m. ----tinder, kindling for a fire 4

.fons, fontis, m. ----spring of water, source of a river; source, origin, "fountainhead". 1

.for, fari fatus, dep. ----speak, give a speech, say, tell, 2

.forensis, -e ----of the Forum, public, forensic 2

.foris, -is, f. ----door, pair of doors; entrance. 2

.foris, adv. ----outside, on the outside, away from the building; outside Rome; from without. 2

.forma, -ae, f. ----form, appearance, beauty; image (in art), outline, diagram. 1

.formido, -inis, f. ----fear, dread; a dreadful experience. 2

.formido, -are ----fear 3

.fors, n. sg. (abl. forte "by chance") ----chance, luck, that which happens by random ; destiny 1

.fortis, -e ----strong, forceful, powerful, heroic (mil.). 1

.fortuna, -ae, f. ----"Fortune", luck, good luck; chance; as a diety: Fortuna 1

.fortunatus, -a -um ----fortunate, happy, rich. 2

.forum, -i, n. ----marketplace, plaza, the (legal) Forum Romanum. 1

.forus, -i, m. ----the gangway of a ship. 5

.fossa, -ae, f. ----ditch, drainage ditch; trench (mil.). 2

.foveo, fovere fovi fotum ----keep warm, warm up; foster; help, caress; 1

.fragor, -oris, m. ----breaking; the sound of breaking; cracking; uproar. 4

.fragrans, -ntis ----fragrant, sweet-smelling 3

.frango, frangere fregi (-e- is long), fractum ----break, split, break down. wear out, 1

.frater, -tris, m. ----brother, "brother" ; comrade (rarely). 1

.fraternus, -a-um ----of a brother, brotherly. 4

.fraudatio, -onis, f. ----fraud. 5

.fraudo, -are ----deceive, trick, cheat of money, embezzle. 2

.fraus, fraudis, f. ----cheating, fraud, dishonesty. 2

.fraxineus, and fraxinus -a -um ----of ash-wood. 5

.fremitus, -us, m. ----roar, mumble; roar of applause. 5

.fremo, -ere -ui -itum ----roar, murmur. 2

.freno, -are ----rein in (horse), bridle, curb; restrain 2

.frenum, -i, n., but plural usually is masc. ----bridle, reins (of a horse); "curb and check" reins; restraint. 2

.frequens, -entis ----closely packed, densely placed, crowded; occurring frequently. 2

.frequentia, -ae, f. ----densely packed crowd, throng; multitude, dense population. 2

.frequento, -are ----fill (densely) with... throng, pack in, repeat over and over 2

.fretum, -i, n. ----straits, channel, narrows. 2

.fretus, -a -um ----relying on, confiding in, with abl. 3

.frigeo, -ere ----be cold (physically); be chilly towards...; be cold with old age. 2

.frigidus, -a -um ----cold, chilly, torpid, weak. 2

.frigo, frigere frixi frictum ----roast, heat up; "fry". 5

.frigus, -oris, n. ----the cold, chilling ;weakness of chilled old age; coldness. 2

.frondeo, -ere ----to be in leaf. 5

.frondesco, -ere ----to put forth leaves. 5

.frondeus, -a -um ----leafy. 5

.frondosus, -a -um ----full of leaves, leafy. 4

.frons, frondis, f. ----a branch, with foliage, foliage as such, "frond", 2

.frons, frontis, f. ----forehead, brow, countenance, face; thoughtfulness, 2

.fructuosus, -a -um ----fruitful (of land), profitable, financially fruitful. 3

.fructus, -us, m. ----fruit, crops, produce;, crops ; enjoyment, pleasure. 1

.frugi, indeclinable adj.! ----a good man, an honest person; a good guy 2

.frumentarius, -a -um ----pertaining to the grain supply 2

.frumentor, -ari, dep. ----search about for grain (mil.). 5

.frumentum, -i n. ----grain, the grain supply 2

.fruor, frui fructus and fruitus, dep. (abl. object.) ----enjoy, take pleasure in, enjoy having....., find enjoyable; 2

.frustra, adv. ----in vain 1

.frustror, -ari, dep. ----deceive, be frustrated, deceived; be balked at.... 2

.frustum, -i, n. ----scrap of food, morsel, bite, chunk of bread. 3

.frux, frugis, f. ----fruit, grain, crops; maturity. 2

.fucus, -i, m. ----seaweed; the red dye from certain seaweeds; cosmetic coloring; sham, fakery. 3

.fucus, -i, m. ----a drone-bee (the male). 3

.fuga, -ae, f. ----flight, retreat (mil.), desertion (mil.), flight (in the air), 1

.fugio, fugere fugi fugitum ----run away, flee, move away fast, escape, disappear 1

.fugitivus, -a -um ----run-away (slaves, animals), runaways (= slaves). 4

.fugo, -are ----cause to run away, put to flight, rout (mil.), banish, 1

.fulcio, fulcire fulsi fultum ----hold up, support; (or reversing the point of view) stand on. 2

.fulcrum -i, and fulctrum -i, n. ----(support) back-rest of a couch 5

.fulgeo, fulgere fulsi ----shine, gleam, glitter, be conspicuous. 3

.fulgor, -oris, m. ----brightness, flash of light(ning), brilliance. 2

.fulmen, -inis, n. ----a stroke of lightning. 2

.fulmineus, -a -um ----of lightning. 4

.fulvus, -a -um ----tawny, beige colored, tan-red (of gold, of a lion s mane). 5

.fumeus, and fumidus -a -um ----smoky, dark. 5

.fumo, -are ----smoke, steam, be obscured by.... 3

.fumus, -i, m. ----smoke, steam (more commonly); smoke 2

.funalis, -e ----pertaining to a rope; a resined rope-torch 4

.funda, -ae f. ----a sling (the mil. weapon) 3

.fundamentum, -i, n. ----foundation, base; basis 2

.funditor, -oris ----a soldier with a sling 5

.funditus ----from the foundation up; throughout, completely 2

.fundo, -are ----lay foundations, found (a city), establish a practice. 2

.fundo, fundere fudi (-u- is long), fusum ----pour, pour metals, pour out, gush forth, spread out; pour oneself out (in grass, on earth). 2

.fundus, -i, m. ----the bottom, base, foundation (arch.); a country estate, farm. 2

.funereus, -a -um ----funereal. 5

.funestus, -a -um ----funereal, lamented, fatal, destructive. 2

.fungor, fungi functus, dep. ----do, perform, suffer, go through, function as..., (. takes abl. object.). 2

.funis, is, m. ----rope, cord, ship s sheet. 3

.funus, -eris, n. ----funeral, corpse, death, ruination. 1

.furia, -ae, f. ----madness, craziness, The Furies (The Mad Avengers). 2

.furibundus, -a -um ----crazy, insane; mad; furious. 3

.furio, -are ----madden; enrage. 4

.furiosus, -a -um ----crazy, wild, out of control. 3

.furo, -ere ----be insane, mad; be furious; be crazily fierce. 3

.furor, -ari, dep. ----steal. 3

.furor, -oris, m. ----madness, insanity; furor (of love, hate, etc.); violence. 1

.furtivus, -a -um ----stolen; secret. 3

.furtum, -i, n. ----theft; concealment; deceit; (also) that which is stolen. 2

.fusilis, -e ----liquefied. 5

.gaesum, -i, n. ----a javelin (Gaulish). 4

.galea, -ae, f. ----helmet. 5

.gallina, -ae, f. ----hen. 3

.ganeo, -onis, m. ----glutton. 5

.gaudeo, gaudere gavisus sum ----rejoice, be glad 2

.gaudium, -i, n. ----joy, delight, pleasure. 2

.gaza, -ae, f. ----treasure of the Orient (the Near East). 3

.gelidus, -a -um ----cold, icy, frozen; frozen- stiff, near dead. 2

.geminus, -a -um ----twin (by birth), identical, in a pair, double, duplicate; the constellation Gemini. 2

.gemitus, -us, m. ----a sigh, groan. 3

.gemma, -ae, f. ----gem-stone, signet; crystal glassware; a lamp of amber, a checker piece. 2

.gemo, gemere gemui gemitum ----groan, roar; emit a hollow sound; grieve. 2

.gena, -ae, f. ----cheek, eyes, eyelid. 2

.gener, -eri, m. ----son-in-law. 4

.generatim ----by class, according to their kind. 4

.generator, -oris, m. ----producer. 5

.genero, -are ----beget, sire, create; create (feelings, ideas, etc.). 2

.genetrix, -tricis, f. ----mother, progenitor; originator. 5

.genialis, -e ----(relating to a person s "genius", personal protecting angel). 3

.genitor, -oris, m. ----father. 2

.genius, -i, m. ----the "protecting angel" especially of a pater-familias 2

.genu, -us, n. ----knee, knee-joint; node of a plant. 2

.germanus, -a -um ----brother/sister; genuine, real 3

.gero, gerere gessi gestum ----carry, bear, hold, wear (of dress, character), wage (war), transact (business). 1

.gestamen, -inis, n. ----load; decoration; "carriage", vehicle. 5

.gesto, -are ----carry, bear, carry along, carry (in a litter-chair, on a horse). 2

.gigno, gignare genui genitum ----create, procreate, be born (pass.), produce. 1

.glacialis, -e ----icy. 5

.glacies, -ei, f. ----ice. 5

.gladiator, -oris, m. ----sword fighter in shows; hired killer, "hit-man". 3

.gladiatorius, -a -um ----gladiatorial. 4

.gladius, -i ----a sword; "the sword" = warfare and death. 1

.glans, glandis, f. ----an acorn, acorns (pig fodder); a slinger s bullet 3

.glaucus, -a -um ----blue-gray-green, the color of sea-water. 4

.globus, -us, m. ----ball, sphere; spherical mass; a compact troop (mil.). 2

.glomero, - are ----ball up, collect together, pack into a circle. 2

.gloria, -ae, f. ----praise, glory, pride. 2

.glorior, -ari ----boast, brag 2

.gnavus, -a -um ----energetic, active, busy 1

.gracilis, -e ----light, slim, delicate, petite. 2

.gradior, gradi gressus, dep. ----walk, go step by step. 2

.gradus, -us, m. ----a step, pace ( 1/ 1 0 0 0 of a mile), steps of a staircase, steps 1

.gramen, -inis, n. ----grass, herbage; herbs, medicine. 3

.gramineus, -a -um ----grassy. 5

.grandaevus, -a -um ----very old. 5

.grandis, -e ----large, grown to full size, big, great, grand (in style), 3

.grando, -inis ----hail. 3

.grates, f. pl. ----thanks; Thanksgiving. 3

.gratia, -ae, f. ----grace, favor, goodwill, pleasantness of manner, the Graces (goddesses) 1

.grator, -ari, dep. ----congratulate. 5

.gratuito, adv. ----without charge, (i.e.. gratis). 4

.gratulatio, -onis, f. ----a Thanksgiving; congratulation, any situation which instills joy. 3

.gratulor, -ari, dep. ----be glad, be happy; give Thanksgivings (religious.). 3

.gratus, -a -um ----kind, obliging; grateful, favorable, acceptable. 1

.graveolens, -lentis ----bad smelling, stinky. 5

.gravidus, -a -um ----heavy, swollen; pregnant 2

.gravis, -e ----heavy, ponderous, weighted down; serious 1

.gravitas, -atis, f. ----heaviness, weightiness; seriousness, gravity and responsibility of character 1

.gravo, -are ----make heavy, burden, depress, aggravate. 2

.gremium, -i, n. ----lap, bosom (actually lower down); (occasionally.) groin, sex organs. 2

.gressus, -us, m. ----step, walking. 5

.grex, gregis ----herd, flock; group, crowd. 2

.gubernaculum, (-aclum) -i, n. ----rudder of a ship; helm; steering pole. 5

.gubernatio, -onis, f. ----steering, directing; management. 5

.gubernator, -oris, m. ----pilot, helmsman (of a ship); director in general. 4

.guberno, -are ----steer a ship, direct, govern (the cognate word). 3

.gurges, -itis, m. ----whirlpool, flowing waters, flood. 3

.gusto, -are ----taste, take a taste of; have a taste of ; have some experience of.... 2

.gutta, -ae, f. ----a drop of a liquid; speck, spot. 3

.guttur, -uris, n. ----throat, gullet. 5

.gyrus, -i, m. ----circle, ring, circular horse-ring, celestial "orbit". 5

.habena, -ae, f. ----rein (plural); control, check, 2

.habeo, -ere -ui -itum ----have, hold, hold on to; hold (a meeting); consider, believe 1

.habilis, -e ----handy, convenient; useful. 3

.habito, -are ----inhabit, dwell, live in.... 2

.habitus, -a -um ----well disposed, OK, good. 5

.habitus, -us, m. ----condition, state of being, style of dress, (cf. nun s "habit"), appearance. 2

.haereo, haerere haesi haesum ----stick, stick to, hang on to, stay still, be immobile. 1

.haesito, -are ----hesitate 3

.halitus, -us, m. ----breath, vapor. 3

.halo, -are ----breathe out, emit a savor. 4

.hamus, -i, m. ----hook, fishhook, barb on an arrowhead. 3

.harena, -ae f. (= arena) ----dry soil, sand, beach 1

.harenosus, -a -um ----sandy 3

.harundo, (arundo) -inis, f. ----a reed, tube, flute, pen (writing), any rod (fishing pole, etc.). 2

.haruspex, -spicic, m. ----a diviner of the Etruscan school (lightning, livers, guts, etc.). 3

.hasta, -ae, f. ----spear, javelin. 3

.hastile, -is, n. ----spear, spear-handle. 4

.haud, adv. (haut) ----not, not at all, by no means. 2

.haurio, haurire hausi haustum ----drink, imbibe, suck up, drink in, draw (water, blood. 1

.hebeo, -ere ----be blunt, weak, inactive. 4

.hebesco, -ere ----become dull, faint, weak;. 4

.hebeto, -are ----make dull, blunt, inactive, weak. 3

.heia, interj. ----damn it; well I ll be...; come on now,quick :.Engl."hey". 4

.herba, -ae, f. ----grass, an herb, vegetation in general. 2

.Hercle, interj. ----"by Heracles", a strong exclamation used almost always by men. 3

.hercule!, ----same as Hercle 3

.hereditas, -atis, f. ----inheritance. 2

.heres, -edis, c. ----an heir, inheritor. 2

.heri, (here) ----yesterday. 5

.herus, -1 m. ----the master, same as erus 3

.hesternus, -a -um ----of yesterday. 2

.heu, interj. ----oh my!, too bad! what a shame. 2

.heus, interj. ----Hey there, 1

.hiatus, -us, m. ----gaping mouth; any gap, chasm; "hiatus" (in prosody). 2

.hibernaculum, -i, n. ----winter-camp quarters. 5

.hiberno, -are ----spend the winter. 4

.hibernus, -a -um ----of winter, winter s... 3

.hic, haec, hoc ----this one (here), the nearer one (as against ille) 1

.hic, (and heic), adv. ----here. 2

.hiemo, -are ----spend the winter, winter-over 2

.hiems, (hiemps) -emis, f. ----winter storm; winter; stormy weather. 1

.hio, -are ----gape, have the mouth wide open, be astonished. 2

.hisco, -ere ----gape, stand with the mouth open; stutter 4

.hodie ----today, now, nowadays 1

.hodiernus, -a -um ----of today. 4

.homo, -inis ----a human being, person (male or female). 1

.honestas, -atis, f. ----honor, integrity, decency. 3

.honesto, -are ----give honor to, decorate (with honor). 3

.honestus, -a -um ----honorable, decent, upperclass (!), decent looking. 3

.honor, -oris, m. ----honor, decency, a (mark of) honor, high-office (pol.). 1

.honorificus, -a -um ----honorific. 5

.honoro, -are ----show honor to, honor. 3

.hora, ae, f. ----hour of the day, time of day, an hour s time; season of the year; time of a human life. 1

.horreo, -ere ----bristle up (hair on the head or leaves on pine trees),be,unkempt; shudder with cold or fear, etc.,

.horresco, horrescere horrui ----bristle, shudder, be scared of.... 3

.horridus, -a -um ----rough, shaggy, bristling, uncouth; shivering (with fear or cold). 2

.horrifico, -are ----roughen the surface of (the sea); frighten. 5

.horrificus, -a -um ----frightening, dreadful. 5

.horrisonus, -a -um ----making dreadful sound. 5

.horror, - oris, m. ----shuddering; fear. 2

.hortator, -oris, m. ----exciter, arouser (mil.). 4

.hortatus, -us, m. ----encouragement. 4

.hortor, -ari, dep. ----encourage, urge on; incite. 2

.hospes, -pitis, m. and hospita -ae, f. ----host, guest, stranger, visitor, a visitor from an allied clan/town, 1

.hospitium, -i, n. ----hospitality, entertainment, an inn, a hospice. 2

.hospitus, --a -um ----welcome, welcoming; welcome from abroad = foreign 4

.hostia, -ae, f. ----an animal which is to be killed in religious ritual. 2

.hostilis, -e ----of the enemy; hostile. 2

.hostis, -s m. ----stranger, foreigner; enemy; the enemy (mil.) 1

.humanitas, -atis, f. ----human nature; humankind; humaneness. 3

.humanus, -a -um ----human (i.e. not divine). 1

.humilis, -e ----short, low, lowly, humble; humbled; ignoble. 1

.humilitas, -atis, f. ----shortness, low-down-ness; insignificance. 3

.humo, -are ----bury, (cf. humus "earth"). 2

.humus, -i, f. ----earth, land, the land, soil 2

.hydra, -ae. f ----serpent, water snake 4

.hymenaeus, -i m. ----the God of Marriage = Hymen 3

.iaceo, -ere -ui ----lie, recline, rest supine (on ones back); lie down, lie dead, stretch out (geog.) 1

.iacio, iacere ieci (-e- is long), iectum ----hurl, throw with force, throw down; brag, throw out (big words) 3

.iacto, -are ----hurl, throw, swing about; boast, show off 2

.iactura, -ae f. ----throwing out, away; loss, expense 5

.iactus, -us m. ----throwing (of a weapon; of dice); jettisoning cargo from a ship; squandering of funds 2

.iaculor, -are ----to hurl a spear, javelin; shoot at (mil. and hunting) 2

.iaculum, -i n. ----a spear; (also) a hunting net 4

.iam, adv. ----now, already; soon 1

.ianitor, -oris m. ----doorman, a door-janitor specifically 3

.ianua, -ae f. ----door, doorway; an entrance 1

.iaspis, -eris f. ----the semi-precious stone jasper ( 5 0

.ibi, adv. ----there, at that very place; then, thereupon... 1

.ibidem, adv. ----at the same place, moment; in that (respect) 1

.icio, -ere ici ictum ----throw, hurl, strike; strike a bargain, a treaty; strike upon the senses 2

.ictus, - us m ----blow, stroke, 2

.idcirco, adv. ----for that reason, on account of that 1

.idem, eadem idem adj. ----the same, that same, the very same 1

.identidem, adv. ----again and again 1

.ideo adv. ----on this account, for this reason 1

.idoneus, -ea -eum ----suitable, fitting, good for... 1

.idus, (n. pl.) -uum f. ----the Ides, the thirteenth or fifteenth day in each month 2

.iecur, -iecoris (also iecineris) n.. ----the liver (anatomy; augury).; sexual drive 2

.igitur, adv. ----therefore, thereupon, then; so then... ; and so... 1

.ignarus, -a um ----ignorant, unknowing; unaware; ignorant of.... = unskilled at.. 2

.ignavia, -iae f. ----laziness; mental laziness 3

. ignavus, -a -um ----lazy, lethargic, sluggish; weak, powerless 2

.igneus, -ea -eum ----fiery, red hot, combusting, burning; fiery = feisty. 2

.ignis, -is m. ----fire; the celestial fire (the Sun); the stars, heat, rage; fever 1

.ignobilis, -is ----not well known, unknown Note Engl. ignoble ( 2

.ignominia, -iae f. ----loss of reputation; disgrace 2

.ignoro, -are ----not know, not know of; ignore 3

.ignosco, -ere -vi -tum ----pardon, excuse; overlook 1

.ignotus, -a -um ----unknown; unfamiliar; obscure; ignorant 2

.ilex, -icis f. ----the European oak-tree 2

.ilicet, ----adv (impers. vb. locked into adverbial use): "It s all over; OK, that s it (meaning: get out, scram right now, beat it!)." 3

.ilico adv ----right away, right off. 2

.illabor, -bi -psus ----slide into, glide into 3

.illaetabilis, - e ----joyless, sad 2

.illecebra, -ae f. ----enticement, charm 2

.ille, illa illud ----that, that over there, as opposed to hic "this over here. 1

.illido, -ere -lisi ----smash,smash into, jam 2

.illigo, -are ----tie up, bind fast 3

.illudo, -ere -lusi -lusum ----play upon; trick, deceive ; 3

.illustris, -e ----famous, noble, illustrious 3

.illustro, -are ----shed light on, illuminate; show 3

.illuvies, -iei f. ----alluvium, silty deposit, dirt 2 3

.imago, -inis f. ----image, statue, painting;; reflection, an echo; sketch, a ghost 1

.imbellis, -e ----unwarlike, untrained; pacifistic (a bad term !). 1

.imber, -bris m. ----rain, a storm, showers, hailstorm, shower (of missiles etc.); floods. 1

.imberbis, -e ----beardless 3 Cf barba.

.imitabilis, -e ----imitatable 5

.imitator, -oris m. ----copier; imitator 5

.imitor, -are ----imitate, copy; simulate 4

.immanis, -e ----huge, enormous,frightful, brutal, cruel 1

.immanitas, -tatis f. ----huge size; savagery 3

.immaturus -a -um ----unripe, untimely, immature; out of the right time 2

.immemor, -oris ----unmindful, not recollecting... ;forgetful 9 2

.immensus, -a -um ----huge, immense, grand 2

.immergo, -ere -si -sum ----dip into (a liquid); immerse oneself (in water, in an activity, in thought) 2

.immeritus, -a -um ----not deserving; not deserving of punishment 3

.immineo, -ere -ui ----overhang; lean out over; be intent on... ;press on (mil.); threaten 1

.imminuo, -uere -ui ----diminish, reduce 3

.immisceo, -ere -ui ----mix, mix in, ingle in; implicate, confuse = mix up 2

.immitis, -e ----not-sweet, harsh, not at all gentle; hostile 2

.immitto -ere -misi -misum ----send in, let loose, let go, hurl 2

.immo, adv. ----on the other hand, to the contrary 1

.immortalis, -e ----deathless, celestial, of the Gods 2

.immotus, -a -um ----un-moved, unaltered; motionless, not liable to change 3

.immugio, -ire ----bellow, resound with a (bull-like) roar 5

.immundus, -a -um ----unclean, dirty;l having a dirty mind Cf mundus "clean" 4

.impar, -e ----numerically unequal,odd; of unequal sizes, not equal to... ; unsteady, vacillating 1

.impedimentum, -i n. ----an obstacle, hindrance; heavy baggage (mil.), 2

.impedio, -ire ----obstruct, im-pede; block. See impedimentum.. ( 2

.impello, -ere -puli -pulsum) ----strike against, jam on; im-pel 1

.impendeo, -ere ----hang over, be near to; hang above ; threaten 2

.impendo, -ere -pendi -pensum ----weigh out pay out (money). 2

.imperator, -oris m. ----general of the Roman armies (under the Republic); under the Empire (imperium), an Emperor. 1

.imperatorius, -ia -um ----pertaining to a general 3

.imperitus, -a -um ----unskilled 3

.imperium, -ii n. ----military command; the basic Roman administrative power, the power of a paterfamilias (legal) 1

.impero, -are ----make demands; give orders, command an army; hold and use power, rule over... 1

.impertio, -ire ----share, impart to others; give a part of to... 2

.impetro, -are ----ask for (and receive...); request and obtain; get, obtain. 1

.impetus, -us m. ----forward thrust, attack; a military attack, advance; attack of rage 2

.impiger, -ra -rum ----not lazy (piger); active, energetic 2

.impingo, -ere -egi -actum ----jam together force, drive. 2

.impius, -ia -ium ----impious, not reverent toward gods and toward parents. 1

.implacatus, -a -um ----unappeased, not satisfied 5

.impleo, -ere -ivi -etum ----fill sup; satiate (with food, drink, etc.);fill up; make pregnant 1

.implico, -are ----weave around, fold up, entwine; involve, implicate; complicate. 2

.imploro, -are ----appeal (to a person or diety) for aid; implore 2

.impono, -ere -sui -situm ----put on top of, lay atop; set on, build on; put on (ornaments); impose upon... =.deceive. 1

.importo, -are ----import (commodities); impose (troubles) 3

.importunus, -a -um ----not suitable, suiting; inconvenient; pushy; hostile; inconsiderate 2

.imprecor, -ari ----invoke deities (for benefits, aid); pray for help (in case of calamities, disasters and curses; 2

.imprimo, -ere -essi -essum ----put pressure on, press, crush; stamp, print, imprint in the mind 1

.improbitas, -tatis f. ----lack of moral fiber, lack of character 3

.improbus, -a -um ----incorrect, wrong, evil, tricky; unjust, unrighteous, sexually "wanton", loose. 2

.improvidus, -a -um ----not looking forward; not foreseeing... 2

.improvisus, -a -um ----unforeseen 3

.imprudens, -ntis ----unaware of; ignorant of; not foreseeing the future, incautious 2

.impubis, -eris or -bis ----pre-pubescent, adolescent; youthful; beardless (of a male!) 2

.impudens, -ntis ----having no sense of shame; shameless; impudent. Cf pudet. 2

.impudentia, -iae ----shamelessness, impudence 2

.impudicus, -a -um ----unchaste, sexually promiscuous 2

.impugno, -are ----attack (mil.), attack (in court); impugn. 3

.impulsus, -us m ----driving forward, drive; instigation 2

.impune, adv. ----with impunity, without harm (to self), safely 1

.impunitas, -tatis f. ----impunity; an exemption from punishment, taxes, service etc.) 3

.impunitus, -a -um ----unpunished; exempt from punishment, responsibility for... 2

.impurus, -a -um ----filthy; vile; cheap in cost, not worth much. 2

.imus, -a -um ----lowest, lowest part of... ; the bottom... of; deep; of the lower reaches = Hell; 2

.in, prep. ----1 see next

.in, - joined negativizing prefix ----"not... ; un- 1

.in, - joined intensifying prefix ----highly..., more and more.... 1

.inamabilis, -e ----un-lovely, unloveable 4

.inanis, -e ----empty; hollow, deserted; groundless (of fears, hopes); unreal, empty 1

.inauditus, -a -um ----unheard; unheard of (hence rare and valuable, exotic!). 2

.inauratus, -a -um ----gilded, covered with gold, golden 2

.incanus, -a -um ----quite gray = old 4

.incassum, adv. ----in vain, emptily 4

.incautus, -a -um. ----unwary, unprotected 4

.incedo, -ere -ssi -ssum ----walk, walk forwards; march (mil.), walk in Roman style (i.e. slowly, striding) 3

.incendium, -ii n. ----fire (in a town); a burning star; the heat of the sun; the blazing up of any emotion 1

.incendo, -ere -endi -ensum ----light a fire, kindle, light up; combust; kindle (an emotion) 2

.incensio, -onis f. ----arson 4

.inceptum, -i n. ----an undertaking, a beginning of something... 4

.incertus, -a -um ----not fixed; uncertain (of outcome; mil.); undependable, unsure, wavering, 1

.incessus, -us m. ----2

.incesto, -are ----pollute (in religious and sexual senses) 4

.incido, -ere --di -casum ----throw oneself forward, rush headlong; fall under (a ruler); happen, occur. (short -i-). 2..

.incido, -ere -cidi -cisum ----slice into, cut; cut off, terminate, kill.. (long -i-) 2

.incipio, -ere -cept ceptum ----begin; undertake; start... ; begin with... ; take the lead. 2

.incitamentum, -i n. ----spur, inducement (only fig.) 4

.incito, -are ----cause to move fast, spur on; arouse, stimulate; stir-up feelings 2

.inclemens, -ntis ----inclement, bad (of weather, words, persons). 3

.inclementia, -iae f. ----harshness 5

.inclino, -are ----push over, influence; incline (see inclinatio above) 2

.includo, -ere -use -usum ----close in, seal in, blockade (mil.); bury out of sight; include; con-clude 2

.inclutus, -a -um (also inclytos as if Greek) ----well known; famous 2

.incognitus, -a -um ----unknown, unfamiliar; untested, unsure 3

.incoho, -are ----begin, start, undertake, engage in... 2

.incolo, -ere --ui ----inhabit, dwell in, live in... 2

.incolumis, -e ----unharmed, safe; complete, intact 2

.incomitatus, -a -um ----unaccompanied 5

.incommodus, -a -um ----bothersome, annoying, unpleasant 3

.inconcessus, -a -um ----not-conceded = forbidden 4

.inconsultus, -a -um ----not well considered, rash; not well advised 3

.incredibilis, -e ----unbelievable, not to be believed 2

.increpito, -are ----call loud, reproach vociferously 4

.increpo, -are -avi (-ui) iitum (atum) ----make a sharp rattling noise; attack verbally, yap at 2

.incresco, ere -evi (-e- is long), -etum ----grow, develop; increase 2

.incubo, -are ----lie down, lie down to rest; lie over (of a mist); hang over, lie down to sleep in a temple 2

.incultus, -a -um ----untended, uncultivated (land), unkempt (hair); uncouth, uncultured 2

.incultus, -us m. ----lack of cultivation 5

.incumbo, -ere -ui -itum ----lie down on, rest on; press down on (mil.), push into. 2

.incurro, -ere -(cu)currii -cursum ----rush at, run into; attack (mil.) happen = occur 3

.incursio, -onis f. ----attack (mil.) 3

.incurvo, are ----bend, curve over, make to stoop 4

.incuso, -are ----blame, criticize; put the blame on (in a legal action) 4

.incutio, -ire -cussi -cussum ----beat, hammer, whack; forge; forge (produce a new idea); threaten forcibly 2

.indago, -are ----track down (as in hunting with dogs); investigate 3

.indago, -inis f. ----a hunting party (trackers, beaters, net carriers). 3

.inde, adv. ----thence; hence, from that place; from this point in the argument 1

.indebitus, -a -um ----not owed 5

.indemnatus, -a -um ----not convicted (in a court of law) 4

.indemnis, -e ----not incurring a loss (legal) 4

.indeprensus, -a -um ----incomprehensible; indispensable 5

.index, -icis m. ----(that which points at =) the index finger; index of a book, a political informer or "rat" ; an indication, 1

.indicium, -ii n. ----an act of revealing, indicating; political "informing"; signification that.... 1

.indico, -are ----proclaim; declare; declare war; establish and promulgate (taxes, duties, punishment) 1

.indico, -ere -dixi -dictum ----appoint, declare; state, call for 2

.indignitas, -tatis f. ----unworthiness; humiliation 2

.indignor, -ari ----resent; be offended at; be indignant at... 2

.indignus, -a -um ----unworthy (of an honor); not deserving (punishment etc.); shameful 2

.indiligens, -ntis ----not diligent 5

.indomitus, -a um ----untamed (of animals); unconquered, uncontrollable 3

.induco, -ere -xi -ctum ----lead in, lead on, lead forward (mil.); produce, persuade, in-duce 1

.indulgeo, -ere -ulsi -ulsum ----be indulgent to... ; show kindness to... ; do a favor to... 1

.induo, -ere -ui -utum ----put on (clothes) put on (a manner) ; plunge a weapon into, instill (a feeling, an idea...) 1

.industria, -iae f. ----industriousness, diligence 3

.industrius, -ia -um ----diligent, industrious, hardworking 3

.indutiae, -arum f. pl. ----peace-treaty, armistice 2

.ineluctabilis, -e ----inescapable 5

.ineo, -ire -ivi -item ----enter, enter into; make love to; become a partner ; enter into (a business, a project, a scheme) 1

.inermis, -e ----unarmed, defenseless (mil.); pacifistic 3

.iners, -ertis ----unskilled, clumsy; untrained; lazy, without spirit. 2

.inertia, -iae f. ----lack of skill, training; laziness, sloth, indolence 2

.inexpertus, -a um ----inexperienced; untested 4

.inextricabilis, -e ----un-ravelable; inextricable 5

.infabricatus, -a -um ----not carefully fashioned, worked A trade word. 4

.infamis, -e ----having a bad reputation, scandalous 2

.infandus, -a -um ----unspeakable; disgraceful 2

.infans, -ntis ----one who is not speaking (fari))= child before the age of speech ; speechless, astonished 2

.infaustus, -a -um ----unlucky, unfortunate 4

.infectus, -a -um ----not done, completed; roughly worked, not per-fected 2

.infectus, -a -um ----dyed --from inficio. 5

.infelix, -icis ----unhappy, unlucky, unfortunate; undesirable 2

.infensus, -a -um ----hostile, angry, destructive 1

.inferiae, -arum f. pl. ----funeral rites; rituals for the departed dead. 1

.infernus, -a -um ----lower, o the lower side; "down under" = Hell ; of the underworld (hell); infernal. 1

.infero, -ferre- tuli -latum ----carry, carry forth bring forth (troops); press forward; introduce 1

.inferus, -a -um ----(comparative is inferior -oris lower) lower, downward; of the underworld, hellish= infernal 2

.infestus, -a -um ----hostile, aggressive; on the offensive (mil.); dangerous 1

.inficio, -ere -eci -etum ----(put something into =) stain, dye, color; make bloody with a stain; put in (poison) ; poison 2

.infigo, -ere -xi -xum ----drive (a weapon) in, infix, transfix (lit.); fix in the mind, fix the mind on... 2

.infindo, -ere ----split apart, cleave (of keel of a boat 4

.infinitus, -a -um ----unlimited, without end = infinite 2

.infirmitas, -tatis f. ----weakness, infirmity 3

.infirmo, - are ----weaken; disarm ;refute 3

.infirmus, -a -um ----weak, infirm, invalid 2

.infit, sg impers.. to infio ----- it starts, one begins... 2

.infitiator, -oris m. ----deny-er, one who owes money and refuses payment; bad debtor 3

.infitior, -eri ----deny, refuse 4

.inflammo, -are ----set on fire, set burning; inflame 2

.inflecto, ere- -xi ----bend, sway ; cause to change 2

.infligo, -ere -ixi -flictum ----strike on, inflict 2

.inflo, -are ----blow into; inspire 3

.influo, -ere -uxi -xum ----flow into (of rivers) 3

.informis, -e ----shapeless, misshapen, ugly to behold 2

.informo, -are ----shape, mould 2

.infra, adv. ----underneath, below 1

.infrendo, ere ----grind the teeth in anger 4

.infrenus, -a -um ----unbridled (of horses), wild; uncontrolled (of men), out of control 5

.infringo, ere -egi -actum ----break, break in on; shatter; weaken, defeat; foil 2

.infula, -ae f. ----a headband used in religious rituals, services 3

.infundo, ere -fudi -fusum ----pour on/over a liquid; pour on (money, arrows etc.); pouring into the sea; pour oneself out,relax." 2

.ingemino, -are ----repeat; double; double up (of effort) 4

.ingemo, ere ----groan over, sorrow over 4

.ingenium, -ii n. ----born in qualities of) character, nature; talent, ingenuity; genetic predisposition 1

.ingens, -ntis ----huge; oversize; grand, heroic 2

.ingenuus, -ua -uum ----native, free-born; decent, suitable and proper 2

.ingratus, -a -um ----thankless, ungrateful; unpleasant; disagreeable 2

.ingravesco, -ere ----become weighty, heavy; become weighed down, serious, aggravated 3

.ingredior, -i -ssum ----walk forwards; proceed; proceed to... ; attack (mil.) 1 cf. gradus.

.ingruo, -ere -ui ----bear down on (mil.) threaten 3

.inhio, -are ----gape (with open mouth) at, wonder at; pant after,desire to have... 3

.inhonestus, -a -um ----not-honest, dishonest; poor and mean in appearance 3

.inhorreo, -ere ----(of hair) bristle, stand on end ( 4 0

.inhospitalis, -e ----inhospitable (usually of places) 4

.iinhumanus, -a -um ----unhuman; inhuman; uncivilized; sub-human 2

.inhumatus, -a -um ----un-buried 3

.inicio, -ere -ieci -iectum ----throw forward, cast at... throw on (clothes); throw forth (an idea); "in-ject" an idea into an argument. 2

.inimicitia, -iae f. ----hostility, unfriendliness; ill-will 3

.inimicus, -a -um ----unfriendly; hostile; pertaining to the enemy (mil.); inimicable to... 1

.iniquitas, -tatis f. ----unlevelness (of land); unevenness (of disposition); unfairness; hostility. 3

.iniquus, -a -um ----uneven(of land); unfair (of attitudes); hostile, unfriendly; prejudices, slanted 1

.initio, -are ----initiate in a religious ritual 4

.initium, -ii n. ----start, beginning; inception, origin; source 1

.iniuria, -iae f. ----(that which is not proper under "ius" = law); legal injustice, legal injury 1

.iniuriosus, -a -um ----legally wrongful; injurious 3

.iniussus, -us m. ----lack of an order Used in abl. sg -u. 2

.iniussus, -a -um ----unauthorized; without proper "orders"; unasked for, done without orders. 2

.innascor, -i -natus ----be born in 3

.innecto, -ere -exi -ectum ----tie together, bind together; fasten 2

.innitor, -i -sus ----lean on; be supported by... ;depend on 2

.inno, -are ----swim in; swim on, float on; flow over (of water 5

.innocens, -ntis ----not harmful; not guilty = innocent legally; honorable, virtuous; harmless. 2

.innocentia, -iae f. ----innocence (only legal); harmlessness; uprightness of moral character 3

.innoxius, -ia -ium ----innocent, not guilty; harmless, inoffensive; not harmed 2

.innumerabilis, -e ----not countable, infinite 4

.innumerus, -a -um ----numberless 3

.innupta, -ae f. ----maiden, unmarried girl 4

.inolesco, -ere olevi oletum ----grow, develop; im-plant (used of vegetable life) ( 4 0

.inopia, -iae f. ----lack, deprivation; neediness, poverty; shortage (of goods, of words, of ideas) 2

.inopinans, -ntis ----not suspecting ( 5 0

.inopin(at)us, -a -um ----unforseen; unforseeing ( 4 0

.inops, -opis ----lacking, poor, impoverished; destitute; resourceless; powerless; lacking (words etc.) 1

.inquam, (def. verb.) inquivi ----say; says he, say I

.insania, -iae f. ----insanity, madness; insane actions, marks of insanity; rage 2

.insanus, -a -um ----insane, crazy; crazed, acting as if insane; extravagant, uncontrolled, wild. 2

.insciens, -ntis ----not aware of, not knowing about... ;ignorant, stupid 3

.inscientia, -iae f. ----lack of knowledge, ignorance of... 2

.inscius, -a -um ----not knowing = ignorant = stupid! 3

.inscribo, ere -psi -ptum ----write (something) in, on; mark, label; address (a letter); title (a book); write down ; carve an inscription 2"

.insepultus, -a -um ----unburied (a horror for Roman sensibilities) 4

.insequor, -i -cutus ----follow after, pursue; fellow next in line; follow up on.. (mil.); pursue (an idea) 1

.insero, ere -evi -itum ----plant, emplant, graft (with a shoot); engraft (an idea). 2

.inserto, -are ----insert, (a shoot, an idea etc 5

.insideo, ere ----sit on,ride on, be sit-uated on; be present at... "ride" = bother... 2

.insidiae, -ae f. pl. ----traps, an ambush (mil.) 2

.insidiator, -oris m. ----a soldier in an ambush; robber lying in wait; trickster 3

.insidior, -ari ----be in an ambush, lie in wait for someone 2

.insidiosus, -a -um ----full of ambushes; tricky; insidious 3

.insido, -ere -sedi -sessum ----sit on, settle down on (birds, insects); settle down in a position (mil.); settle in 2

.insignis, -e ----insignium, medal, decoration (on dress); badge 2

.insilio, -ire ----jump on, leap upon; attack suddenly 4

.insimulo, -are ----charge, maker a charge 4

.insinuo, -uare ----insinuation, worm into somebody s favor; sneak thoughts into.... 2

.insisto, -ere -stiti ----stand on; get (something) afoot; pres forth, press on, insist on.. ; come to a stand-still 2

.insolens, -ntis ----not usual; unaccustomed unheard of; arrogant = Engl. insolent 2

.insolitus, -a -um ----unaccustomed, unusual, strange 2

.insomnium, -ii n. ----(in sg.): a nightmare; (in pl.) insomnia. 2

.insono, are ----make a loud sound; 5

.insons, -ntis ----not guilty (legal) 5

.inspecto, -are ----look at, observe closely 4

.insperatus, -a -um ----unexpected, un-hoped for 3

.inspicio, -ere -exi -ectum ----inspect, look over, observe; investigate; grasp mentally 2

.inspiro, -are ----breathe upon, breathe in(feelings); animate 2

.instabilis, -e ----unsure on the feet, unsure of stance, unstable; wavering (in purpose(=); unreliable ( 2 0

.instar, -aris n. ----equal and equivalent ; measured equal to... ; in the manner of... ; (instar + gen:) just like, in the manner of 2

.instauro, -are ----renew, renew in a religious ritual, recommence; restore, recommence 2

.insterno, ere -stravi -stratus ----spread out (like a blanket); cover (a floor); cover something with... (abl.) 2

.instigo, are ----arouse, instigate, incite 3

.instituo, -uere -ui -utum ----set up, establish, undertake 2

.insto, are -stiti ----stand forth, step forward; take a stand, take a stand against... ; be at hand, 1

.instrumentum, -i n. ----equipment, tools, an implement 3

.instruo, -ere -uxi -uctum ----draw up, arrange, organize; construct a building ; fully outfit and equip; 2

.insuefactus, -a -um ----trained 3

.insuetus, -a -um ----unaccustomed; unusual 4

.insula, -ae f. ----an island; a block of an apartment house 2

.insulto, -are ----leap on, trample; in-sult 4

.insum, esse fui ----be in, be a part of, be involved in, contained in.. 2

.insuo, -ere ----sew up, sew in (a parricide in a bag;) see parricide. 4

.insuper, adv. ----above, overhead 2

.insuperabilis, -e ----insuperable 4

.insurgo, -ere -rexi ----rise up; come into being, arise;rise up = revolt; rise (in status, position); become elevated 1

.intactus, -a -um ----untouched; unharmed; virginal, un-used 2

.integer, -gra -grum ----whole, complete; undamaged, completely open minded and frank; strong. 1

.integritas, -tatis f. ----wholeness, integrity; purity 3

.intellego, -ere -exi -ectum ----understand, figure out, comprehend, understand (words, language, meaning 2

.intemeratus, -a -um ----unstained, pure; sexually chaste ( 3 0

.intempestus, -a -um ----unseasonable, bad (of weather) 3

.intendo, -ere -tendi -tensus ----stretch out, stretch tight (of a bowstring); stretch out (anything), draw oneself up tight; strain after 1

.intento, -are ----stretch out towards; strain the eyes at, examine 3

.inter, prep with acc. ----between, among, 1

.intercedo, ere -cessi -cessum ----intervene, intercede; occur between (friends, partners veto 2

.intercessio, -onis f. ----a legal guarantee, surety; a veto 4

.intercipio, -ere -cept -ceptum ----sieze, intercept, capture; steal, embezzle; but short, interrupt 2

.intercludo, -ere -cluse -clusum ----close off, blockade (mil.); hinder, prevent 2

.interdico, ere- dixi dictum ----inter-dict, forbid, prohibit; issue a restraining order 2

.interdiu, (interdius) adv. ----in the daytime, by daylight 2

.interdum, adv. ----from time to time, periodically 1

.interea, adv. ----meanwhile, in the meantime 1

.intereo, -ire -ivi -item ----(go between the two worlds=) die, be destroyed, perish. 1

.interficio, -ere -feci -fectum ----(make to go between=) kill, destroy, finish off; terminate 1

.interfor, -fari -fatus ----interrupt a speech, or talk. 4

.interfundo, -ere -fudi fusum ----pour in between, pour over 3

.interiaceo, ere -ieci -iectum ----lie between (geog.); come between = intervene 3

.intericio, -ere -ieci ----interpose, intersperse; insert 3

.interim, adv. ----meanwhile, in the "interim" 1

.interimo, -ere -emi -emptum ----(take away life =) kill; destroy 2

.interior, -oris ----inner, inside; interior; inland (the Interior); intimate; remote 1

.interitio, -onis f. ----death, destruction 2

.interitus, ----= interitio. 3

.interluo, -ere ----(of rivers) wash between (the lands) 5

.intermitto, -ere -misi -missim ----let stop, make intermittent; interrupt; let go the use of... 2

.internecio, -onis f. ----slaughter, extermination; genocide 3

.interpello, -are ----interrupt, block, obstruct; accost, bring a legal case against 2

.interpono, -ere -sui ----place in between; inset; take part in... ;interpose = veto 2

.interpres, -etis m. ----a business negotiator; an ambassador; a language translator; interpreter of omens 2

.interritus, -a -um ----not terrified 5

.interrogo, -are ----ask questions, interrogate in court, bring a case to court 3

.interrumpo, -ere -rupi -ruptum ----break in on; interrupt 5

.interscindo, ere ----cut off, break off, sever; interrupt 4

.intersum, -esse =fui ----be between, stand between; be present, participate in.. ; differ, make a difference;... 1

.intervallum, i n. ----any space between, a valley, a gap; and interval of time 2

.interventus, -us m. ----something which comes to pass 5

.intestinus, -a -um ----internal, with a given country 4

.intexto, -textere -texui -textum ----weave, weave up, embroider; insert (an idea, word, etc.). 3

.intono, -tonare -tonui ----make a thundering sound, thunder 4

.intorqueo, -torquere -torsi -tortum ----spin, twist around; contort; hurl (spinning action of slingers in army). 3

.intra ----within, inside, within the area or time of...; (physically) within. 1

.intractabilis, -e ----unmanageable, wild. 5

.intremo, -ere ----shake, vibrate. 5

.intritus, -a -um ----un-crushed, un-abraded. 5

.intro, adv. ----within, on the inside. 3

.intro, -are ----penetrate; enter into.; investigate. 3

.introduco, -ducere -duxi -ductum ----bring forward, introduce, (legal) bring an action; raise (a subject for discussion). 2

.introeo, -ire -ii -itum ----enter, enter on the stage, appear in court; enter into a family. 3

.introgredior, -gredi -gressus, dep. ----enter into. 5

.introitus, -us, m. ----entrance, entry, beginning; invasion (mil.). 2

.intromitto, -mittere -misi -missum ----let come in, admit (lit.), introduce. 3

.introrsus, (introrsum) ----inwards, innerly. 5

.introrumpo, -rumpere -rupi -ruptum ----break in (of housebreaking, of invasion of a country). 5

.intueor, -tueri -tuitus, dep. ----look at, observe, examine, face or look towards, ( 2

.inultus, -a -um ----unavenged 3

.inuro, -urere -ussi -ustum ----scorch, burn, burn a mark into, burn in (hate, pain.). 3

.inusitatus, - a -um ----strange, foreign; barbarian. 5

.inutilis, -e ----un-usable, useless, bad, worthless. 2

.invado, -vadere -vasi -vasum ----invade (mil.), press on; continue (in an argument). 2

.invalidus, -a -um ----weak, debilitated, feeble. 3

.inveho, -vehere -vexi -vectum ----ride or sail in (lit.); bring in, import; run up against i.e. attack. 2

.invenio, -venire -veni -ventum ----come upon, find, discover; invent; seek out ; come to (an end), finish. 1

.inventor, -oris, m. and inventrix -tricis, f. ----discoverer; finder; inventor, 5

.invergo, -ere ----pour all over.... 5

.investigo, -are ----track down, trace, investigate 2

.inveterasco, -ascere -avi ----to age, ripen, mature; become habitual, 3

.invictus, -a -um ----unconquered (mil.), unconquerable, strong, resolved, firm in mind. 2

.invideo, -videre, -vidi, -visum ----lit. look askance at: ;begrudge, envy, be jealous of.... (takes dat. object) 1

.invidia, -ae, f. ----ill-will, dislike, hate; (also) jealously, envy, 1

.invidiosus, -a -um ----envious; causing envy, envied; hateful. 3

.invidus, -a -um ----envious, grudging. 3

.inviolatus, -a -um ----un-violated, undamaged. 3

.inviso, -visere -visi -visum ----visit, see, see over, look over. 3

.invisus, -a -um ----unseen. 3

.invisus, -a -um ----hated. 3

.invito, -are ----invite, entertain, induce. 2

.invitus, -a -um ----unwilling, against one s will. 2

.invius, -a -um with a road, impassable 2 ----

.involvo, -volvere -volvi -volutum ----roll up, curl up, cover up, wrap up. 2

.ipse, -a -um ----self, oneself ; himself, herself, themselves (used for emphasis; as a reflexive).. 1

.ira, -ae, f. ----anger, ire, wrath; rage. 1

.iracundia, -ae, f. ----anger, irritability, ire. 3

.iracundus, -a um ----angry, arguable. 3

.irascor, -i, dep. ----become (be) angry. 3

.irremeabilis, adj. ----having no way back. 5

.irrepo, -ere -psi ----crawl in, enter slyly, worm one s way into. 2

.irretio, -ire -ivi ----catch in a net. 4

.irrideo, -ere -risi-risum ----laugh at, mock 2

.irridiculus, -a -um ----not funny, not humorous, not amusing 2

.irrigo, -are ----to water, wet down 3

.irrito, -are ----anger irritate, provoke; stimulate. 2

.irritus, -a -um ----invalid, unrealized, empty, void, unvalidated. 2

.irrumpo, -ere ----up, upturn, burst in, rush forward (mil.); penetrate. 2

.irruo, -ere -ui ----rush into or at; attack (physically or verbally). 2

.irruptio, -onis, f.. ----attack, assault. 3

.is, ea, id ----he, she, it; this one (here, nearer, on this side), 1

.iste, ista, istud, demonst pron.. ----he, she, that (over there), 1

.ita, adv. thus ; ita often fills in for yes 1thus ; ita often fills in for yes 1

itane? ----interrog., really?, 3

.itaque, adv. ----and so, therefore. 2

.item ----in the same way, likewise 1

.iter, itineris, n. ----a journey, march (mil.), progression, route, road,

.iterum ----again, a second time, over..again. 2

.iuba, -ae, f. ----any bunch of flowing hair; mane of a horse; crest of a woodpecker; tail of a comet; beard on wheat, etc.. 3

.iubar, -aris, n. ----light of dawn (= Gr. eos); any celestial light, shining object. 3

.iubeo, iubere iussi iussum ----order, give orders, give military instructions; decree. 1

.iucundus, -a -um ----pleasant, pleasing, agreeable (of persons, places, actions, etc.). 1

.iudex, -icis, m. ----judge (various officials employ this title, ( 1

.iudicialis, -e and iudiciarius -a -um ----judicial, forensic, legal. 3

.iudicium, -ii n. ----judgment, a legal decision 1

.iudico, -are ----try a case, judge; come to an opinion; make a decision; decide in general; discern, figure out.... 1

.iugalis, -e ----referring to the yoked condition of draft animals, yoked; married !,

.iugerum, -i, n. ----an acre. 3

.iugo, -are ----bind together, tie up; "tie the knot" = marry. 3

.iugulum, -i, n. and iugulus -i, m. ----the throat, part of the throat one slices; murder. 3

.iugum, -i, n. ----the yoke to join animals; a draft pair; plowing by draft animals; a cross beam ; a ridge ; marriage (as if = coniugium). 1

.iumentum, -i, n. ----a beast of burden. 5

.iunctura, -ae, f. ----a joint (anatomy, carpentry); combination, bringing together (of persons). 3

.iungo, iungere iunxi iunctum ----join (under a yoke), joint, bring together, combine, perform jointly, be connected with; join in marriage. 1

.iuro, -are ----swear, take an oath; promise; say under (legal) oath. 1

.ius, iuris, n. ----soup. (rare word) 1

.ius, iuris, n. ----law, Law as practiced and perfected by the Romans 1

.iussus, -us, f. (used only in abl. sing. iussu) ----by order of...; (historical and mil. only). 1

.iustitia, -ae, f. ----justice, equity. 2

.iustus, -a -um ----approved by law, just; deserving, equitable; justifiable, justified; proper; (mil.) the "regulars". 1

.iuvenalis, -e ----young, youthful. 3

.iuvencus, -a -um ----young. 5

.iuvenis, -is, adj. ----youthful; (also used as noun) a young man, . 3

.iuventa, -ae, f. ----youth, :the young"; Youth. 3

.iuventas, -atis, f. ----youth, the young; Youth. 3

.iuventus, -utis, f. ----youth, youthfulness. 3

.iuvo, -are iuvi iutum ----help, aid; foster; develop; improve; give aid;give pleasure to. 1

.iuxta, adv. ----near, close to..., close (in time); similarly to..., like; almost. 1

.labefacio, -facere -feci -factum, (pass., labefio -fieri -factus sum) ----cause to fall apart, destroy, totter 3

.labefacto, -are ----cause to fall apart, undermine, weaken. 3

.labes, -is, f. ----fall, ruin, collapse; disaster; defect, spot, stain ; disgrace, fall (from high position). 2

.labo, -are ----to totter, waver, be about to fall, begin to sink. (?)

.labor, labi lapsus, dep. ----to glide, slide; to slip, fall down, decline; to make a mistake. 2

.labor, (labos) -oris, m. ----work, toil, a struggle; a Labor (of Heracles); piece of work, product; pain, labor (of birth); wear. 1

.laboriosus, -a -um ----laborious, hard-working; boring, painful. 3

.laboro, -are ----work, take pains; be strained, overwork; labor under... (difficulties, stress, sickness). 2

.labrum, -i, n. ----the lip (anatomically), lip for kissing, drinking, pouting; "lip winking"; lip of a cup, bank of a river, (the -a- is short). 2

.lbrum, -i, n. ----basin, bowl for mixing; bathtub, bath (the -a- is long. 2

.lac, lactis, n. ----milk (human and animal = mammalian); any white liquid, sap, latex. 2

.lacer, -cera -cerum ----lacerated, torn, damaged (of clothes, bodies, armies, etc.). 3

.lacero, -are ----lacerate, rend, tear apart (physically, or verbally), attack. 2

.lacertus, -i, m. ----arm, upper arm; muscle (biceps and triceps); muscle = force, power, 3

.lacesso, -ere -ivi -itum ----provoke, assail, attack; challenge. 2

.lacrima, (lacruma) -ae, f. ----a tear, weeping, lament; something that oozes (mineral, vegetable, etc.), 1)

.lacrimabilis, -e ----tearful; pitiful. 5

.lacrimo, (lacrumo) -are ----shed tears, weep, bewail; drip gum (plants). 3

.lactans, -antis ----sucking mother s milk; milking, exuding milk or "milk:. 4

.lactens, -entis = ----lactans; 4

.lacus, - us, m. ----a lake, pond; tank, water trough. 2

.laedo, laedere laesi laesum ----harm, offend, hurt; damage, injure; offend verbally. 2

.laena, -ae, f. ----cloak. 5

.laetatio, -onis f, -- ----rejoicing, joy 2

.laetitia, -ae, f. ----joy, happiness; verbal ornamentation. 2

.laetor, -ari, dep. ----be joyful. 2

.laetus, -a -um ----(originally) lush, luxuriant, blooming (of land); rich and happy, successful, pleasurable; florid (in verbal style, 2

.laevus, -a -um ----left (as opposed to right hand); on the left side; (hence) unfavorable, unlucky, evil, 2

.lambo, lambere lambi ----lick, lick up, lap; lap (of waves), lap at (of fire licking), of plants climbing up on something.... 2

.lamenta, -orum, n. pl. ----wailing, weeping. 4

.lamentabilis, -e ----lamentable. 5

.lamentatio, -onis, f. ----weeping, wailing. 4

.lamentor, -ari, dep. ----weep, wail, lament. 3

.lampas, -padis, f. ----a torch, lantern; lamp of the sun, moon. 2

.languidus, -a -um ----languid, drooping, weak, idle, faint. 2

.languor, -oris, m. ----faintness, languor, sluggishness. 3

.laniger, -gera -gerum ----wool bearing; wooly. 3

.lanio, -are ----slash up, butcher, mangle; tear apart (verbally). 3

.lapidosus, - a -um ----stoney, full of stones, hard objects; ; arthritic lapidification Persius 5, 5 8. 4

.lapis, -idis, m. ----pebble, a stone; stone in general, masonry; gallstone; gemstone. 2

.lapso, -are ----to slip, stumble. 5

.lapsus, -us, m. ----slipping, falling, stumbling; a glide; fall from favor, position; falling into error. 2

.laquare, -is, n, (esp. plur.laquearia) ----a panelled ceiling. 5

.lar, laris m. ----protecting household divinity (. pl. Lares) 1

.lares ----pl of lar 1

.largior, -iri, dep. ----give (gifts) liberally, bestow; bestow (for political favor), bribe; permit. 2

.largitio, -onis, f. ----big spending, be-gifting; politically bribing, giving; giving of public dole, favors; bribery. 3

.largitor, -oris, m. ----a big spender, generous giver; one who bribes. 4

.largus, -a -um ----generous, liberal, lavish, copious, (but not bribery). 1

.lassitudo, -inis, f. ----tiredness, fatigue. 3

.lassus, -a -um ----tired, weary, mentally fagged out; troubled. 2

.latebra, -ae, f. ----hiding place, den; concealment; hidden meaning; eclipse. 3

.latebrosus, -a -um ----full of hiding places, secret;, porous as the stone pumex "pumice ", 5

.lateo, -ere ----be in hiding, hide, be invisible, be "latent". 2

.latex, -ticis, m. ----water, running water; juice of a plant,sap. 3

.latitudo, -inis ----breadth (of an object); size, breadth of writing; a "broad" pronunciation, Cic. 2

.lator, - oris, m. ----the proposer of a law. cf. fero 4

.latratus, -us, m. ----barking; shouting aloud. 4

.latro, -are ----bark, howl; clamor, (the -a- is short). 2 see next

.ltro, -onis, m. ----robber, highwayman; mercenary soldier, (the -a- is long (From lateo, "be hidden", i.e. a "rob-on-the-road" see prev

.latrocinium, -i, n. ----robbery; pillage with force; a robber band. 3

.latrocinor, -ari, dep. ----to rob; be a mercenary soldier 3

.latus, -a -um ----broad, wide, widely distributed, extensive, broad in scope, style, of "broad" pronunciation (a drawl). 1

.latus, -eris, n. ----side of the body, side in general; one side (in law); flank of an army. 1

.laudo, -are ----praise, extol, laud 1

.laurus, -i, f. ----laurel tree; laurel herb (our bay leaf) ; laurel used in magic; festive laurel; laurel as crown of poets; laurel as sign of victory, 2

.laus, laudis, f. ----praise, laudation, merit. 1

.lavo, lavare or lavere lavi lautum or lotum or lavatum ----to wash, bathe; to moisten, wet; to wash away. 2

.laxo, -are ----widen, expand, open up; undo (doors, locks, etc.); untie, free; remove pressure, i.e. relax. 2

.laxus, -a -am ----loose, relaxed 3

.lebes, -etis, m. ----cauldron, boiling-pot. 5

.lectulus, -i, m. ----a small bed; couch for eating; reclining couch for reading. 5

.lectus, -i m. ----bed, couch 2

.lectus, -a -um ----chosen, special, select(ed) 2

.legatio, -onis, f. ----legation, a body of persons sent as an embassy; office of the "legatus". 2

.legatus -i, m. ----"legate" = ambassador; military aide-officer, staff officer; deputy of an empire. 1

.legifer, -fera -ferum ----law-bearing (Ceres) 5

.legio, -onis, f. ----force. 1

.legionarius, -a -um ----a soldier (belonging to a legion). 3

.legitimus, (legitumus -a -um ----pertaining to the law, lawful; legal; legitimate (of progeny); proper, customary. 2

.lego, -are ----bestow, bequeath, leave as a legacy; empower.. as legate, deputy of ambassador, appoint as envoy. 2

.lego, legere legi (-e- is long), lectum ----pick, pick out, select; remove; choose, select out...; pick out = read, study, learn by reading. 1

.lenio, -ire ----to make mild, mitigate, mollify. 2

.lenis, - e ----mild, gentle, quiet; soft (of sounds, motions), mild (food, wine). 1

.lenitas, -atis, f. and lenitudo -inis, f. ----smoothness, mildness, gentleness. 3

.leno, -onis, m. ----pimp, whore-monger, agent for call-girls 4)

.lento, -are ----make pliable, soft 3

.lentus, -a -um ----slow, sluggish, liable 2

.leo, -onis, m. ----a lion; a fierce person, leonine personality; Leo in the Zodiac. 3

.lepidus, -a -um ----lovely, charming, nice. 2

.lepus, -oris, m. ----rabbit (the rodent); my rabbit = love; the Hare constellation. 4

.letalis, -e ----fatal, deadly. 5

.letifer, -fera -ferum ----deadly. 5

.letum, -i, n. ----death, killing, destruction. 2

.levamen, -inis, n. and levamentum -i, n. ----solace, relief, comfort. 4

.levis, -e ----light, quick, lightfooted; light-armed (troops), ; lightly-borne, slight, light and frivolous; light-headed, (the -e- is short) 1

.lvis, -e ----smooth, slippery; free from hairiness; smooth-sounding (of speech), (The -e- is long). 2

.levitas, -atis, f. ----lightness; gentleness; unreliability, fickleness, (Note the -e- is short). 2

.levo, -are ----lift up, lighten, relieve, ease, refresh, (Note the -e- is short). 2

.lvo, -are ----smoothe, polish; de-hair, (Note the -e- is long). 2

.lex, legis, f. ----Law; the law, legal process, laws, statute, constitution of a state; laws enacted by senate or emperor 1

.libamen, -inis, n. ----a religious wine offering. 4

.libellus, -i, m. (orig. liber-lus) ----a small book, small volume (of poetry: Catullus); notebook; announcement, programme, 3

.lber, -era -erum ----free, a free born Roman (legally); politically free, free from..; free from debt, (the -i- is long). 1

.lber, -i, m. spec. pl. ----free-born ones, i.e children of free men.) (the -i- is long). 1

.Liber, -eri, m. ----Italic deity of growing plants, later identified with Dionysus/Bacchus; (hence) wine (symbolically). 1

.liber, -bri, m. ----(originally) bark, wood shingle; (thin) sacred book (written on wood); book in general, volume, codex;. 1

.liberalis, -e ----of free men; (hence) honest, good, liberal, " gentlemanly", 2

.liberalitas, -ati ----

.s, f. ----generosity, goodness of heart, openness. 3

.libero, -are ----free, manumit (slaves), release, deliver; acquit (legal) fulfill a contract or debt. 1

.libertas, -tatis f. ----liberty, freedom 2

.libertinus, -a -um ----a freed man (especially referring to social/legal classification of persons), 2

.libet, (lubet) -bere -buit or -bitum est, impers. ----it is pleasing, is to be desired, 2

.libido, (lubido) inis, f. ----lust, sexual passion; wish, pleasure; any wish or desire 2

.libo, -are ----pour out (a ritual libation); touch with the lips, nibble, kiss; reduce, diminish (as if pouring out). 2

.libro, -are ----balance, keep even to the ground, level; calibrate an incline (architecture/aqueducts), 3

.liceor, -eri -itus ----make a bid, but a price on (sale, auction). 3

.licet, -ere -ui -itum (impersonal vb. 3rd pers. sing. only) ----it is permitted ; "OK, yes "(in answer to a question), 1

.lignatio, -onis f. ----gathering of firewood. 5

.lignator, - oris, m. ----man who collects wood. 5

.lignum, -i, n. ----wood, the material of trees; stumps and trunks and limbs; wood as a material for cabinet/furniture making, 2

.ligo, -are ----tie, bend, tie up; fasten, bind fast; bind together (in marriage, friendship, business dealings). 1

.lilium, -i, n. ----the "lily" ; (mil.) a booby trap (pit-fall with stakes at bottom). 4

.limbus, -i, m. ----ornamental hem on an ornamental robe 5

.limen, -inis, m. ----door step, sill, door beam 1)

.limes, -itis, m. ----(originally) a line, path, roadway; boundary, limit; stone boundary marker. 1

.limosus, -a -um ----muddy. 3

.limus, -a -um ----squinty, looking sideways, giving a sideways look to.... 3

.lineus, -a -um ----of flax, linen. 5

.lingua, -ae, f. ----tongue, speech, language, dialect; any tongue shaped object. 2

.lingula, -ae ----a little slip (tongue) of land 5

.linquo, -ere licui (-i- is long),lictum ----leave, leave alone, desert, abandon; leave out. 3

.linter, -tris, f. ----a light sailboat. 4

.linteum, -i, n. ----linen; anything made of linen, from sailcloth to napkins for the table. 4

.linum, -i, n. ----the flax plant, linen thread, cloth, object of linen, linen clothing; linseed oil. 2

.liquefacio, -facere -feci -factum, (pass. liquefio -fieri -factus sum, ----melt, liquify. 5

.liqueo, -eri licui (liqui ----melt, become liquid; be clear (mentally). 3

.liquidus, -a -um ----liquid, flowing, fluid; (then) limpid, clear (sky), bright, transparent; (of mind) clear, untroubled. 1

.liquor, -ari, dep. ----become liquid, flow, run. 3

.liquor, -oris, m. ----fluidity, liquidity; transparency, clarity. 3

.lis, -litis, f. ----lawsuit, litigation; disagreement. 2

.lito, -are: intransit. ----sacrifice (for atonement, for omens, to propitiate gods). 5

.litoralis, -e and litoreus -a -um ----inhabiting the seashore. 5

.littera, (litera) -ae, f. ----letter of the alphabet; a letter, epistle or missive; education ; written material, literature; scholarship. 1

.litteratus, -a -um ----bearing letters, an inscription; a man well lettered = cultured. 3

.litura, -ae, f. ----smudging, smearing, inking over, blotting out 3

.litus, -oris, n. ----seashore, coast, bank (of a river), beach. 3

.lituus, -i, m. ----an augur s curved staff; a curved cavalry trumpet, clarion. 5

.lividus, -a -um ----dark colored, dusky; envious, jealous 2

.loco, -are ----place, locate, set; locate (troops); let (contracts), invest money, place (at interest); give in marriage. 1

.locuples, -pletis ----rich (in land = locus), rich, wealthy; rich in language (rhetoric); rich (in mind, imagination). 2

.locupleto, -are ----make rich. 4

.locus, -i, m. ----any place, situation, location, place for...; ground, land; position (socially); place (in a book); topic, theme, 1

.longaevus, -a -um ----aged, old. 5

.longinquitas, -atis, f. ----remoteness; length; duration. 3

.longinquus, -a -um ----remote, from afar, long in time; far off. 2

.longitudo, -inis, f. ----length, lengthiness, duration of time. 2

.longiusculus, -a -um ----rather long, longish 5

.longurius, -i, m. ----a long pole. 5

.longus, -a -um ----long, large, tall; lengthy (of speech), long in time, far away (times, places). 1

.loquella, (loquela) -ae, f. ----speech. 5

.loquor, loqui locutus, dep. ----talk, speak; speak of, mention, say that...; speak conversationally. 1

.lorica, -e, f. ----leather and metal chest-ornament; fortified parapet (mil.). 4

.lorum, -i, n. ----strap = shoelace of leather, necklace strap for children s I.D.; leather whip; dog-lash, horse-rein; vomitory-strap 4

.lubricus, -a -um ----oily, slippery, sliding; flowing (of liquids), un-stable (of human affairs, states, fate). 2

.luceo, lucere luxi ----give off light, shine, sparkle; be clear and evident, be obvious; be seen as excellent. 3

.lucidus, -a -um ----bright, shining, clear; lucid. 3

.lucifer, -fera -ferum ----light bearing; the morning star = morning; (Lucifer as the Devil does not appear here). 3

.luctor, -ari, dep. ----fight, struggle, grapple; wrestle. 2

.lucus, -i, m. ----grove, sacred grove 2"

.ludibrium, -i, n. ----toy, plaything; silly child s toy, something foolish; derision, mockery ; a sham. 2

.ludo, ludere lusi lusum ----play, kid around; play (at dice), gamble; play (at love); play a part (in theater); play (as against work); trifle. 1

.ludus, -i, m. ----play, a game; a show (theatrical); festival; kidding around, fun : ludus litterarum, ludus gladiatorius. 1

.lues, -is, f. ----a plague; pestilence; corruption {of character); melting ice : 2

.lugeo, lugere luxi: intransit. ----weep, lament, mourn. 3

.lumen, -inis, n. ----light (sun, star, moon or lamp); a "light" = window; the eye, eyes, (poetical only); light falling on the mind; "shining light" = glory. 1

.luna, -ae, f. ----the moon; month; crescent moon (and any crescent shaped jewelry). 1

.lunatus, -a -um ----shaped like a crescent (moon). 5

.luo, luere lui luiturus ----pay a debt, suffer a punishment; complete a contract, fulfil a promise; free = liberate. 1

.lupinus, -a -um ----of a wolf, wolfish. 5

.lupus, -i, m. ----wolf; the fish called wolf; any jagged implement; a toothed hook. 2

.lustro, -are ----spread light on, over; cast one s eyes over, look at; cast cleansing eyes on = purify, "lustrate", expiate sin 2

.lustrum, -i, n. ----haunts, wild country; den; den of vice 3

.lustrum, -i, n. ----five year recurring expiatory period; period of a stellar cycle, Lucr.. 3

.lux, lucis, f. ----light, daylight, daytime, dawn; eyesight ; mental light "it dawns on me"; light = glimmer of hope. 1

.luxuria, -ae, and luxuries -ei, f. ----jungle-like overgrowth of plants; overgrown-ness; overdoing things; overindulgence, 2

.luxus, -us, m. ----overindulgence, tasteless over-extravagance. 2

.lychnus, -i, m. ----an (oil) lamp (the word was borrowed with the object from the Greeks). 5

.lympha, -ae, f. ----water, water-goddess, 2)

.lynx, -ncis, f. ----a lynx, puma, mountain-cat; lynx-skin. 5

.machina, -ae, f. ----any machine, device, mechanical contrivance (winch, windlass, rock-cannon, scaffolding, battering-ram etc.),

.machinatio, -onis, f. ----engineering ability; machinery. 5

.machinator, -oris, m. ----engineer; devisor (of plots etc.). 5

.machinor, -ari, dep. ----devise, to engineer, fabricate. 4

.macies, -ei, f. ----thinness (of body; of soil; stylistics). 4

.macto, -are ----honor (at a sacrifice); sacrifice an animal; kill. 2

.macula, -ae, f. ----spot, stain, skin discoloration; disgrace and stigma; (also) knot in a net. 3

.maculo, -are ----spot, stain; dishonor stigmatize. 3

.maculosus, -a -um ----spotted, stained; disgraceful; (of style) spotty. 3

.madefacio, -facere -feci -factum ----soak, soak in, dye; soak up (liquor). 3

.madeo, -ere ----be wet, soaked, boiled, soaked" = drunk. 3

.madesco, madescere madui ----become wet; become soft (by cooking, ripening). 3

.madidus, -a -um ----wet, dripping; crying; drenched with oil, perfumes; drunk. 2

.maereo, -ere: intransit. ----grieve, be sad, be in mourning for.... 2

.maeror, -oris, m. ----mourning, grief. 3

.maestus, -a -um ----sad, gloomy, grieving, in mourning; grim; ill-omened. 1

.magalia, -ium, n. pl. ----Carthaginian native houses, huts, Al Magal in Algiers 5

.magicus, -a -um ----magical 4

.magister, -tri, m. ----master ; general; master of a religious collegium;, instructor in a discipline; past-master = expert, )

.magistratus, -us, m. ----magistracy; public office; public officer. 2

.magnanimus, -a -um ----great-minded. 2

.magnificus, -a -um ----magnificent, luxurious, proud; (sometimes) boastful, over-proud. 1

.magnitudo, -inis, f. ----size, expanse, volume, duration, force, weight; rank, status. 1

.magnopere, and separately magno opere ----greatly, very much. 2

.magnus, -a -um ----big, large, great; numerous; big (in value, sound, impression); great (tasks), famous and great. 1

.mala, -ae ----cheek, lower face; the jaws, mandible, (note the -a- is long, distinguishing it from "malus" (short -a-) = evil). 2

.malacia, -ae, f. ----dead-calm at sea; nausea, (Greek malakia). 5

.maleficium, -i, n. ----wrongdoing. 5

.malesuadus, -a -um ----ill-advising. 5

.malignus, -a -um ----ill-willed; poor, cheap, shoddy. 2

.malleolus, -i, m. ----a little hammer; hammer-shaped tree-shoot for grafting a hand-grenade, 4

.malo, malle malui ----prefer, like better, (maius + volo). 1

.malus, -a -um ----bad, evil, harmful, hostile,

.malus, -i, fem.! ----apple-tree, (malum, "apple")(The -a- is long). 1

.malus, -i, m. ----pole; mast of a ship, (the -a- is long, . 1

.mamma, -ae, f. ----breast (human), udder of cows, etc.; (in baby-talk:) mommy. 3

.mando, -are ----entrust (to someone), legally entrust, entrust to memory ; commission; order, 1

.mando, mandere mandi mansum ----bite, chew on, manducate, (Late Latin manducare). 4

.mane, adv. : ----early, early in the AM, (not mane" imp. of maneo, . 2

.maneo, manere mansi mansum ----stay, wait, remain; wait for, ( 2

.manes, -ium, m. pl. ----ghosts of the dead (much revered in Roman religion); place where ghosts are = Underworld, place of death. 2

.manica, -ae, f. ----manacles, handcuffs; cuffs, gloves. 5

.manicatus, -a -um ----having long sleeves. 5

.manifestus, -a -um ----caught in the act; obviously guilty; evident, obvious, clear. 2

.manipulus, (poet, maniplus) -i, m. ----a handful; small group; a company of infantrymen. 2

.mano, -are ----drip, flow (by drops rather than in a flood); (of light) leak out; (of rumors) leak out. 1

.mansuetudo, -inis, f. ----tameness; gentleness. 4

.mantele, -is, n. ----napkin; tablecloth. 4

.manubiae, -arum, f. ----loot money, military prize cash; profit. 4

.manus, -us, f. ----hand, anything like a hand; handle; hand = violence; the legal power of a pater familias; a platoon 1

.mare, -is, n. ----the Sea; (as mare nostrum=) Mediterranean Sea, 1

.maritimus, (maritumus) -a -um ----of the sea; nautical; near the sea. 3

.maritus, -a -um ----husband; a couple; a stud animal. 3

.marmor, -oris, n. ----marble, finished flat marble sheet; the (smooth) surface of the sea, the sea. 2

.marmoreus, -a -um ----of marble. 5

.matara, -ae, and mataris -is, f. ----a javelin, spear. 5

.mater, matris, f. ----mother, nurse; (sometimes) = nanny; Mother = goddess Cybele; Ma am (of older women); mother (Earth), 1

.materia, -ae, and materies -ei, f. ----wood, timber (as building material); material; the original "stuff" of the universe; material (of study, of a book). 1

.maternus, -a -um ----maternal, of the mother s side of the family; motherly, gentle. 3

.matrimonium, -i, n. ----matrimony, marriage. 3

.maturitas, -atis, f. ----ripeness; harvest time; maturity. 2

.maturo, -are: intransit. ----ripen; mature; hurry (to ripen); hurry up, hasten. 3

.maturus, -a -um ----ripe; developed, mature; at the right time of life; (but also:) before the right time of life, 1

.meatus, -us, m. ----movement, path; route; passage-way. 3

.medeor, -eri, dep. ----heal, cure, treat (medically). 3

.medicatus, -us, m. ----medicated, medical; medicated = drugged. 5

.medicina, -ae, f. ----art of medicine; a medicine; treatment, cure. 1

.mediocris, -e ----of middle size, middling; moderate; ordinary, common, mediocre. 2

.mediterraneus, -a -um ----inland; (hence) Inland Sea = Mediterranean Sea, 3

.meditor, -ari, dep. ----think; prepare to..., intend to..., practice = rehearse. 2

.medius, -a -um ----middle, central, in-between, (used of places, time, actions, life). 1

.medulla, -ae, f. ----marrow; one s innermost parts; innermost being, mind, soul. 2

.mel, mellis, n. ----honey (used for sugar); Honey = dear; my sweetie; sweetness 3

.membrum, -i, n. ----arm; limb; member; part (of anything); section. 1

.memini, -isse, defect. verb in perf. only ----remember, recall, keep in mind. 1

.memor, -oris ----remembering, recalling, referring back to.... 3

.memorabilis, -e ----memorable. 3

.memoria, -ae ----memory, recall; historical tradition = memory; recollection; history. 1

.memoro, -are ----remember, recall, call to mind = recount, tell, narrate. 1

.mendax, -acis ----lying, false; incorrect; deceiving. 2

.mendicitas, -atis, f. ----beggary. 3

.mens, mentis, f. ----mind, rationalness, a mind, purpose to...; will, desire. 1

.mensa, -ae, f. ----table; an altar

.mensis, -s, m. ----a month; menstrual cycle. 3

.mensura, -ae f. ----measurement 4

.mentior, -iri ----lie, dissimulate; pretend 2

.mentum, -i, n. ----the chin. 4

.mercator, -oris, m. ----merchant. 3

.merces, -edis ----payment, wages; bribe; payment. 2

.mercor, -ari, dep. ----buy and sell, deal in. 3

.mereo, -ere -ui -itum, and mereor -eri -itus, dep. ----earn, get paid for..., deserve. 1

.mergo, mergere mersi mersum ----plunge, dip, immerse, submerge, bury, sink lower; overwhelm in general. 1

.mergus, -i, m. ----a waterfowl (of the diving duck group, .. 5

.meridianus, -a -um ----at noon, midday; meridian; pointing (toward the sun at noon) = southern, southerly (for Italy, of course). 3

.meridies, -ei, m. ----midday, noon; the south. 4

.merus, -a -um ----pure, unmixed (of metals; wine; the truth). 2

.merx, (mers) mercis, f. ----merchandise; merchandising. 3

.met, (-met) enclitic on personal pron: ----"-self" oneself 2

.meta, -ae, f. ----cane; pole (turning-point maker in oval-track racing), turning point (in racing, or in life); the end of life. 3

.metallum, -i, n. ----mine, quarry; metal. 3

.metior, metiri mensus, deo. ----measure, survey, look over..., estimate. 2

.meto, metere messui messum ----mow, cut off, cut down, harvest. 3

.metuo, -uere -ui -utum ----be afraid; be afraid of.... 1

.metus, -us, m. ----fear, dread, alarm. 2

.meus, -a -um ----mine, belonging to me. 1

.mico, -are -ui ----flash, dart, glitter; play at the odd/even finger game (in Italy morra). 2

.migro, -are ----move, change place of residence; move on ; evade the law, pass on = die. 2

.miles, -itis, c. ----soldier, private in the army. 1

.militaris, -r ----military; = a soldier; of military age, 1 7- 4 5 2

.militia, -ae, f. ----active service, mil. service, soldiers 1

.mille ----a thousand, M. 1

.minae, -arum, f. (Pl. only) ----overhanging cliffs, rocks, walls; threats, signs of "im-min-ent" danger. 3

.minister, -tri, m. (and ministra -ae, f.) ----attendant, servant, aide; religious assistant at services, 2

.ministerium, -i, n. ----status of a servant, service, help, aid; being an attendant. 2

.ministro, -are ----act as a servant, serve, aid, help. 2

.minito, -are, and minitor -ari, dep. ----threaten. 3

.minor, -ari, dep. ----threaten, menace, scare. 1

.minor, -oris, compar. of parvus ----less, smaller than.... 1

.minuo, -uere -ui -utum ----make less (minus), lessen, reduce; weaken. 2

.mirabilis, -e ----remarkable, wonderful. 3

.miror, -ari, dep. ----wonder at, gaze with astonishment at.... 2

.mirus, -a -um ----wonderful, extraordinary. 1

.misceo, miscere miscui mixtum ----mix, mix up, combine, bring together, stir up. 1

.miser, -era -erum ----poor, wretched, sad, distressing; despicable. 1

.miserabilis, -e ----sad, wretched, mournful, plaintive. 1

.misereo, -ere and misereor -eri, dep. ----pity, feel sorry for. 2

.miseresco, -ere; ----see misereo. 2

.miseria, -ae, f. ----unhappiness, misery. 3

.misericordia, -ae, f. ----compassion, pity, sympathy. 3

.misericors, -cordis ----pitiful compassionate. 4

.miseror, -ari, dep. ----feel sorry for, pity. 3

.missus, -us, m. ----shooting; letting fly; letting go; a mission. 3

.mitesco, -ere ----become soft, soften. 2

.mitigo, -are ----soften, ripen; make softer, mollify, mitigate. 2

.mitra, -ae, f. ----a headdress or cap with tie-string under the chin, (from Asia Minor.). 3

.mitto, mittere misi missum ----send, send forth, let go forth, send along; let..., permit; hurl, send a message; (also short for omitto), 1

.mobilis, -e ----mobile, fast-moving, rapid; moveable (things and persons. " 2

.mobilitas, -atis, f. ----quickness, mental agility; (but) mental inconsistency, 3

.moderatio, -onis, f. ----moderation, self-control, restraint. 2

.moderor, -ari, dep. ----direct, guide, govern; temper; regulate, administer. 3

.modestus, -a -um ----moderate, restrained, unassuming, modest. 2

.modus, -i m. ----measure, manner, way, kind measure (of poetry or music); metre. 2

.moenia, -ium, n. pl. ----walls of a town; defense; any barrier. 3

.mola, -ae, f. ----mill (for grinding wheat); millstone; ritual barley cake. 3

.moles, -is, f. ----a large rock, lump of stone, earth; boulder; a huge wall; a "heavy" enterprise, danger; mass. 1

.molestus, -a -um ----annoying, bothersome, troublesome, 2

.molimen, -inis n. and molimentum -i, n. ----force, exertion, drive. 3

.molior, -iri, dep. ----labor, strive; construct (with much labor); put into motion. 1

.mollio, -ire ----make soft, calm, soothe, tame; weaken. 2

.mollis, -e ----soft, gentle, yielding; mild; womanly 1

.molo, -ere -ui -itum ----grind in a mill; grind, grind away; 4

.moneo, -ere ----remind; advise, warn; give a warning (via omens). 1

.monile, -is, n. ----necklace; horse collar. 4

.monitus, -us, m. ----advise, counsel; warning. 5

.mons, montis, m. ----a mountain, mountains; any huge mass (a mountain of...); boulder. 1

.monstro, -are ----point out, show, reveal; teach, direct. 1

.monstrum, -i, n. ----a remarkable portent, omen; anything awful or monstrous; a calamity; a monster, atrocious person, 1

.montanus, -a -um ----of the mountains, mountainous; a hill-man, native of the hills. 4

.monumentum, (monimentum) -i, n. ----anything remarkable to be commemorated, a memorial; a statue, public building, memorial = book; historical account. 1

.mora, -ae, f. ----delay, lost time; interval; time to... ; obstacle, check, restraint. 1

.morbus, -i, m. ----sickness, disease; weakness 1

.moribundus, -a -um ----dying, about to die. 4

.morior, mori mortuus; fut. act. ppl. moriturus;dep. ----die, be about to die, dying; perish; disappear; die off. 1

.moror, -ari, dep. ----delay, check, retard; restrain, holdback; put off, cease, stop 1

.mors, mortis, f. ----death, Death (as a god), annihilation. 1

.morsus, -us, m. ----bite, biting, bite (of spiced food); envious back-biting. 2

.mortalis, -e ----mortal, subject to death = human; impermanent. 2

.mortifer, -ferum ----carrying death, death,bringing 4

.mos, moris ----habit, custom; character, personality; the ancient tradition, custom; "mores" of a society / habits of an individual, 1

.motus, -us, m. ----motion, motion of stars; movement of the body, mind; any agitation or agitated act, passion. 2

.moveo, movere movi motum ----move, make to move (caus.); change location = "move"; remove, oust; disturb, agitate, provoke. 1

.mox, adv. ----soon, presently; suddenly; shortly afterwards. 1

.mucro, -onis, m. ----sword-point; point, tip. 3

.mugio, -ire ----bellow (of a cow); roar; make any deep, roaring sound. 2

.mugitus, -us, m. ----moo-ing of cow, any roar of an animal; any rumble, roar. 3

.mulceo, mulcere mulsi mulsum ----soothe, caress; calm, make to relax. 2

.mulier, -eris, f. ----woman, wife (or mistress); a grown woman (as against girl = virgo), 1

.muliercula, -ae, f. ----silly little woman. 4

.multiplex, -plicis ----having many twists; manifold; of many parts, forms; multiple. 2

.multitudo, -inis, f. ----multitude, large number (usually of people rather than things); population. 1

.multo -are ----punish by fine; punish. 3

.multum, adv. ----much, very, greatly. 2

.multus, -a um ----much, many, very much, many a... ; abundant, repeating; (of persons) repetitious, annoying. 1

.municeps, -cipis, c. ----fellow-citizen, paisano. 3

.municipium, -i, n. ----self-ruling township in Italy, 2

.munio, (moenio) -ire ----build a defence, wall; fortify; protect; build up, repair, or reconstruct (a road, building). 2

.munitio, -onis, f. ----fortification, building up of defences; road-surfacing, 3

.munus, (moenus) -erism, n. ----duty, official responsibility; something owed (to god, to state) = public duty; a present, gift; an act of good will; public games,funerary rites, 1

.muralis, -e ----of walls, fortifications, or cities; (muralis corona = crown for first successful man over walls of enemy) 3

.murex, -icis, m. ----a Tyrian shellfish yielding one pinch of purple dye; purple dye, 3

.murmur, -uris, n. ----murmur, rumble. 3

.murus, -i, n. ----wall, fortification; boundary; limit. 1

.mutabilis, -e ----changeable, variable. 3

.muto, -are ----change, swap; exchange, give back; do business; vary; deteriorate; change (color, face, appearance, mind) 1

.mutus, -a -um ----mute, not having any speech (of animals, human "dumb" persons); silent. 1

.myrteus, (murteus) -i, n. ----of myrtle. 5

.myrtus, -i, f. ----the myrtle-tree. 4

.nam, conj. ----for, indeed, because, that s why.... now.(to begin with). 1

.namque adv. ----indeed, for sure 3

.nanciscor, nancisci nactus/nanctus, dep. ----get, get possession of, acquire; avail oneself of; find, come across. 1

.naris, -is, f. ----nostrils, the nose; sense of smell; discernment (a selective nose); anger, a sneer (with nose contorted. 1

.narro, -are ----tell, relate; tell a story; tell about it ; write history; (pass.) be talked about. 1

.nascor, -i, natus, dep. ----be born; come into being, be made, arise; be produced (of vegetables); come from (inborn characteristics). 1

.natio, -onis, f. ----birth; nation, race, group of people; place from which. come = origin. 3

.nato, -are ----swim; float; be swimming, be drenched, soaked; swim = waver (of body or mind). 2

.natura, -ae, f. ----birth, origin; the way things are, or come to be, (Lucr. De Rerum Natura); nature (as character or style); temperament; nature = Gr. physics (philosophically) 2

.natus, -a -um, partic. from nascor ----born, descended from.... 3

.natus, -us m (esp. in abl. sg. natu) ----(greater in) birth; older, elder 2

.naufragium, -i, n. ----shipwreck. 2

.naufragus, -a -um, pass. ----shipwrecked. 4

.nauta, -ae, m. ----sailor, mariner. 1

.nauticus, -a -um ----of a sailor, nautical; (m. pl. as subst.) sailors. 4

.navalis, -e ----naval, of a ship. 2

.navicula, -ae, . ----a little ship, boat. 5

.navicularius, -a um ----a ship-owner. 5

.navifragus, -a -um ----= naufragus shipwrecked. 4

.navigatio, -onis, f. ----sailing, voyage. 3

.navigium, -i, n. ----ship, boat. 3

.navigo, -are, intrans. ----sail, travel by boat, navigate. 2

.navis, -is, f. ----a ship, sailboat, cargo boat; military ship; cargo boat. 1

.navita ----= nauta 1

.navo, -are ----work with energy, willfully; accomplish.... 3

.ne, (nae) ----indeed, for sure (perhaps from Gr. nai "yes"). 4

.ne, (a negativizing particle) ----"lest, so that... not; not...". 1

.nebula, -ae, f. ----mist, fog; cloud; any obscurity (of mind, words). 2

.nec, and neque ----nor, neither...nor. 1

.necessarius, -a -um ----necessary, required; absolutely essential, vital; bound in friendship, (used As a noun: a close friend, obligatee, 2

.necesse, indecl. adj. n. as if neut. of necessis -e with est ----it is necessary, essential; it must be... so; it follows that.... 1

.necessitas, -tatis, f. ----necessity, unsuitability; need, requiring..., poverty; what is needed. 1

.necessitudo, -inis, f. ----compulsion, necessity: bond, obligation, the relationships of closely tied persons; poverty 2

.neco, -are ----kill, destroy. 3

.nectar, -aris, n. ----nectar (the drink of the gods, conferring their immortality); any beverage (wine, milk, honey, . 3

.necto, nectere nexui and nexi, nexum ----tie together, interweave; attach to, connect, weave a trap (mil.). 1

.nefandus, -a -um ----unspeakable (for fear).= wicked, awful, heinous. 3

.nefarius, -a -um ----wicked, evil, abominable (see nefas). 3

.nefas, n. indecl. ----evil, wicked, offensive, immoral; a portent of horror; a really evil person, 1

.neglego, -legere -lexi -lectum ----disregard, dismiss; not care for, neglect; forget about.... 2

.nego, -are ----say that not; deny; dis-affirm, refuse, deny (a request). 1

.negotium, -i, n. ----work, business; a task; a piece of business, a contract; a job, employment. 1

.nemo, -inis, c. ----no one, nobody; a nobody; non nemo = not nobody, (hence) some people; 1

.nemorosus, -a -um ----wooded, forested. 5

.nempe, adv. ----indeed, to be sure, well...then, (usually with ironic overtones). 2

.nemus, -oris, n. ----woods, forest, (often with mysterious and religious undertones, as against silva). 2

.nepos, -otis, m. ----grandson, granddaughter; descendant (at any remove), ( 2

.nequam, (an indeclinable adjective) ----"no-how" = no good, bad, rotten, 3

.neque ----= nec; 1

.nequeo, -ire, ivi and -ii -itum ----not be able, be unable, 2

.nequiquam ----in vain. 2

.nequitia, -ae, and nequities -ei, f. ----roguery; evilness; vice, viciousness. 2

.nervus, -i, m. ----sinew, tendon; string (made from animal tendons); strength, force; energy, force of mind, 3

.nescio, -iri -ivi and -ii -itum ----not-know, be ignorant of, be unaware of. 1

.nescius, -a -um ----ignorant, unaware of, not understanding. 3

.neu, ----= neve 3.

.neuter, -tra -trum ----neither, neither the one (nor the other); (politically) neutral,

.nex, necis, f. ----death by killing, murder, suicide ; any death (but always violent). 2

.nidus, -i, m. ----nest of a bird; nest with young, lair, den; pigeon-hole in a writing desk. 3

.niger, -gra -grum ----black, dark skinned; dark ; dirty; black (as Hell); black = ill-omened. 1

.nigresco, nigrescere nigrui ----become black, be stained; become dark (without sunlight). 5

.nigro, -are ----to be black. 5

.nihil, or contr. nil ----nothing, nothing at all, naught, (nihil and nil used interchangeably). 1

.nimbosus, -a -um ----stormy. 5

.nimbus, -i, m. ----cloud; downpour, rain; deluge. 2

.nimio, adv. ----by far. 3

.nimirum ----without doubt, no wonder. 3

.nimis ----too much, overly, excessively, (opposite of parum "too little"). 1

.nimius, -a -um ----too great, excessive. 2

.nisi ----if not, unless. 2

.nisus, (nixus) -us, m. ----pushing, pressing, shoving. 2

.nisus, -a -um ----partic. from nitor."having pushed, pressed; having given birth" 1

.niteo, -ere ----be bright, shine, sparkle; glow (with health); stand out (as a shining example). 2

.nitesco, -ere ----grow bright; glow (with health, grooming). 3

.nitidus, -a -um ----bright, shining; glowing (with health); elegant, smooth, svelte 1

.nitor, niti nisus or nixus, dep. ----rest on, push off from; rely on; be based on (literary); push, strain (in giving birth);. 1

.nitor, -oris, m. ----brightness, glowing-ness; elegance. 2

.nivalis, -e ----of snow, snowy. 5

.niveus, -a -um ----of snow, snowy. 5

.nix, nivis, f. ----snow. 4

.nixor, -ari, dep. ----rest on, push up from. 5

.no, nare navi ----swim, float. 3

.nobilis, -e ----worth knowing; remarkable, notable; (of men), worthy, notable, upperclass; aristocratic. 1

.nobilitas, -atis, f. ----nobility. 2

.noceo, -ere ----harm, hurt, injure (physically, mentally,or in reputation. 1

.noctu, adv. ----by night. 4

.nocturnus, -a -um ----nocturnal, by night, nightly. 3

.nodo, -are ----tie a knot. 5

.nodus, -i, m. ----a knot in a rope; rope, binding; a bunch of...; a knotty problem; a tree-knot. 2

.nolo, nolle nolui ----not wish, wish...not; be unwilling. 1

.nomen, -inis, n. ----name (of a person); word, noun; ethnic name; heading, paragraph, category. 1

.nomenatim, adv. ----by name. 3

.nomino, -are ----call by a name, name; tell about, mention (by name); nominate (to office). 2

.non, adv. ----not. 1

.nonaginta ----ninety. 3

.nondum ----not yet. 3

.nonne, interrog. ----is it not...? Asks a question to which a yes answer is expected. 1

.nonus, -a-um ----ninth, the ninth hour (roughly 3 p.m.). 3

.nos, ----plur. of ego. 1

.nosco, noscere novi notum ----know, get to know, be familiar with, know (a subject, language), admit knowing. 1

.noster, -tra -trum ----ours, of our group, family, nation; on our side, 1

.nota, -ae, f. ----mark, note; a note = label on bottle; a letter of the alphabet, symbol; any surface marking, scratch, spot 1

.novem ----nine. 2

.novies, (noviens) ----nine times. 4

.novitas, -atis, f. ----newness, novelty; surprise; newness in public office. 3

.novo, -are ----make new,replace ; fix up as new; give new form to, renew. 3

.novus, -a -um ----new, novel, strange and unfamiliar; surprising; different; new = recent. 1

.nox, noctis, f. ----night (as against day); a night; darkness, mystery. 1

.noxa, -ae, f. ----harm, hurt; a legally liable act; injury (personal and legally). 2

.noxius, -a -um ----harmful, guilty; noxious (of persons). 3

.nubes, -is, f. ----cloud; condensation; cloud (of arrows, locusts, etc.); a cloud (on the mind); a cloud (of disaster). 2

.nubilus, -a -um ----(a weather word:) cloudy, overcast, dark; (of ideas) cloudy, fuzzy; (of persons, mentally) cloudy, troubled. 2

.nubo, nubere nupsi nuptum ----(of a woman only) marry, get married to..., 2

.nudius, (tertius) (often one word) ----it is now the third day. 5

.nudo, -are ----bare, uncover, strip; expose. 1

.nudus, -a -um ----naked, bare; defenseless; unadorned, simple. 1

.nullus, -a -um ----none, not any; nobody (as noun). 1

.num, interrog. ----it isn' t, is it?; you couldn' t say not, could you?. Asks a question to which a "no" answer is expected, 1

.numen, -inis, n. ----a nod; "the nod" as sign of divine will ; divinity; God,

.numerus, -i, m. ----number, sum; quantity; a metre in poetry. 1

.nummus, -i, m. ----coin; money; a small coin ; cash. 1

.nunc, adv. ----now, right now, at present, in the present instance 1

.nuntio, -are ----announce, give orders, inform; make a report. 1

.nuntius, -i, m. ----a messenger; military messenger; message, information. 1

.nuper ----recently; in the recent past (history). 2

.nuptiae, -arum, f. pl. ----wedding ceremony; marriage. 3

.nurus, -us, f. ----daughter-in-law; young matron. 3

.nusquam ----nowhere, not any place. 2

.nuto, -are ----nod = fall asleep; swing back and forth; falter; nod "yes" (sideways). 1

.nutrimentum, -i, n. ----nourishing; upbringing 4

.nutrix, -icis, f. ----a nurse, breast nurse; aid to development. 3

.nutus, -us, m. ----nod of the head for "yes"; nod as divine will,

.nympha, -ae, (and nymphe -es) f. ----a female wood and water spirit; a young woman. 2

.ob, prep. with acc. ----towards, in front of, up against; because of..., for the sake of..... 1

.obaeratus, -a -um ----indebted (in money); a debtor. 5

.obduco, -ducere -duxi -ductum ----lead against (troops); obstruct, block off; cover up. 2

.obeo, -ire -ivi and -ii -itum ----go up to, face; go to have a look, inspect; meet; meet one s end = die). 1

.obicio, -icere -ieci -iectum ----hurl forth, throw at; place against...; produce. 1

.obiecto, -are ----thrust out...at; put forth, set forth 3

.obiectus, -us, m. ----placing against. 5

.obitus, -us, m. ----visit; encounter; encounter (with death); setting of a star. 2

.oblecto, -are ----delight, amuse, please, charm. 3

.obligo, -are ----tie up, bind; bandage; tie up by contract; bind (by services). 2

.oblino, -linere -levi -litum ----smear up, paint over, de-daub; seal up (a wine/oil vessel). 2

.obliquo, -are ----thrust at a slant; deflect; reflect. 3

.obliquus, -a -um ----sidewise; slanting; oblique; indirect (of speech, writing). 2

.oblivio, -onis, f. ----oblivion. 5

.obliviscor, oblivisci oblitus, dep. ----to forget. 1

.oblivium, -i, n. ----oblivion. 4

.obloquor, -loqui -loctus, dep. ----interrupt; interpolate; speak against; rant at. 5

.obluctor, -ari, dep. ----to struggle against. 4

.obmutesco, -mutescere -mutui ----become mute, silent; be silenced. 3

.obnitor, -niti -nixus, dep. ----push against; fight against, oppose. 3

.oboedio, -ire ----give ear to; be obedient to...; be ruled by. 2

.oborior, -oriri -ortus, dep. ----rise up, appear; occur, happen. 2

.obruo, -ruere -rui -rutum ----fall down on (landslides; collapse of a building); flood over; overwhelm; bury. 1

.obscenus, (obscaenus) -a -um ----filthy, obscene, indecent. 2

.obscuro, -are ----darken; conceal; eclipse; erase (from history)). 3

.obscurus, -a -um ----obscure, faintly seen, hidden; unknown; unclear (words, ideas). 1

.obsecro, -are ----beseech, beg for, imprecate. 2

.obsecundo, -are ----to follow, second (the motion). 4

.observo, -are ----watch, observe; observe (rules), pay attention to. 1

.obses, -sidis, c. ----hostage; person, or thing, given as security (political). 1

.obsideo, -sidere -sedi -sessum ----sit down (in front of); blockade, besiege 1

.obsidio, -onis, f. ----blockade, seige. 3

.obsigno, -are ----to sign, affix a seal (signum).. 3

.obsisto, -sistere -stiti -stitum ----stand against, oppose, block. 2

.obsolesco, -escere -evi -etum ----fall out of employment, become obsolete, disused. 3

.obstinatus, -a -um ----stubborn, obstinate. 3

.obstipesco, (obstupesco) -stipescere -stipui ----be struck dumb, be dumfounded; be stupefied 2

.obsto, -stare -stiti -staturus ----stand opposite; oppose, hinder, impede; block. 2

.obstringo, -stringere -strinxi -strictum ----tie up (with a string. rope); bind; bind (legally, politically). 1

.obstruo, -struere -struxi -structum ----pile up, bar, block, impede. 2

.obstupefacio, -facere -feci -factum ----strike dumb ; stupefy (with wine, etc.). 3

.obsum, obesse obfui ----to be in the way, be a block, hindrance. 2

.obtego, -tegere -texi -tectum ----cover over, cover up; conceal, hide away. 2

.obtempero, -are ----bend to, comply with. 3

.obtestor, -ari, dep. ----call upon (as witness); call upon God ("as he is my witness"). 2

.obtineo, -tinere -tinui -tentum ----hold on, stay, remain; obtain (power, control).. 1

.obtingo, -tingere -tigi ----happen, befall; fall (to one s advantage). 2

.obtorqueo, -torquere -torsi -tortum ----collar, "lasso" (with a rope), hold back; twist up. 4

.obtrecto, -are ----criticize severely, attack. 4

.obtrunco, -are ----chop off, kill. 4

.obtusus, -a -um ----(beat upon, hence) dull, blunt, obtuse. 3

.obtutus, -us, m. ----gaze. 3

.obuncus, -a -um ----hooked. 5

.obvenio, -venire -veni -ventum ----meet; happen (by chance meeting). 2

.obverto, (obvorto) -vertere -verti -versum ----face towards, face, oppose. 3

.obviam ----in the path; in the way; in somebody s way. Obviam ire = come up against, meet. 2

.obvius, -a -um ----in the path, in the way; opposite, opposing 1

.occasio, -onis, f. ----occasion, the right moment; a good moment, good chance. 2

.occasus, -us, m. ----a chance opportunity; setting of the sun, stars; downfall, ruin. 2

.occdo, -cidere -cidi -cisum ----cut down, kill, cause to die; ruin, (long -i-) 2

.occido, -cidere -cidi -causum ----fall down, collapse; fall in battle; be ruined (long -i-). 2

.occludo, -cludere -clusi -clusum ----close up, stop up (doors, ears); restrain. 3

.occubo, -are ----lie down (dead). 5

.occulo, -are ----cover, hide, conceal 2

.occulto, -are ----to hide, conceal. 5

.occumbo, -cumbere -cubui -cubitum ----lie down (in death), die. 3

.occupatio, -onis, f. ----taking possession of (legal); a mental preoccupation. 3

.occupo, -are ----occupy, take possession of; take over, 1

.occurro, -currere -curri -cursum ----run up to, go to meet; happen to meet ; confront. 1

.Oceanus, -i, m. ----the ocean, sea (but not the Mediterranean). 3

.ocior, ocius, compar. adj. ----quicker, faster; sooner. 2

.octavus, -a -um ----eighth. 2

.octingenti, -ae -a ----eight hundred. 5

.octo ----eight. 1

.octoginta ----eighty. 2

.oculus, -i, m. ----eye; eyesight, vision; a sharp eye. 1

.odi, odisse, perfect forms only ----hate, dislike, detest, 1

.odium, -i, n. ----hate, dislike; aversion. 1

.odor, -oris, m. ----odor, smell (either good or bad); perfumery smell. 3

.odoratus, -a -um ----having a smell (often a good smell); fragrant. 3

.odorus, -a -um ----sweet smelling; sniffing, snuffling (of dogs). 5

.offa, -ae, f. ----a lump (of dough); lump (bruise). 3

.offendo, -fendere -fendi -fensum ----kick the foot against; stumble; offend; harm. 1

.offensio, -onis, f. ----collision, mishap; injury; offense. 2

.offero, offerre obtuli oblatum ----put in a place, place; put (in danger); set forth, show. 1

.officium, -i, n. ----service, act of service; dutiful function; role, position. 1

.oleum, -i, n. ----olive oil; any oil. 2

.olim, adv. : ----a) once upon a time, a long time ago, b) at some (future) time, someday. 2

.oliva, -ae, f. ----an olive; the olive tree. 5

.olivum, -i, n. ----olive-oil, oil. 4

.omen, -inis, n. ----an omen; a verbal omen; an augural prediction 1

.omitto, -mittere -misi -missum ----let go ; stop, leave off...;, omit 1

.omnino, adv. ----all in all, altogether; in general. 1

.omniparens, -entis ----(of Earth) Parent-of-all. 5

.omnipotens, -entis ----omnipotent, all powerful = Jupiter. 5

.omnis, -e ----all, entire, whole; complete; (in pl.) all the..... 1

.onerarius, -a -um ----burden carrying, i.e. cargo (ships). 5

.onero, -are ----load, burden; put cargo on...; burden, weigh-down. 1

.onerosus, -a -um ----heavy; burdensome. 3

.onus, -eris, n. ----a burden, weighty load; burdens (financial, moral, personal, mental). 1

.onustus, -a -um ----burdened, loaded down. 3

.opaco, -are ----shade, darken, overshadow. 4

.opacus, -a -um ----shady, dark; lightless, "opaque". 3

.opera, -ae, f. ----work, a job; ; effort and trouble for...; one man-day of labor; (pay) attention (used with dare). 1

.operio, -perire -erui -pertum ----cover, cover over; clothe, conceal; close (a door). 2

.operor, -ari, dep. ----be at work, work at. 5

.opimus, -a -um ----rich (spoils); rich (food); wealthy; rich (of verbal style in writing) 1

.opinio, -onis, f. ----opinion, belief; conjecture; good opinion, reputation. 2

.opinor, -ari, dep. ----think, believe, have in mind, consider; opine. 2

.opitulor, -ari, dep. ----to help, aid (with dat.). 4

.oportet, -tere -tuit, impers. ----ought, should, ought to...; it must, it certainly should.... 1

.opperior, -iri -pertus ----wait for, await, wait to see.... 3

.oppeto, -ere -ivi and -ii -itum ----encounter, go to meet...; go to meet (one s death). 3

.oppidanus, -a -um ----provincial, living in a Gaulish township ; a townsman. 2

.oppido, adv. ----completely, very much, very much so, 3

.oppidum, -i, n. ----a town, a provincial township (a Gaulish-Celtic word). 2

.oppono, -ponere -posui -positum ----put up opposite to, block, shield; station (troops against...) (mil.); oppose; deposit (a sum). 1

.opportunitas, -atis, f. ----convenience, opportune-ness; an opportunity. 2

.opportunus, -a -um ----suitable, useful, opportune; timely, ready. 2

.opprimo, -primere -pressi -pressum ----push against, oppress, press; overwhelm, overpower. 1

.opprobrium, -i, n. ----disgrace, scandal; an insult, attack on. 2

.oppugnatio, -onis, f. ----military attack on a walled town. 3

.oppugno, -are ----to attack, assault. 2

.ops, opis, f. ----power, wealth, influence, financial wherewithal; aid, 1

.optimas, -atis ----one of the "best people" (i.e. aristocracy). 2

.optimus, (optumus) -a-um ----best, most excellent, most perfect, ; most desirable. 1

.opto, -are ----wish desire; choose, select, pick. 1

.opulens, -entis ----= opulentus "rich" 2

.opulentus, -a -um ----rich, wealthy, powerful (mil.). 2

.opus, -eris, n. ----work; construction works, mil. fortifications; one s job; effort; product of work 1

.ora, -ae, f. ----edge of..., border; seashore, coast; furthermost edge, limit, reaches of... ; region. 1

.oraculum, (oraclum) -i, n. ----oracular pronouncement; the oracle. 3

.oratio, -onis, f. ----speaking; a public speech, an oration; oratorical art. 1

.orator, -oris, m. ----an orator, public speaker; delegate. 2

.orbis, -is, m. ----circle, disc, orb; wheel; ; orb (heavenly body); eyeball, eye. 1

.ordior, odiri orsus, dep. ----begin, undertake, start; begin a speech (exordium). 1

.ordo, -inis, m. ----a line, row (of any objects, persons); a battle line; a social class. 1

.orgia, -orum, n. pl. ----secret mystery rituals (Bacchus/Dionysus) 3

.origo, -inis, f. ----origin, beginning, birth, source; origins. 1

.orior, oriri ortus, dep. ----rise, rise up; come into being; be descended from; rise up from bed. 1

.ornamentum, -i, n. ----adornment, decoration, trappings; ornaments (on a horse; badge of an office; rhetorical "adornments"); adornment (of a country, family = honor). 1

.ornatus, -us, m. ----decoration (of person, rank, literary works). 3

.orno, -are ----prepare, make ready, equip (mil.); decorate, enhance. 1

.ornus, -i, f. ----ash tree. 4

.oro, -are ----pray (to gods); beseech (a person); plead before a court, make an "oration". 2

.ortus, -us, m. ----rising (of stars); birth; coming into being. 2

.s, oris, n. ----mouth; face; speech, (the -o- is long). 1

.os, ossis, n. ----a bone; bones, skeleton (the -o- is short). 1

.ostendo, -tendere -tendi -tentum and -tensum ----stretch out, extend, demonstrate; hold out to view. 1

.ostendo, -are ----show, display, demonstrate 2

.ostium, -i, n. ----doorway, door; any opening, "gateway". 2

.ostrum, -i, n. ----a purple dye from a shellfish; a purple cloth. 5

.otiosus, -a -um ----not occupied; at leisure; peaceful and relaxed; idle. 2

.otium, -i, n. ----leisure, open-time, relaxation, ease; inactivity. 1

.ovis, -is, f. ----a sheep. 3

.ovo, -are ----be glad, rejoice in... 2

.ovum, -i, n. ----egg; an egg (as antipasto in Roman dinner). 3

.pabulatio, -onis, f. ----haying; pasture land. 4

.pabulator, -oris, m. ----hay or grass procurer (for animal food). 5

.pabulor, -ari, dep. ----graze, (of cattle) feed; get feed (for the animals). 4

.pabulum, -i, n. ----food for cattle ; a any food, nourishment, 2

.paciscor, pacisci pactus, dep. and pacisco -ere ----negotiate, agree on.... negotiate marriage 4

.paco, -are ----pacify, (forcibly) bring peace (a Roman notion). 3

.Paean, -anis, m. ----the god of medicine = Apollo; victory ode, paean. 4

.paene, adv. ----nearly, almost. 1

.paeninsula, -ae, f. ----a peninsula. (paene + insula) 5

.paenitet, -ere, impersonal verb 3 pers. sing.) ----it is regrettable, it pains one....., it s sad to think of;. 2

.pagus, -i, m. ----country area, borough. 5

.palestra, -ae, f. ----wrestling floor, room or school, (Greek. word). 2

.palam, adv. ----openly, explicitly, generally known. 1

.palla, -ae ----a rectangular mantle, used by women, foreigners and actors!, a poncho (in effect). 3

.pallens, -ntis, adj. ----pale, sallow, sick, pallid. 3

.pallidus, -a -um ----pale, wan. 3

.pallor, -oris, m. ----paleness. 3

.palma, -ae, f. ----the hand, palm and fingers; the palm-tree; the palm branch in contests = victory. 2

.palmosus, -a -um ----full of palms, (of victory Verg. Aen. 3, 7 0 5). 5

.palmula, -ae, f. ----palm of the hand; an oar; fruit of "palm" = dates. 4

.palor, -ari, dep. ----to wander, stray about. 3

.palus, -i, m. ----a pale, stake, peg. 3

.palus, -udis, f. ----marsh, swamp. 2

.pampineus, -a -um ----covered with vine branches. 3

.pando, -are ----cause to sag; bend. 4

.pando, pandere pandi pansum ----spread out, stretch out; open wide (doors, gates); open up, uncover, display. 2

.papaver, -eris, n. ----poppy, poppy seed. 3

.par, paris, adj. ----equal, same; matched, equivalent; reasonable. 1

.par, paris, n. ----a pair (of any sort). 2

.parco, parcere peperci (and parci) parsum ----use sparingly; be thrifty with...; ; save.... ;be cheap. 1

.parens, -entis, c. ----parent (mother or father); ancestor; inventor, founder,

.pareo, -ere ----a) obey, be obedient to...; obey (laws, orders, rituals, etc.); b) be apparent, visible, 2

.paries, -etis, m. ----wall, wall of a house, building 3

.pario, parere peperi partum ----give birth ; produce; bring forth (crops, fruit, etc.), 1

.parma, -ae, f. ----a small round shield. 5

.paro, -are ----purchase, get, get ready; lay-away, prepare for. 1

.parricida, -ae m. ----assassin; father-murdered 2

.parricidium, -i n. ----murder of a father or near family member ((For mother: matricidium) 1)

.pars, partis f. ----part, portion, section; large or small part; territory; direction. 1

.particeps, -cipis, adj. and noun ----one who has a share (partem) in, a sharer ; 3

.partim, adv. ----partly. 3

.partior, -iri (and partio -ire), ----share, distribute, divide into parts. 2

.partus, -a -um, partic. from pario give birth" ----born 2

.partus, -us, m. ----act of giving birth; offspring, children. 2

.parum, adv. ----too little, insufficient, inadequate, not enough, 1

.parumper, adv. ----for a (short) time; quickly. 3

.parvulus, -a -um ----small, little, tiny; child, young of animals. 2

.parvus, -a -um ----small, young; little (in worth), insignificant. 1

.pasco, pascere pavi pascum ----pasture; feed animals, nourish oneself; feast on; "feast on" (visually). 1

.passim, adv. ----step by step; aimlessly, 1

.passus, -a -um, ----stretched out, extended. 3

.passus, -us, m. ----a pace, stride (used for measurement) ; mille passum = one mile. 2

.pastio, -onis, f. ----pasture. 5

.pastor, -oris, m. ----shepherd. 3

.patefacio, -facere -feci -factum; pass. patefio -fieri -factus sum ----lay open; uncover; open (doors, windows, etc.. 1

.pateo, -ere ----lie open; be open (doors, gates); be open to..... 1

.pater, -tris, m. ----father, forefather; father of the Gods = Jupiter ; a "paterfamilis" 1

.patera, -ae, f. ----a shallow dish; dish used to pour libations. 4

.paternus, -a -um ----of a father, paternal. 3

.patesco, patescere patui ----be open (of a door, etc.); lie open (to impressions); be open to view, visible. 2

.patientia, -ae, f. ----patience; endurance. 3

.patior, pati passus, dep. ----suffer, tolerate, endure; undergo, experience; allow. 1

.patricius, -a -um ----noble, of senatorial rank 2

.patrimonium, -i, n. ----estate of a Roman paterfamilias; estate of an Emperor as such. 2

.patrius, -a -um ----of a father; legally of a father..; belonging to one s fatherland; native. 2

.patruus, -i, m. ----a father s brother, paternal uncle. 3

.patruus, -a -um ----of an uncle. 5

.paucus, -a -um ----few, small in number, just a few. 1

.paucitas, -tatis f. ----small amount of...,few-ness; paucity 2

.paulatim, (paullatim) ----gradually, little by little. 3

.paulisper, (paullisper) ----for a little while. 3

.paululus, (paullulus) -a -um ----very small, tiny. 5

.paulum, adv. ----a little, a bit 1

.paulus, (paullus) -a -um ----small, little, tiny; "just a bitty". 2

.pauper, -eris ----poor (in money), modest of means, without resources. 2

.pauperies, -ei, f. ----poverty. 4

.pavidus, -a -um ----scared, frightened; fearful. 2

.pavito, -are ----be terrified by, fearful of. 3

.pavor, -oris, m. ----fear, fright, terror. 2

.pax, pacis, f. ----peace, a pact (concluding war); a pact, agreement, covenant (of any sort); peacetime 1

.pecco, -are ----make a mistake; err; commit a sin, moral evil. 1

.pecten, -inis, m. ----a hair comb (for combing and decoration). 4

.pecto, pectere pexi pectum ----comb hair; comb through (search); give someone a good "combing" = beating. 3

.pectus, -oris, n. ----chest, breast-bone, thorax; (used as) heart, soul, mind; seat of courage 2

.pecuarius, -a -um ----of cattle. 5

.pecuarius, -i, m. ----cattle breeder. 5

.pecunia, -ae, f. ----farm animals (pecus); property, wealth ; cash, money, 1

.pecus, -oris, n. ----herd of cattle, cattle; a farm animal. 2

.pecus, -udis ----cattle (generally the smaller animals 2

.pedalis, -e ----a foot long (or wide). 5

.pedes, -itis, m. ----pedestrian; a foot soldier, infantryman. 2

.pedester, -tris -tre, adj. ----pedestrian; walking, ; ordinary, pedestrian (of style); of infantry. 2

.peditatus, -us, m. ----infantry. 5

.pelagus, -i, n. ----the sea, a large, open body of salt-water. 3

.pellax, -acis ----seductive. 5

.pellis, -is, f. ----skin (epidermis); skin as leather, a hide; parchment. 2

.pello, pellere pepuli pulsum ----knock, beat against; drive out forcefully; drive off, ward off. 1

.pelta, -ae, f. ----a small shield. 5

.pendeo, pendere popendi ----hang, be hung up; hang in the balance(in weighing), hang down. 1

.pendo, pendere pependi pensum ----hang in the scales; weigh; pay out, pay, pay for...; weigh, consider, evaluate. 1

.penetralis, -e ----penetrating; interior. 4

.penetro, -are ----go into, penetrate into; (mentally) penetrate. 2

.penitus, -a -um ----inward, inner. 3

.penna, -ae ----bird s feather, wing. 2

.pensito, -are ----weigh (mentally); weigh out = pay out. 2

.penus, -us and -i, c., penum -i, n., penus -oris, n. ----provisions, stored food, stock of food. 3

.peplum, -i, n. and peplus -i, m. ----a woman s mantle ; a robe of goddesses, esp. Athena. (Greek word) 3

.per, prep. with acc. ----through, along, during (a time), throughout; by means of..., by the agency of...;.. 1

.peradulescens, -ntis ----very young. 5

.perago, -agere -egi -actum ----drive in every direction; drive to finish, end;. 1

.peragro, -are ----travel over land, course over the land; survey. 5

.perbrevis, -e ----very short. 5

.percello, -cellere -culi -culsum ----hit, knock, knock down; overcome; strike (with terror). 1

.percipio, -cipere -cepi -ceptum ----take, grasp, take possession of; get; perceive (mentally). 1

.percontatio, (percuntatio) -onis, f. ----questioning, (legal) interrogation. 5

.percuro, -are ----cure (medical.). 4

.percurro, -currere -cucurri or -curri -cursum ----run through, over; travel over; touch upon; review, "run through". 2

.percutio, -cutere -cussi -cussum ----hit, strike; kill; stamp...on; make a "impression" on...; knock on the door. 2

.perdo, -dere -didi -ditum ----destroy, ruin; be unsuccessful, miss one s mark; lose.... 2

.perduco, -ducere -duxi -ductum ----bring through, conduct; lend up to; ; bring over (by persuasion). 1

.peredo, -edere -edi -esum ----to eat up, devour 3

.peregrinor, -ari, dep. ----travel abroad; dwell abroad. 3

.peregrinus, -a -um ----traveling `"overseas", abroad; foreign, strange, outlandish. 2

.pereo, -ire -ii and -ivi -itum ----pass through, pass away (from sight, notice); pass away = die. 1

.perquito, -are ----ride about (on a horse), ride through.... 5

.pererro, -are ----wander around; wander off (the right course). 3

.perexiguus, -a -um ----very small, insignificant. 4

.perfacilis, -e ----very easy, easy to do, perform 1

.perfero, -ferre -tuli -latum ----carry through, bring to the end, complete, perfect; suffer, endure 1

.perficio, -ere -feci -fectum ----bring through, carry to completion, finish; perfect; accomplish (a task) 1

.perfidia, -iae f. ----faithlessness; perfidy; treachery 2

.perfidus, -a -um ----faithless 2

.perflo, -are ----blow through (of winds); blow over 3

.perfringo, -ere -fregi -fractum ----break through, smash, break through (mil) the lines 2

.perfruor, -i ----enjoy thoroughly 3

.perfuga, -ae m. ----a military deserter 3

.perfugio, -ire -i ----flee, run for cover, refuge, safety 2

.perfugium, -ii n. ----a place of refuge, shelter; a safe place to flee (fugio) to 2

.perfundo, -ere -fusi -fusum ----pour (a liquid) over ; immerse, inundate; fill (to the brim) 1

.pergo, ere -perrexi perrectum ----go on, go first, proceed (in walking); proceed (with an action), go on to... 1

.perhibeo, -ere -ui ----bring forward, state, maintain; cite (an author, case) ; assert that... 1

.perhorresco, ere -ui ----start to tremble, shudder all over 4

.periclitor, -ari, dep. ----run the risk, be in danger; stand trial (leg.). Cf. periculum. 2

.periculosus, -a -um ----dangerous, hazardous. 2

.periculum, (periclum) -i, n. ----danger; test; trial (legal); liability. 1

.perimo, (peremo) -imere -emi -emptum ----take away; remove, destroy, annihilate. 1

.periniquus, -a -um ----very unfair. 5

.peritus, -a -um ----one skilled, experienced; an expert on.... 2

.periurium, (also commonly peiurium) -i, n. ----false swearing, perjury. 2

.periurus, -a -um ----perjured; lying. 3

.perlabor, -labi -lapsus, dep. ----slip along, skim, slide. 3

.perlego, (pellego) -legere -legi -lectum ----skim, read over; read through. 3

.permagnus, -a -um ----very great, very large. 2

.permaneo, -manere -mansi -mansum ----remain, stay; survive. 2

.permano, -are ----trickle, drip through, flow through. 2

.permetior, -metiri -mensus, dep. ----measure out, survey; travel over. 3

.permisceo, -miscere -miscui -mixtum ----mix all in together, scramble, blend; bring together, involve; mix up = confuse. 1

.permitto, -mittere -misi -missum ----let go, release; hurl (a weapon), let it go; permit, yield (in opinion). 2

.permodestus, -a -um ----very unassuming. 5

.permoveo, -movere -movi -motum ----move, agitate, stir; stir up, perturb. 2

.permulceo, -mulcere -mulsi -mulsum ----stroke, soothe, massage; calm down, relax. 2

.permultus, -a -um ----very much. 4

.pernicies, -ei ----harm, ruin, destruction. 3

.perniciosus, -a -um ----destructive, ruinous, pernicious. 3

.pernix, -nicis ----speedy, nimble-footed; fast, fast moving. 3

.pernocto, -are ----to pass the night. 3

.perodi, -isse ----I really hate. 5

.perpauci, -ae -a ----very few. 4

.perpendiculum, -i, n. ----plumb-line; a perpendicular line, direction. 2

.perpetuus, -a -um ----continuous, uninterrupted; lasting forever, permanent. 1

.perrumpo, -rumpere -rupi -ruptum ----break, break up, smash; break through...; prevail. 2

.persaepe, adv. ----very often. 4

.perscribo, -scribere -scripsi -scriptum ----write out in full; give a record of...; compose (a book, literary work). 2

.persentio, -sentire -sensi -sensum ----become aware of; feel deeply. 5

.persequor, -sequi -secutus, dep. ----follow, follow up, press hard on, prosecute (legal), persecute;. 1

.perseverantia, -ae, f. ----perseverance. 3

.persevero, -are. ----to persist, continue to...; keep on...doing.... 2

.persolvo, -solvere -solvi -solutum ----pay, pay out; discharge (duties). 2

.persona, -ae, f. ----(a mask as used by actors), a character in a play (dramatis personae) role; personality; a (legal) person. 1

.persono, -sonare -sonui -sonitum ----make a sound; sound out loudly; play an instrument or sing. 2

.perspicio, -spicere -spexi -spectum ----look over, examine, see into; discern, become aware of. 2

.persto, -stare -stiti -statum ----remain standing, stand, stand firm; stay, last; stand fast. 2

.persuadeo, -suadere -suasi -suasum ----, persuade; be persuasive in... (Dative obj.) 1

.pertaedet, -taedere -taesum est, (impersonal verb) ----be disgusted with, bored with, turned off by.... 3

.pertempto, -are ----test, try, explore; try (feelings). 4

.perterreo, -ere ----to terrify. 5

.pertimesco, -ere -ui ----be very much afraid. 3

.pertinacia, -ae, f. ----obstinacy, stubbornness. 3

.pertineo, -tinere -tinui ----reach, extend, pertain to, indicate; be a concern to; belong to. 1

.perturbatio, -onis, f. ----agitation, disorder; mental distress. 2

.perturbo, -are ----disorganize, confuse, upset; trouble (mentally). 2

.pervado, -vadere -vasi -vasum ----make one s way over, cross over; ; penetrate. 2

.pervenio, -venire -veni -ventum ----arrive (come through); penetrate (= get through); reach, arrive at; given point 1

.pervium, -i, n. ----passage. 5

.pervius, -a um ----traversable, passable; accessible. 2

.pes, pedis ----foot, leg; a foot (measurement); a foot (in prosody); foot of a chair, etc.. 1

.pestis, -is, f. ----plague, (communicable) disease; destruction; disaster (pol.); cause of disaster. 1

.petitio, -onis, f. ----an attack, assault on...; petition, demand (in law). 2

.peto, -ere, -ivi, -itus ----petulance; impudent aggressiveness 2

.phalanx, -angis, f. ----an infantry formation in close array. 3

.phalerae, -arum, f. pl. ----medals, escutcheons, decoration on soldiers, horses, and aristocrats. 3

.pharetra, -ae, f. ----a quiver, archer s arrow- holder. 5

.philosophus, -a -um ----philosophical. 4

.piaculum, -i, n. ----expiatory victim; expiatory rite. 3

.picea, -ae, f. ----the spruce fir. 5

.piceus, -a -um ----of pitch; pitch-black. 5

.pictura, -ae, f. ----painting (as a craft); a painting; embroidery with colored threads. 2

.picturatus, -a -um ----painted. 5

.pietas, -atis, f. ----piety, "respectfulness" toward gods, and to parents), 1

.piget, -gere -guit -gitum est, (impersonal verb, 3 sg..) ----it is annoying, distasteful unpleasant. 1

.pignus, -noris and -neris, n. ----pledge, something given as security; ; children (as pledges of the marriage bond). 1

.pla, -ae, f. ----a mortar (stone block for grinding grain, herbs), (The -i- is long). 3

.pla, -ae, f. ----a column; monument in cemetery (The -i- is long). 3

.pila, -ae, f. ----a ball; ball game (The -i- is short). 3

.pilum, -i, n. ----the javelin of the Roman infantry. 3

.pilus, -i, m. ----a hair; a little bit, something of no value. 3

.pilus, -i, m. ----a division of the Roman army, "troop". (Rare) 3

.pineus, -a -um ----made of pine wood. 4

.pingo, pingere pinxi pictum ----paint, color, up; embroider with colors; to color). 1

.pinguis, -e ----fat; well fed, plump; (of land) rich; heavy, dull. 1

.pinifer, -fera -ferum ----(of land) having pine trees. 5

.pinna, -ae, f. ----feather; wing of a bird; fins (of fish and dolphins). 2

.pinna, (pina) -ae, f. ----a species of clam. 5

.pinus, -i and -us, f. ----fir, pine; mast of a ship; an oar; a ship. 3

.pio, -are ----atone for, propitiate a god; expiate, cleanse. 2

.piscis, -is, m. ----fish; Pisces (the constellation). 2

.piscosus, -a -um ----abounding in fish. 5

.pistrix, --icis f. ----a whale. 5

.pius, -a -um ----"pious", respectful in religion, to Gods and Parents. 1

.placeo, -ere -ui and -itus sum, -itum ----please, be pleasing to; find favor with.... 1

.placidus, -a -um ----agreeable, pleasant, agreeable, nice and peaceful. 2

.placo, -are ----to pacify, calm, make agreeable. 3

.plga, -ae, f. ----a blow, whack, wound, 3 (The -a- is long).

.plaga, -ae, f. ----an open expanse; the beach (The -a- is short). 3

.plaga, -ae, f. ----a hunting net, animal trap (The -a- is short). 3

.plangor, -oris, m. ----beating the breast; lamentation. 3

.planities, -ei, f. ----a level surface, a plain. 3

.planta, -ae, f. ----sole of the foot 4

.planus, -a -um ----flat, level, (geom.) plane; clear, obvious, plain 3

.plaudo, (plodo) plaudere plausi plausum ----clap the hands, applaud, approve. 3

.plausus, -us, m. ----a noise of clapping; approbation, applause. 3

.plebes, -ei and -i, f. ----= plebs. 2

.plebs, plebis, f. ----citizens, citizenry (as against patricians); the "people", people s voting entity, the common people. 2

.plenus, -a -um ----full, complete; abundant; rich; full sounding (music and oratory). 1

.plerumque, adv. ----often; generally 1

.plerusque, -raque -rumque (and plur. plerique -raeque -raque) ----the greater number of, most, most of.... 2

.plico, -are ----fold, fold up; wind up (string) 3

.pluma, -ae, f. ----feather, feathers, down (for cushions, etc.). 3

.plumbum, -i, n. ----lead (plumbum, chem. Pb.), 3

.pluvius, -a -um ----rainy, of rainfall 4

.poculum, -i, n. ----a wine-cup; a drink; drink = wine. 2

.poena, -ae, f. ----punishment; payment of an injury, fine; penalty. 1

.poeta, -ae, m. ----a poet, composer of poetry; an artist. 3

.polio, -ire ----polish, smoothe over; dress (stone or wood); polish (writing). 2

.pollex, -icis, m. ----the thumb; also the big toe. 3

.polliceor, -eri -cirus, dep. ----promise; give a promise; bid on...; guarantee. 2

.pollicitatio, -onis, f. ----promise. 4

.polluo, -uere -ui -utum ----pollute, defile, stain; filthify. 2

.polus, -i, m. ----the pole, rotating axis of the earth; the "pole" i.e. the sky. 2

.pompa, -ae, f. ----a ceremonial procession, triumphant march; funerary procession; ostentation, "pomp" 2

.pondus, -eris, n. ----weight, a weight, mass, load; importance, weight, "gravity". 1

.pone, adv. ----behind, in the rear of. 3

.pono, ponere posui (posivi) positum ----place, locate, set down; ; place (money out at loan); put aside or "put-by", pose(a problem) 1

.pons, pontis, m. ----a bridge; bridgeway, catwalk; platform. 2

.pontifex, -ficis ----priest, pontiff, official in charge of public religion in Rome. 3

.pontus, -i, n. ----the sea, (elegant Greek word, as against Latin mare). 2

.popina, -ae, f. ----a cheap eatery = Ital. trattoria, Engl. fast-food place. 5

.popularis, -e ----belonging to the people; public; popular; popular in esteem. 1

.populatio, -onis, f. ----ravaging a territory (actually de-population). 4

.populeus, -a -um ----of the poplar tree. 5

.populo, -are and populor -ari, dep. ----plunder, ravage, (actually= de-populo, "depopulate"). 1

.populus, -i, m. ----the people; nation; race; "people" politically; the populace; the lower classes. 1

.populus, -i, fem.! ----a poplar tree,

.porricio, -ricere -rectum ----offer up (as a religious sacrifice). 4

.porrigo, -rigere -rexi -rectum ----reach out, extend out, stretch; hold out, offer...to someone. 2

.porro, adv. ----further, straight on, toward; further (on); furthermore. 2

.porta, -ae, f. ----gate, city-gate; gateway; any doorway, opening (not a door as such, for which "fores" is suitable). 1

.portendo, -tendere -tendi -tentum ----prophisize, divine (from some omen), portend. 2

.porticus, -us, f. ----porch, portico, columned open walkway, (the portico of the Stoics) Stoicism 3

.portitor, -oris, m. ----"the customs man" (Charon!). 5

.porto, -are ----carry, transport; move, bear, bring. 1

.portorium, -i, n. ----customs tax, toll, port- tax. 3

.portus, -us, m. ----port, harbor; a haven; safe-repository. 2

.posco, poscere poposci ----ask for (strongly, as against peto); demand; summon forth...; request. 1

.possessio, -onis, f. ----possession (legal); (mil.) possession; a possession (land or domain). 2

.possideo, -sidere -sedi -sessum ----possess, have and hold (leg.); control, administer; rule, dominate; take over, occupy. 1

.possum, posse potui ----be able, be able to...; have power to...; be capable of, have within one s power. 1

.post, (older poste), adv. ----after, afterwards, later; further on. 1

.postea, adv. ----afterwards, next. 1

.posteaquam, conj. ----after that, later on, afterwards. 2

.posteritas, -atis, f. ----future generations, posterity. 3

.posterus, (poster) -a -um ----later, next; future 2

.posteri nom.. pl. ----men who live later = descendants). 2

.posthabeo, -ere -ui -itum ----put second, consider of less importance. 3

.posthac, adv. ----hereafter, in the future, afterwards. 3

.postis, -is f, ----doorway, portal, gate; post of a doorway 2

.postquam, adv. ----after.... 2

.postridie, adv. ----on the following day 2

.postulo, -are ----ask for, demand 2

.potens, -entis ----powerful, capable, able. 2

.potentia, -iae f. ----power, force, strength, the supreme authority, rule 2

.potentatus, -us m. ----power, rule, supreme rule 2

.potestas, -tatis f. ----power, rule 1

.potior, -iri -potitus ----get power over, get in one s possession, rule, rule over. (Takes abl. obj) 2

.potior, compar. adj., -neut. potius ----more powerful = preferable; rather, to be preferred... 2

.potis, f. potis, neut pote. ----(able, having power to) Not used but base for potior and potissimus. 2

.potissimus, -a -us ----most powerful, supreme in power 2

.poto, -are ----drink, drink down, swallow 2

.prae, adv. ----in front of, ahead of, before; compared with; in regard to.... 1

.praeacutus, -a -um ----sharpened, very pointed. 4

.praebeo, -bere -bui -bitum ----set forth, put forth; offer, provide; produce (an effect). 1

.praecaveo, -cavere -cavi -cautum ----watch out for, be careful of, be on one s guard. 2

.praecedo, -cedere -cessi -cessum ----go ahead of...; precede (in place, in time, in discovery); take precedence over, outrank. 1

.praecelsus, -a -um ----very high, very tall (in stature). 5

.praeceps, -cipitis ----head-first, headlong; rushing onwards, falling, pitching over. 1

.praecipio, -cipere -cepi -ceptum ----take first, get before the others; anticipate; give precepts ; teach. 2

.praecipito, -are ----send headlong, throw; plunge, go headfirst; lose face; plunge into.... 1

.praecipuus, -a -um ----exceeding, surpassing (others), special; individual, one s very own = personal. 2

.praeclarus, -a -um ----bright, brilliant, shining; outstanding, splendid. 2

.praecludo, -cludere -clusi -clusum ----close off, block, bar the way; hinder, impede, prevent. 1

.praeco, -onis, m. ----a public "crier", herald; an auctioneer. 2

.praeconium, -ii n. ----heralding; the announcement in public of a praeco. q.v. 4

.praecordia, -orum, n. pl. ----heart, breast, chest, "thorax"; heart 2

.praecurro, -currere -cucurri and -curri -cursum ----run out ahead, precede= get ahead, get ahead of. 2

.praeda, -ae, f. ----booty, plunder, loot (mil.); prey (in hunting); a reward, prize (compare praemium). 1

.praedator, -oris, m. ----plunderer, robber. 4

.praedicatio, -onis, f. ----proclamation, public notice; praise, renown. 3

.praedico, -are ----proclaim, promulgate, announce; recommend, praise, (The -i- is short). 1

.praedco, -dicere -dixi -dictum ----predict, foretell, prophesize; appoint early; give warning to, (The -i- is long). 1 s

.praeditus, -a -um ----endowed with (qualities); furnished with, having; put before = in charge of. 2

.praedium, -ii n. ----a farm, a country estate 4

.praedo, -onis, m. ----a robber. 3

.praedor, -ari, dep. ----plunder, rob. 3

.praeeo, -ire -ivi and -ii -itum ----go ahead, procede; come first (in place or time); go first = lead a song, a mass, etc.. 1

.praefectura, -ae, f. ----position of authority (of a praefectus); a prefecture ; a territory in the Empire... 1

.praefectus, -us, m. ----a commander, one in charge (mil., government); a captain in the army. 1

.praefero, -ferre -tuli -latum ----carry out in front; carry past; offer; consider first = prefer. 1

.praeficio, -ficere -feci -fectum ----(place in front of) put in charge of (administrative term); charge to.... 2

.praefigo, -figere -fixi -fixum ----fix onto, stick onto; block. 3

.praemetuo, -ere ----be apprehensive. 5

.praemitto, -ere -misi -misum ----send ahead, dispatch forward 2

.praemium, -ii n. ----reward, prize 2

.praenato, -are ----swim ahead 5

.praeopto, -are ----chose (as) first; prefer. 4

.praeparo, -are ----to make ready, prepare. 2

.praepes, -petis ----flying straight ahead; swift of wing; showing good augury (by birds). 3

.praepinguis, -e ----fat (of men, animals), rich (of land, of vocal quality). 5

.praepono, -ponere -posui -positum ----place in front of; prefer, value more; place in a position of authority. 2

.praeripio, -ripere -ripui -reptum ----grab first, seize; forestall, intercept. 2

.praerumpo, -rumpere -rupi -ruptum ----snap off (masts, oars, sheets of a ship). 5

.praesaepe, -is n. ----a fenced in enclosure, hedged area; stall, beehive 4 see praesepe.

.praescius, -a -um ----knowing beforehand. 4

.praescribo, -scribere -scripsi -scriptum ----write out, indicate by writing; outline, describe; prescribe. 1

.praesentia, -ae, f. ----presence; being present (in a beneficial or helpful way). 2

.praesentio, -sentire -sensi -sensum ----to feel beforehand, have a presentiment of. 3

.praesepe, -is, n. ----barn-stall (for animals) stall.. or praesaepe 4

.praesertim, adv. ----especially, chiefly. 2

.praesideo, -sidere -sedi -sessum ----(sit before), keep watch, guard, watch out for; surprise, oversee. 2

.praesidium, -i, n. ----guard, protection, security; a (mil.) outpost, garrison; a fort. 1

.praesto, adv/adj. ----ready at hand, ready on the spot, at hand. 1

.praesto, -stare -stiti -stitum ----(stand forth =) be outstanding, excellent, important; stand by for....., furnish; fulfil (a promise);.. 1

.praestolor, -ari, dep. ----to wait for, lie in wait for, expect. 4

.praesum, -esse -fui ----be at the head of, be in charge of; lead, be leader. 1

.praetendo, -tendere -tendi -tentum ----stretch out, stretch forth; protect. 2

.praeter, adv. ----beyond, past; in opposition to, against; except, excluding. 1

.praeterea, adv. ----besides, further; after this, hereafter. 2

.praetereo, -ere -ivi (and oftener -ii -itum) ----go past, pass by; omit, leave out; pass over, forget. 1

.praeterlabor, -labi -lapsus, dep. ----glide past (of water, of an idea). 5

.praetermitto, -mittere -misi -missum ----carry past, send past; omit; let slip (an advantage; an idea; memory). 2

.praeterquam ----except (beyond -how); in addition; except. 2

.praetervehor, -vehi -vectus sum, (pass.) ----ride past (on a horse; on a boat). 3

.praetexo, -texere -texui -textum ----cover over, cloak; cover = protect; edge, bind the edge of. 3

.praetextatus, -a -um ----wearing the praetexta, toga. 4

.praetor, -oris, m. ----(he who is in front =) leader, captain; a Roman magistrate (judge) under the consuls. 1

.praetorius, -a -um ----of the praetor, magisterial; of the Praetorian Guard. 2

.praetura, -ae, f. ----the office of the praetor. 3

.praeuro, -urere -ussi -ustus ----scorched at the tips; frostbitten 4

.praeverto, (praevorto) -vertere -verti -versum (and praevertor-verti -versus sum) ----turn towards; direct; give attention to; anticipate (prae). 2

.praevideo, -videre -vidi -visum ----forsee, see first. 4

.pratum, -i, n. ----open field, meadow-land. 3

.pravus, -a -um ----crooked, warped; "twisted" = perverse, weird; wrongheaded; evil. 2

.precor, -ari, dep. ----beg for, pray for; earnestly ask for. 1

.prehendo, prehendere prehendi prehensum (and prendo prendere prendi prensum) ----grab, grasp; catch, take hold of... ; take over (mil.); comprehend, grasp (in mind). 1

.premo, premere pressi pressum ----press, crush; compress; make love; press upon...(mil.); oppress; overwhelm. 1

.prendo ----= prehendo. 1

.prenso, -are ----grasp at, "buttonhole"; canvas for pol. office. 3

.presso, -are ----to press. 3

.pretium, -i, n. ----price, value; evaluation; prize; price = cost = money; a bribe. 1

.prex, precis (usually plur:. preces) ----a request, entreaty. 2

.pridem, adv ----long ago, long since. 2

.pridie, adv. ----on the day before. 3

.primus, -a -um ----first, foremost; earliest; nearest; first class, most important. 1

.princeps, -cipis, adj. ----first, (see primus for similar development). ; as noun: leader, head; a prince, president 1

.principatus, -us, m. ----leader s position; rule; principate; the principle which governs (Cic.). 2

.principium, -i, n. ----origin, beginning; cause, first principle; first-place = high rank. 1

.prior, prius, genit. -oris, compar. adj. ----first, prior, previous; primary, more basic; ancient. 1

.priusquam, or priusquam, conj. ----before. 1

.priscus, -a -um ----ancient, from or of ancient times; old fashioned; archaic. 3

.pristinus, -a -um ----ancient, old; original, pristine. 3

.privatim, adv. ----privately, as a private person, in private life. 2

.privo, -are ----deprive of, prevent from possession of...; be free from.... 2

.pro, prep., with abl. ----before, in front of; for, on behalf of, in favor of; in place of. 1

.pro, interj. (roughly equal to) ----Oh my god!. 3

.proavus, -i, m. ----a great-grandfather; an ancestor. 3

.probo, -are ----approve, commend; authorize, give assent to; prove (as true and provable). 1

.procax, -cacis ----aggressive, forward; shameless; unrestrained. 2

.procedo, -cedere -cessi -cessum ----go ahead, go on, proceed; come forth, advance (mil.); come forth (flowers, etc.), arise, happen, progress. 1

.procella, -ae, f. ----a tempest, sudden storm; civil trouble. 2

.proceres, -um, m. (pl. only) ----leaders, nobles. 3

.processus, -us, m. ----forward-going; progress, an advance in.... 3

.proclamo, -are ----cry out, raise a cry; declare, claim; 3

.proconsul, -sulis, m. ----proconsul; governor, administrator (mil. and civil). 3

.procul, adv. ----at a distance; from afar, far away; long ago; far from... 1

.procumbo, -cumbere -cubui -cubitum ----lean forward, incline forward; genuflect; stretch out; fall, crash. 2

.procuratio, -onis, f. ----attention; responsibility; being a "procurator" in government. 3

.procuro, -are ----take care of, take responsibility for...; be in charge of, administer. 2

.procurvus, -a -um ----curving, curved. 5

.procus, -i, m. ----suitor. 4

.prodeo, -ire -ii -itum ----come forward; go forth; appear (on stage); stick out = project; come into being. 1

.prodigium, -i, n. ----a prodigy, a portentous happening; a marvel, a monster. 3

.prodigus, -a -um ----wasteful, lavish; unrestrained; lavish (not necessarily bad). 3

.proditio, -onis, f. ----betrayal. 3

.prodo, -dere -didi -ditum ----(give forth =) hand over; betray; hand over (ideas, information); hand down 1

.produco, -ducere -duxi -ductum ----bring forward, forth; bring into view; bring up (children); invent, produce. 1

.proelior, -ari, dep. ----fight in battle, strive against. 4

.proelium, -i, n. ----battle, fight; any hostile encounter; any contest (drink, sex, etc.); verbal battle. 1

.profanus, -a -um ----not involved in or initiated into religious rites; profane, secular; evil, sacrilegious. 2

.profectio, -onis, f. ----origins; departure. 5

.profecto, adv. ----to be sure, certainly, for a fact. 2

.profero, -ferre -tuli -latum ----bring forth, display; bring into being; produce (ideas, words); produce (evidence); quote,

.professio, -onis, f. ----a statement of faith, profession; statement (legal); occupation. 2

.professor, -oris, m. ----a professor, one who "professes" to know a subject well. 3

.proficio, -ficere -feci -fectum ----get ahead, succeed, make advances; progress; advance; be of use, help. 1

.proficiscor, -ficisci -fectus, dep. ----go forth, set out, start on a trip; proceed; derive from, develop. 3

.profiteor, -fiteri -fessus, dep. ----state, affirm; give assurance, promise; make a claim; practice (a profession). 2

.profligo, -are ----crush, defeat, overwhelm; ruin. 2

.profluo, -fluere -fluxi -fluxum ----(of liquids) flow out, overflow, over-run; "derive" from. 3

.profor, -fari -fatus, dep. ----speak out, say; give a warning, speak prophetically. 3

.profugio, -fugere -fugi ----flee, escape, run away; desert (home, country), emigrate. 2

.profugus, -a -um ----escaping, running away; runaway (slave); emigrant, self-exiled. 2

.profundo, -fundere -fudi -fusum ----pour forth = out; pour out (words, ideas, feelings); pour forth the animum "soul " = die. 2

.profundum, -i, n. ----deep water, an abyss; chasm; the infinity of outer space. 2

.profundus, -a -um ----deep, profound, deep (of water) , deep thought 2

.progenies, -ei, f. ----progeny; family, line, race. 2

.progigno, -gignere -genui -genitum ----produce, propagate; cause. 2

.prognatus, -a -um ----born, sprung from, 3

.progredior, -gredi -gressus, dep. ----go forward, advance; proceed; go on to.... 1

.prohibeo, -ere ----hold back, hold off; prohibit, prevent, restrain. 1

.proicio, -icere -ieci -iectum ----hurl, throw forth; rush, advance rashly, thrust...; throw away, give up, reject. 1

.proinde, adv, and proin ----consequently, therefore. 3

.prolabor, -labi -lapsus, dep. ----glide forward, slide forth; slip away; collapse, disintegrate; fall into (error). 2

.prolato, -are ----enlarge, expand, extend; (also) push off = procrastinate. 3

.proles, -is, f. ----progeny, descendants, family, race; a generation. 2

.proluo, -luere -lui -lutum ----wash off, scour; purify. 3

.proluvies, -ei, f. ----flood, overflow; discharge of pus, excrement, vomit, (disgusting !). 4

.promereo, -ere -ui -itum and promereor -eri -itus, dep. ----earn, work for, merit, deserve; win gain. 2

.promitto, -mittere -misi -missum ----send forth, release, let out; undertake, agree to... ; guarantee (legal), make a contract. 1

.promo, promere prompsi promptum ----bring forth, draw out, reveal; bring out of hiding; publish. 1

.promoveo, -movere -movi -motum ----move forward; advance; promote (a person); progress. 1

.promulgo, -are ----publish publicly, announce; make widely known. 3

.promunturium, -i, n. ----promontory, rocky procession of hills into sea 3

.pronuba, -ae, f. ----a (matronly) "bridesmaid"; (Juno) pronuba (presiding over marriages), 3

.pronuntio, -are ----state, pronounce; speak out; give a verdict or legal decision; relate. 1

.pronus, -a -um ----bending forward, leaning forward; prone = lying on one s stomach (opp. of supinus) 1

.propago, -are ----propagate (plants from slips); hand down, transmit; extend. 2

.propago, -inis f. ----progeny, children; descendants 2

.prope, adv. ----close, near; closer; nearly = almost. 1

.propello, -pellere -puli -pulsum ----push forth, push on; push away; push over. 2

.propero, -are ----rush, hurry, be in haste; rush to (do something). 1

.properus, -a -um ----quick, speedy. 4

.propinquitas, -tatis f. ----nearness, proximity; kin, relationship 3

.propinquo, -are ----come near to, approach. 3

.propinquus, -a -um ----near, close by; neighboring; related, a family member. 2

.propono, -ponere -posui -positum ----set forth, expose, exhibit; publish, post, announce; bring to mind, call attention to; propose; propound. 1

.proprius, -a -um ----one s own, "proper"; personal, individual; belonging to one individual. 1

.propter, adv. ----near, close-by, close to...; (as prep.) near; because of, through; for the sake of. 1

.propterea, adv. ----on that account, therefore. 2

.propugnaculum, -i, n. ----a fortification rampart, defence. 3

.propugno, -are ----fight out in front, in front ranks (mil.); defend, protect. 3

.propulso, -are ----to drive back, ward off. 3

.prora, -ae, f. ----prow (of a ship); a ship. 3

.proripio, -ripere -ripui -reptum ----snatch out; bring forth; burst forth. 3

.prorumpo, -rumpere -rupi -ruptum ----burst forth, break out; (of news) appear suddenly. 2

.proruo, -ruere -rui -rutum ----rush forward; rush forth and fall over, collapse. 2

.proscriptio, -onis, f. ----affixed notice of sale; publicly posted list of wanted criminals. 3

.prosequor, -sequi -secutus, dep. ----go along before, with; accompany; send along; accompany; follow up. 1

.prosilio, -ire -ui (-ivi ir -ii) ----leap out, leap forth; rush, gush; grow forth, sprout. 2

.prospectus, -us, m. ----prospect, view; outlook 2

.prosperus, -a -um ----favorable, nice; successful. 2

.prospicio, -spicere -spexi -spectum ----look out ahead; watch; anticipate, think of (ahead); take care (for the future). 2

.prosterno, -sternere -stravi -stratum ----"stretch out = knock down; abase, lay low; defeat, route, ruin. 2

.prosum, prodesse profui ----(be ready at hand), be of use, be of advantage to, aid. 1

.protego, -tegere -texi -tectum ----cover over, shield; protect. 2

.protendo, -tendere -tendi -tentum ----stretch out, spread out; extend. 3

.proterreo, -ere ----scare off. 4

.protinus, (protenus), adv. ----forward, right on from...; immediately, directly. 2

.protraho, -trahere -traxi -tractum ----drag forwards, drag out; draw out (in time); extend; reveal, bring to light. 2

.proturbo, -are ----to drive forward. 4

.proveho, -vehere -vexi -vextum ----carry forwards, bring forth; bring forth, press; develop (to a point). 2

.provenio, -venire -veni -ventum ----come forth, come into existence; progress, advance, succeed. 1

.providentia, -ae, f. ----foresight, foreknowledge; forethought, providence. 3

.provideo, -videre -vidi -visum ----see ahead, perceive in advance; provide for, be cautious against. 1

.provincia, -ae, f. ----a Roman province; provincial magistracy; rule, command. 2

.provincialis, -e ----concerned with a province; of a provincial magistracy, (as a noun) inhabitant of the provinces. 2

.provoco, -are ----call forth, summon; challenge, question; provoke, arouse, stir up. 1

.provolo, -are ----to fly forth, rush out. 4

.prudens, -entis ----(= provides), forethinking, aware, sagacious, clever. 2

.prudentia, -ae, f. ----foresight; knowledge. 3

.pruina, -ae, f. ----frost on the ground. 4

.pruna, -ae, f. ----a live coal. 4

.pubens, -entis, of plants ----in full growth, strong. 5

.pubes, -is, f. ----adulthood, maturity; puberty; the pubic area = groin. 3

.pubes, and puber -eris ----mature, ripe; pubescent; adult. 3

.pubesco, -bescere -bui ----arrive at maturity; arrive a puberty. 4

.publicanus, -a -um ----of a public works contractor; a tax collector. 4

.publicatio, -onis, f. ----confiscation. 5

.publico, -are ----make public = confiscate from the state; publish, promulgate, make generally known. 2

.publicus, -a -um ----of the public, of the people, public; common, open to the public. 1

.pudeo, -ere ----it shames, fills with shame, 1

.pudicitia, -ae, f. ----chastity, model "virtue". 3

.pudor, -oris, m. ----feeling of shame, bashfulness, decency. 2

.puella, -ae, f. ----girl, maiden; any young woman; darling, dear(ie); girlfriend. 1

.puer, -i, m. ----boy, son; child (boy or girl); "boy" = slave, 1

.puerilis, -e ----like a child; childish. 3

.pueritia, -ae, f. ----childhood; childishness. 3

.pugna, -ae, f. ----fist-fight, any fight; battle (mil.); legal conflict, argument. 1

.pugno, -are ----fight, battle; engage in battle (mil.); contend, fight against. 1

.pugnus, -i, m. ----the fist; fistful, handful of.... 3

.pulcher, pulchra pulchreum, and pulcer -cra -crum ----beautiful, lovely, handsome; fine, splendid; decent, noble. 1

.pulso, -are ----strike, hit, beat; assault, attack; assail (mil.). 1

.pulsus, -us, m. ----beating, knocking; impulse; pulse of the heart. 2

.pulverulentus, -a -um ----full of dust, dusty. 5

.pulvinar, -aris, n. ----an un-upholstered couch (used in ritual for a for a god, ); pillowed couch. 3

.pulvis, -eris, m. ----dust; volcanic ash; dust (in the race, in the field of battle); a powder. 2

.pumex, -icis, m. ----pumice (used as eraser on vellum). 3

.punctum, -i n. ----point, puncture, perforation; point (on paper) 3

.puniceus, -a -um ----red, crimson; perhaps purple (Tyrian purple was Punic = Phoenician). 3

.punio, (poenio) -ire and punior -iri, dep. ----punish; avenge by punishment. (The -oe- spelling is an archaism.) 5

.puppis, -is, f. ----the poop or stern of a ship; a ship. 2

.purgo, -are ----clean, purge; purify (rel.); absolve oneself, apologize. 1

.purpura, -ae, f. ----purple color, purple dye; cloth dyed purple; purple of toga-hem of magistrates, senators 3

.purpuratus, -a -um ----purple; of the magistracy. 5

.purpureus, -a -um ----purple colored. 3

.purus, -a -um ----pure, clean; free form (moral) stain; taboo. 1

.puto, -are ----think, consider, think about, go over in one s mind; suppose that..., suppose 1

.pyra, -ae, . ----funeral pyre. 3

.quadrageni, -ae -a ----forty at a time, forty each. 3

.quadraginta ----forty. 4

.quadrigae, -arum ----a four horse teamed chariot (for racing) 3

.quadringenti ----four hundred (the numeral); 4 0 0, 0 0 0

.quadrupes, -edis ----quadruped; an animal, four footed animal. 2

.quaero, quaerere quaesii or quaesivi quaesitum ----seek, look for, hunt after; hold a legal inquiry. 1

.quaesitor, -oris, m. ----investigator, inquirer, (esp. judicial). 4

.quaeso fixed form of vb. ----I ask you, I beg you, please.(only 1st pers. sing.). 2

.quaestio, -onis, f. ----seeking; inquiry, investigation; (esp.) judicial inquiry. 2

.quaestor, -oris, m. ----a magistrate, the "quaestor". 1

.quaestus, -us, m. ----business ; profit; wealth, income. 2

.qualis, -e ----of what sort (nature, personality, disposition, social class. 1

.quam, adv. ----how? in what way? how much! what a...!; (more) than, (rather) than, 1

.quamquam, (quanquam) ----although, though; nevertheless, yet. 1

.quamvis ----as much as you please. 2

.quando ----at what time? when? when. 1

.quandocumque, (quandocunque) ----at whatever time, whenever. 3

.quantus, -a -um ----how great? how much?. 1

.quantuscumque, -acumque -umcumque ----however great. 2

.quantusvis, -avis -umvis ----as great as you please, however great. 4

.quartus, -a -um ----fourth (in order, rank, etc.). 2

.quasi ----as if; just as if; supposed that if..., as if (it were...).

.quasso, -are ----shake about, brandish; batter, break. 2

.quater ----four times. 3

.quaterni, -ae -a ----four at a time, four each. 3

.quatio, quatere quassi quassum ----shake, brandish; shake down; upset, disturb; beat on, assault. 1

.quattuor ----four. 2

.quattuordecim ----fourteen. 2

.que, enclitic conj. ----and ; (repeated) -que...-que, both...and.... 1

.queo, quire quivi and quii, quitum ----(an old and archaic verb = possum be able). 1

.quercus, -i f. ----oak, oak tree 2

.querela, (querella) -ae, f. ----complaint, grieving; non-agreement; a medical complaint. 2

.querimonia, -ae, f. ----complaint. 2

.queror, queri questus, dep. ----complain, lament; ; protest ; make a complaining sound (doves cooing, ). 1

.questus, -us, m. ----angry complaint about.... 4

.qui, quae quod, "relative". adj. ----which, what, what kind of,

.qui, (old abl. of qui, rather rare), interrog.. ----in what manner? how?, (= quo modo) = how?). 1

.quia ----because. 1

.quicumque, (quicunque) quaecumque quodcumque ----whosoever, whatsoever, whatever. 1

.quidam, quaedam quodam ----a certain person or thing, 1

.quidem ----not, even..., 1

.quies, -etis, f. ----sleep, rest; quiet peacefulness, serenity, 1

.quiesco, -escere -evi -etum ----go to sleep; rest, get away from...; rest (in death), pass away. 1

.quin ----(in questions) why not?; but that..., 2

.quinam, quaenam quodnam ----who? who (ever) is it? ; who, I beg you? 2

.quindecim ----fifteen. 3

.quingeni, -ae -a ----five hundred each. 4

.quini, -ae -a ----five at a time, five each. 4

.quinquaginta ----fifty. 3

.quinque ----five. 1

.quintus, -a -um ----fifth; one fifth, 2

.quippe ----to be sure (ironic); indeed, for sure!. 2

.Quiris, n. sg. ----= Quirites 2

.Quirites, n. pl. -ium and -um ----Romans. (The archaic and formal term.) 2

.quis, = aliquis ----(-Memorize this old rhyme :"After se, nisi, num and ne / the ali- of aliquis goes away"!). 2

.quis, = quibus ----(in poetry often quis with long -i- stands as a shortened form for quibus, 2

.quispiam, quaepiam quidpiam ----anyone, anything; someone, something. 2

.quisquam, quaequam quidquam (quicquam) ----anybody, anyone, anything. 2

.quisque, quaeque quidque ----each one, each person (or thing) 2

.quisquis, quaequae quidquid (quicquid), and adj. quodquod ----whoever, whatever, whichever; anyone, anything. 2

.quivis, quaevis quidvis (adj. quodvis) ----whosoever, whatsoever. 5

.quo, interrog. ----where? in what place?, (actually quo = loco). 1

.quo ----from which, by which, whereby, (actually quo + modo "in which manner, way"). 1

.quoad ----how far; as far as. 2

.quocirca ----wherefore. 4

.quod, conj. ----the fact that, the point that; as to the fact that; (often=)because. 1

.quominus ----so that not. 3

.quondam ----once, once upon a time; at some time (= in the future). 1

.quoniam ----since, whereas, because. 2

.quoque, placed after the word it emphasizes ----also, too. 1

.quot, indecl. ----how many? so many!. 1

.quoties, (quotiens) ----how many times? so many times (as...). 2

.quotiescumque, (quotiescunque) ----however often. 3

.quotquot, indecl. ----however many as.... 3

.quousque, (quo+usque) ----how long?, how far?. 2

.rabidus, -a -um ----raging, wild (animals, the forces of nature); frenzied, wild (of emotions, conduct, etc.) 2

.rabies, -ei, f. ----madness, frenzy; wild, uncontrolled behavior. 2

.radius, -i, m. ----a ray of light; spoke of a wheel (in radial display); stick, rod, teacher s baton. 2

.radix, -icis, f. ----root, base, origin; source. 2

.rado, radere rasi rasum ----rub, scrape off, shave; brush past. 2

.raeda, -ae, f. ----a coach with four wheels for trips. 3

.ramus, -i, m. ----a branch, bough. 3

.rapiditas, -atis, f. ----rapidity. 5

.rapidus, -a -um ----flowing quickly (of rivers); swift, quick; scorching hot (sun, flame); having a violent character. 2

.rapina, -ae, f. ----plunder, looting; stealing of a woman (but not our criminal "rape"). 3

.rapio, rapere rapui raptum ----sieze, grasp, grab; "rip off" = steal; plunder; carry off (from life); grasp at.... 1

.rapto, -are ----drag off (to court), drag away; plunder, loot. 3

.raptor, -oris, m. ----plunderer; abductor. 3

.raresco, -ere ----thin out, become thinner, fainter; become less densely populated. 4

.rarus, -a -um ----reticulated (like a net); airy, spacey; (rarely) rare 2

.ratio, -onis, f. ----"reckoning", or adding up numbers, financial totaling; reason, reasoning;, ratio; business;. 1

.ratis, -is, f. ----a raft; a craft, a boat. 2

.raucus, -a -um ----raucous, rough-sounding, harsh (voices, music, noises of birds, etc.). 2

.rebellio, -onis, f. ----rebellion, insurrection, revolt. 4

.rebellis, -e ----rebellious. 5

.recedo, -cedere -cessi -cessum ----go back, withdraw, retire; disappear; withdraw, reside; withdraw, 1

.recens, -entis ----new, fresh, recent; vigorous. 2

.recenseo, -censere -censui -censum ----review, think over, look over....; rethink 1

.receptus, -us, m. ----recovering; withdrawing; shelter. 3

.recessus, -us, m. ----retreat; withdrawing; receding; a recess, remote place, or "retreat" = shelter. 2

.recidivus, -a -um ----renewing; reviving, reoccurring. 5

.recingo, -cingere -cinxi -cinctum ----un-belt oneself, take off a belt, girdle, etc.. 5

.recipio, -cipere -cepi -ceptum ----receive, take in; admit into...; accept; accept as a duty;. 3

.reclamo, -are ----cry out, shout; shout out in protest. 3

.recludo, -cludere -clusi -clusum ----(un-close =) open up, open; reveal, uncover; expose 3

.recognosco, -noscere -novi -nitum ----(know again), reconsider, reflect upon; acknowledge. 3

.recolo, -colere -colui -cultum ----re-work, re-cultivate; re-establish...; resume doing...; recall (mentally). 2

.reconcilio, -are ----bring back together by counsel; reconcile; restore. 3

.reconditus -a -um ----hidden away, inaccessible; recondite 2

.recondo, -dere -didi -ditum ----store, put away, "put up" = put in the larder; hide away, . 2

.recordor, -ari, dep. ----call to memory, remember, recollect. 2

.recreo, -are ----to restore, refresh, revive. 2

.rector, -oris, m. ----ruler, governor; teacher; helmsman of a boat. 2

.rectus, -a -um ----straight, direct; straight forward; erect; honest, honorable, correct. 1

.recubo, -are ----to lie back, as if at ease. 4

.recupero, (recipero) -are ----to regain, recover. 4

.recurso, -are ----keep running back to...; keep recurring (mentally). 2

.recursus, -us, m. ----return, retreat. 5

.recusatio, -onis, f. ----refusal; a counter-plea (leg.). 5

.recuso, -are ----refuse, reject; decline to...; oppose.... 2

.recutio, -cutere -cussi -cussum ----to strike back. 5

.reda, -ae, f. ----= raeda 4

.reddo, -dere -didi -ditum ----hand over; give back, hand over; restore, reflect back; give a return answer. 1

.redeo, -ire -ii (-ivi) -itum ----go back, come back, return; revert (financial, legal). 1

.redigo, -ere -egi -actum ----drive back, bring down; reduce 2

.redimio, -ire -ii -itum ----encircle, bind; bind up with a garland. 3

.redimo, -imere -emi -emptum ----buy back, buy up; pay a ransom; buy off, "redeem" (by payments). 1

.redintegro, -are ----restore, renew, refresh. 3

.reditio, -onis, f. ----going back, return. 5

.reditus, -us, m. ----re-rendering; return to...; "returns" as profit from business. 2

.redoleo, -ere -ui ----to give an odor, smell. 3

.reduco, -ducere -duxi -ductum ----bring back; retreat (mil.);bring back = revive; recall to mind. 1

.redundo, -are ----flow back (of water, unda "wave"); overflow, be overfilled; redound, over-flow. 3

.redux, -ducis, adj. ----bringing back (home); returning from war, 3

.refello, -fellere -felli ----refute (a person, a legal charge.), 3

.refercio, -fercire -fersi -fertum ----stuff, fill up with stuffing, cram full. 4

.refero, referre rettuli relatum ----bring back, return, carry back; withdraw (mil.); bring back news, report that..... 1)

.r-fert, referre retulit, impers. ----it makes a difference, it matters, counts; it is of importance, (The -e- is long). 1

.reficio, -ficere -feci -fectum ----make over, re-do, restore, repair; restore (to health); recover. 2

.refigo, -figere -fixi -fixum ----un- fasten, detach 4

.reflecto, -flectere -flexi -flexum ----bend backwards, turn back; reverse; deflect (someone from...). 2

.refringo, -fringere -fregi -fractum ----break, crack; break open (gates, doors). 2

.refugio, -fugere -fugi ----run away, flee; flee from..., shun, avoid. 3

.refugium, -i, n. ----a refuge. 4

.refulgeo, -fulgere -fulsi ----shine brightly, gleam; reflect; shine (as an example of...). 2

.refundo, -fundere -fudi -fusum ----flow back; overflow; slip back; give back, refund (financial). 3

.refuto, -are ----drive back, oppose; refute. 3

.regalis, -e ----kingly, royal, regal. 2

.regificus, -a -um ----princely, splendid. 5

.regina, -ae, f. ----a queen; a goddess; a queen of a fine lady; queen of...(anything) 1

.regio, -onis, f. ----direction, area; region, land, country; region (astron., of a body). 1

.regius, -a -um ----of a king, royal, regal, magnificent. 2

.regnator, -oris, m. ----one who rules, ruler, king. 3

.regno, -are ----rule like a king; reign; be master over... 1

.regnum, -i, n. ----kingly power; sovereignty; tyranny; a kingdom, realm, (see rex). 1

.rego, regere rexi rectum ----rule like a king; rule over; manage, guide; command (mil.). 1

.regredior, -gredi -gressus, dep. ----to step back, go back; retreat (mil.). 2

.reicio, -icere -ieci -iectum ----throw, hurl, shove; discard. reject; vomit; refuse; reject = put off. 1

.relanguesco, -languescere -langui ----to faint; die down (winds); slacken. 3

.relaxo, -are ----soften up; relax; release, untie; to free...from...; mitigate. 2

.relgo, -are ----put away, remove, transfer; banish, (The -e- is long). 2

.relego, -legere -legi -lectum ----pick up, gather up; read over again, go over, (The -e- is short). 2

.relevo, -are ----lighten up, lighten; relieve; raise up. 2

.religio, (relligio) -onis, f. ----a sense of awe in presence of something "divine"; awe, a feeling of reverence 2

.religiosus, (relligiosus) -a -um ----having a sense of religious awe; having scruples; superstitious. 2

.relinquo, -linquere -liqui -lictum ----leave, leave behind; depart from...; abandon; leave behind (relatives, on dying); leave alone. 1

.reliquiae, (relliquiae) -arum, f. pl. ----the remainder, what is left; remnants; the remainder of...; relics, remains of the dead. 2

.reliquus, (relicus) -a -um ----the rest, the remainder; what is left = not dead; debt = what is "left over". 1

.reluceo, -lucere -luxi ----shine out brightly. 5

.remaneo, -manere -mansi -mansum ----to remain behind, stay, continue. 2

.remano, -are ----to flow back. 5

.remeo, -are ----go back, come back, return; recede. 2

.remetior, -metiri -mensus, dep. ----measure out an equal amount; remeasure a road, i.e. go back over it again. 3

.remex, -migis, m. ----a rower. 3

.remigium, -i, n. ----rowing, swimming; a group of oarsmen. 5

.remigo, -are ----to row. 5

.remigro, -are ----come back home; come back to the subject. 4

.reminiscor, -i, dep. ----recall, recollect. 3

.remissio, -onis, f. ----letting go back = releasing; relieving, letting go of...; remitting debts. 2

.remitto, -mittere -misi -missum ----send back, return; push back; release, let go of...; relax; waive (debt). 1

.remollesco, -ere ----become soft, soften. 5

.remordeo, -mordere -morsum ----bite back, snap back at...; nip, vex, bother. 5

.remoror, -ari, dep. ----delay, wait for...; linger. 3

.removeo, -movere -movi -motum ----move away, remove; banish; move out of the way. 1

.remugio, -ire ----bellow, moo in return (of animals); re-echo. 4

.remuneror, -ari, dep. ----pay back, remunerate; reward. 3

.remus, -i, m. ----an oar. 3

.renarro, -are ----to relate again. 5

.renascor, -nasci -natus, dep. ----to be born again, grow again. 2

.renitor, -i, dep. ----to oppose. 5

.renovo, -are ----renew, repair; fix up as good as new 4

.renuntio, -are ----report back, report 2

.reor, -reri -ratus ----think, consider; calculate 2

.repello, -ere ----drive back, ward off, repel (mil.) 2

.rependo, ere ----weigh one thing against another; weigh on (in scales); repay, pay back 2

.repente, adv. ----suddenly 2

.repentinus, -a -um ----sudden 2

.reperio, -ire -per -pertum ----find, find out (by inquiring) 2

.repeto, -ere -ivi itum ----demand, demand back, ask for (again); revisit (seek out the previous place) 2

.repleo, -ere -plevi -pletum ----fill up, fill again, make re-plete 2

.reporto, are ----carry back, bring back; bring back (report that...) 2

.reposco, ere ----demand in return, ask back, demand the return of.... 3

.repraesento, -are ----(make "present" i.e.=) do at once, do at the moment 4

.reprehendo, -ere -di -nsum ----grasp, grab back, get a hold on; consider "reprehensible" = to blame 2

.reprimo, -ere ----- press back, press down, crush down, repress 3

.repudio, -are ----reject, repudiate 3

.repugno, are ----fight back, fight against; disagree with, argue with 2

.requiesco, -quiescere quievi -quietum ----rest, "rest in peace"; take off from...; be relaxed. 2

.requiro, -quirere -quisii and quisivi -quisitum ----seek, seek out, look for; inquire about; need, require. 2

.res, rei, f. ----wealth = property, an estate; goods; a good supply; a thing, deeds; money, business; the "Res-publica" 1

.rescindo, -scindere -scidi -scissum ----cut off, hack away; remove; conceal; (of laws), re-scind = repeal. 2

.rescisco, -sciscere -scivi and -scii -scitum ----get to know about, become aware of. 3

.rescribo, -scribere -scripsi -scriptum ----write a letter (in response); re-write; sign over (money); write (of an Emperor) "a response" 4

.reseco, -secare -secui -sectum ----cut back, curtail, shorten; cut back at the root ; remove completely. 3

.resequor, -sequi -secutus, dep. ----follow (a speaker), continue. 5

.reservo, -are ----reserve; conserve; preserve. 2

.reses, -sidis ----lazy, sluggish, immobile. 3

.resideo, -sidere -sedi -sessum ----sit, be seated; stay seated, remain; persist, endure, last. 2

.resido, -sidere -sedi ----sit down, settle down; subside, become quiescent, abate. 2

.resigno, -are ----unseal, open a document; resign, turn over. 3

.resisto, -sistere -stiti ----stop, stay still; take a stand, oppose, 1

.resolvo, -solvere -solvi -solutum ----loosen, unite, relax; dissolve; soften, 1

.resono, -are ----make a sound, resound; echo. 2

.respecto, -are ----look around for, expect, await; focus one s attention on, consider. 2

.respicio, -spicere -spexi -spectum ----look back, look around for...; face towards...; think back upon...; consider, . 1

.respondeo, -spondere -spondi -sponsum ----answer, respond; write (in answer, = correspond); speak in defense (legal), respond to charges; respond to debts. 1

.respuo, -spuere -spui ----(lit.) spit back; spit out; reject strongly; veer off from.... 2

.restinguo, -stinguere -stinxi -stinctum ----extinguish (fire), quench (thirst); suppress. 3

.restituo, -uere -ui -utum ----set up again, renew, restore; fix up; bring back to health; restore (to previous state, office. 1

.resto, -stare -stiti ----stay there, stay put; stand firm; remain, stay; remain (to be finished, dealt with, etc.). 1

.resulto, -are ----jump back, leap up; rebound; re-echo. 3

.resupinus, -a -um ----lying down on the back, face up; horizontal; leaning backwards. 2

.resurgo, -surgere -surrexi -surrectum ----rise up, rise; revive, become alive again. 2

.retardo, -are ----hinder, retard; slow down.... 2

.rete, -is, n. ----a net; fishnet. 3

.retego, -tegere -texi -tectum ----lay bare, uncover; reveal. 3

.retendo, -tendere -tendi -tensum ----to slacken, unbend. 4

.reticeo, -ere ----be silent, dumb; not mention. 3

.reticulum, -i, n. ----a little net. 3

.retineo, -tinere -tinui -tentum ----hold back, hold fast; check, restrain; cause to remain, stay; maintain; retain in mind. 1

.retorqueo, -torquere -torsi -tortum ----twist back; turn around, turn aside. 2

.retraho, -trahere -traxi -tractum ----drag back, pull backward; save; bring back, retrieve, retire, retract. 2

.retro, adv. ----backwards, behind, in the rear of; backwards (as against forwards); backwards in time. 1

.retrorsum, (retrorsus) ----backwards, in reverse; back. 2

.retundo, retundere retudi (rettudi) retusum (retunsum) ----pound back, hammer back; dull, blunt; destroy. 3

.reus, -i, m. and rea -ae, f. ----a party in a legal suit; a defendant ; the culprit = defendant ; a person who is obligated to another. 1

.revello, -vellere -velli -vulsum ----to pluck out, tear off, rip out; remove. 2

.revelo, -are ----to unveil, lay bare. 4

.reverto, (revorto) -vertere -verti, and pass. revertor (revortor) ----turn around, go back, return; turn (for help) to.... 1

.revincio, -vincire -vinxi -vinctum ----to tie back, bind fast. 3

.revinco, -vincere -vici -victum ----conquer, overwhelm, overcome; beat = win; refute (in words). 2

.reviso, -ere ----pay a return visit to; revisit, return to. 3

.revoco, -are ----call up to come back; summon to return; recall (for any reason); recall (mil.) an officer; bring back; revoke (leg.);. 1

.revolvo, -volvere -volvi -volutum ----roll, revolve, roll over; reverse, turn around. 1

.revomo, -vomere -vomui ----to vomit up. 4

.rex, regis, m. ----ruler, king, prince. 1

.rideo, ridere risi risum ----laugh, smile at; have a good outlook. 1

.ridiculus, -a -um ----funny, laughable, comic; silly. 2

.rigeo, -ere ----be stiff with cold, frozen; be stiff, have a frozen manner; stand stiffly. 2

.rigo, -are ----to wet, soak, irrigate, drench with water. 3

.rima, -ae, f. ----crack, slit; fissure. 3

.rimor, -ari, dep. ----search out cracks, flaws); examine carefully, scrutinize 2

.rimosus, -a -um ----full of cracks. 5

.ripa, -ae, f. ----bank, shore. 3

.rite, adv. ----properly, fitly, rightly. 2

.rivus, -i, m. ----stream. 3

.robur, -oris, n. ----oak; trunk of hardwood species; hardwood timber, lumber; strength (of someone); force (mil.). 1

.robustus, -a -um ----made of oak, hardwood; strong, powerful (mil.). 2

.rogatus, -us m. ----a request 5

.rogito, -are ----keep on asking, ask incessantly. 3

.rogo, -are ----ask, ask for, beg for, lead; petition; call on (a deity). 1

.rogus, -i, m. ----funeral pile. 2

.roro, -are ----to drop dew, drip, be moist. 3

.ros, roris, m. ----dew, condensed moisture; moisture; water, wetness from (tears, blood). 2

.roscidus, -a -um ----be-dewed, dewy; moist, wet. 4

.roseus, -a -um ----of roses; rose colored, rosy. 3

.rostrum, -i, n. ----muzzle of an animal; prow of a ship; platform for speakers in Forum 2

.rota, -ae, f. ----a wheel of a wagon; wheel in any machinery; potter s wheel; Ixion' s wheel; rotation. 1

.rubesco, -bescere -bui ----to become red; blush. 3

.rubus, -i, m. ----a bramble-bush; a blackberry. 3

.rudens, -entis, m. ----a rope. 4

.ruina, -ae, f. ----falling down, collapse, ruin, destruction. 1

.rumor, -oris, m. ----noise, clamor, tumult; gossip, rumor. 2

.rumpo, rumpere rupi ruptum ----break open, burst, crash, smash 1

.ruo, ruere rui rutum ----rush, rush headlong, crash. 1

.rupes, -is, f. ----rock, cliff. 2

.rursus, and rursum ----backward, back; on the other hand; again. 1

.rus, ruris, n. ----the countryside, country; open land, farms, country estate of a rich "gentleman-farmer". 1

.rusticor, -ari, dep. ----to live in the country, be a "gentleman-farmer". 4

.rusticus, -a-um ----of the country, rural, rustic; plain; awkward, boorish. 2

.sacer, -cra -crum ----holy, sacred, under divine guidance; divine; forfeit to a god, damned, cursed. 1

.sacerdos, -dotis, c. ----a priest, priestess. 3

.sacrarium, -i, n. ----a shrine; place for keeping religious relics, etc.. 3

.sacro, -are ----sanctify, make sacred; dedicate to a deity; make a holy oath. 2

.sacrosanctus, -a -um ----holy, sacred, inviolable. 3

.sacrum, -i, n. ----holy object; a holy place, temple; a holy ritual, holiday. 2

.saeculum, (poet. saeclum) -i, n. ----an age; a century; a generation of people; one lifetime; centuries to come, the future. 1

.saepe, adv. ----often, frequently. 1

.saepenumero, adv. ----repeatedly, again and again. 4

.saepes, (sepes) -is, f. ----hedge, fence. 4

.saepio, saepire saepsi saeptum ----put a hedge or fence around; surround (mil.); encircle. 2

.saeta, -ae, f. ----bristle, animal hair; uncouthness; a horsehair braided fishing line. 3

.saevio, -ire -ii -itum ----act savagely, be furious, rage; roar like an animal, roar at.... 2

.saevus, -a -um ----savage, wild, raging; furious; fierce, uncontrolled, violent. 1

.sagax, -acis ----keen, sharp, acute; discriminating, keen. ( 2

.sagitta, -ae, f. ----arrow. 2

.sagittarius, -a -um ----armed with a bow (and arrows). 5

.sagulum, -i, n. ----a small military cloak. 5

.sal, salis, m. ----salt (crystalline NaCl); salt water, sea water; wit, cleverness; jokes and jests. 1

.salsus, -a -um ----salted, salty; sharp, witty, funny. 2

.saltem, adv. ----at least, at all events. 1

.salto, -are ----to dance. 4

.saltus, -us, m. ----a spring, leap, bound. 3

.saltus, -us, m. ----a forest or mountain pasture; a pass, ravine, glade. 2

.salum, -i, n. ----the open sea. 3

.salus, -utis, f. ----health, healthfulness; security; safety; salvation; (in letters) "salutations" = greetings. 1

.saluto, -are ----greet, hail, give salutations to; call (as client) on a patron. 2

.salve, adv. ----(a greeting) hi!, how are you?; farewell, goodbye, "take care". 1

.salve, adv. ----safely, well. 2

.salve, sg. imperative of verb: ----hello where "ave" is "goodbye" 2

.salvus, -a -um ----safe, all right; OK; healthy, surviving. 2

.sancio, sancire sanxi sanctum (sancitum) ----(sanctify =) confirm, ratify, approve; approve a law, sanction. 2

.sane, adv. ----sanely, soberly; very much, definitely; really (lightly colloquial). 2

.sanguineus, -a -um ----of blood, bloody. 3

.sanguis, -inis, m. and sanguen, n. ----blood, bloodshed; blood as life-force; family bloodlines; blood = offspring. 1

.sanies, -ei, f. ----pus, exuding from wounds or dead bodies; any dripping fluid (slobber, snake venom, fish juice for cooking, tree syrup) 4

.sanitas, -atis, f. ----health, soundness. 3

.sano, -are ----heal, cure; restore to health, sanity. 2

.sanus, -a -um ----healthy, sound, sound of mind or body; in good condition, undamaged (of things). 2

.sapientia, -ae, f. ----wisdom, intelligence, reason. 2

.sapio, sapere (sapivi or) sapii ----a) `be intelligent, smart, understanding tasteful; b) have a taste of, taste like...; smell. like, 1

.sarcina, -ae, f. ----pack, load, load for a mule; belongings. 3

.sarmentum, -i, n. ----twigs, branches; brush. 4

.satelles, -itis, c. ----bodyguard; supporter, back up person. 4

.satio, -are ----satisfy, sate; disgust. 2

.satis, or sat ----enough, sufficient; sufficiently 1

.satisfacio, -ere ----render satisfactory payment. 4

.satisfactio, -onis, f. ----amends, reparation, apology. 5

.sator, -oris, m. ----planter (agr.); founder of a city, race; founder, inventor. 5

.saturo, -are ----fill, sate, saturate. 3

.saucius, -a -um ----wounded, gashed; stricken, hurt; "smashed" = drunk. 3

.saxum, -i, n. ----a rock, stone; stone as building material; tombstone; milestone. 1

.scaena, (scena) -ae, f. ----stage, scene, theater. 2

.scaenicus, -a -um ----of the stage, theatrical. 3

.scalae, -arum, f. pl. ----ladders; ladders for "scaling" walls (mil.); a flight of stairs 2

.scando, scandere scandi scansum ----climb (a hill); climb aboard (a ship); climb into bed; grow upwards. 2

.scapha, -ae, f. ----a small boat, skiff. 5

.scelero, -are ----defile, criminalize. 5

.scelestus, -a -um ----guilty, wicked. 4

.scelus, -eris, n. ----crime, evil, criminal act. 1

.sceptrum, -i, n. ----a sceptre; kingdom. 3

.scientia, -ae, f. ----knowing, knowledge, acquaintance, understanding. 1

.scilicet ----evidently, certainly, of course; (ironically) no doubt. 1

.scindo, scindere scidi scissum ----split, cut in half, split open; tear to pieces. 1

.scintilla, -ae, f. ----spark (of fires), speck. 2

.scio, scire scivi or scii scitum ----know; be aware of...; be aware that...; have knowledge of.... 1

.scitor, -ari, dep. ----to seek to know, inquire, ask. 5

.scopulus, -i, m. ----rock, cliff; overhanging rock-ledge. 2

.scortum, -i, n. ----prostitute, hooker. 3

.scribo, scribere scripsi scriptum ----write, write letters, messages; draw = scribe lines; put into writing, write down; write literature. 1

.scriptor, -oris, m. ----one who writes = scribe, clerk; an author. 2

.scriptura, -ae, f. ----writing; a manuscript, a text; the art of writing. 2

.scrupeus, and scruposus -a -um ----rocky, sharp. 5

.scutum, -i, n. ----a large shield. 2

.se, or sese, acc. sing and pl.; sui genit.; sibi, dat.; se or sese, abl.; ----himself, herself, itself. 1

.secedo, -cedere -cessi -cessum ----draw apart, secede, withdraw. 2

.secerno, -cernere -crevi -cretum ----remove, separate out; set aside; separate from.... 2

.secessus, -us, m. ----withdrawal; a far removed spot, place. 2

.secludo, -cludere -clusi -clusum ----cut off, separate, close off; confine. 2

.seco, secare secui sectum ----cut, slice up; carve; cut off, incise; slice through = pass quickly through. 1

.secretus, -a -um ----set apart, removed, separated out; secret, confidential; obscure, recondite. 1

.sectio, -onis, f. ----cutting up; harvesting; division of goods, a public auction, selling at auction. 3

.sectura, -ae f. ----cutting, slicing; quarry for cutting stone 5

.secundo, -are ----favor, assist. 4

.secundum, adv. ----following, after. 1

.secundus, -a -um ----a) following (sequor), naturally following after.... ; b) moving with, blowing (wind) , helping 1

.securis, -is, f. ----axe, hatchet. 2

.securus, -a -um ----without worry, untroubled, calm; secure. 1

.secus, adv. ----in another manner; otherwise; differently; (haud secus = not otherwise = just so). 1

.sed ----but, however. 1

.sedecim ----sixteen. 1

.sedeo, sedere sedi (-e- is long), sessum ----sit, settle; sit (of an army); stay, sit idly; be settled in...a given habit. 1

.sedes, -is, f. ----seat; a seat = chair; locale; seat (of the dead) = grave; position, 1

.sedile, -is, n. ----seat; bench; chair. 3

.seditio, -onis, f. ----insurrection, turmoil. 3

.seditiosus, -a -um ----rebellious, tumultuous. 5

.sedo, -are ----calm down, allay; soothe. 2

.seduco, -ducere -duxi -ductum ----draw aside, apart; separate; divide, (never sexually "seduce"). 3

.sedulitas, -atis, f. ----paying attention to...; assiduity. 5